Chapter 16 Study Guide – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Winston Churchill
answer
British Prime Minister
question
Maginot Line
answer
Line of defense built by France to protect against German invasion. Stretched from Belgium to Switzerland.
question
Atlantic Charter
answer
1941-Pledge signed by US president FDR and British prime minister Winston Churchill not to acquire new territory as a result of WWII amd to work for peace after the war
question
Charles de Gaulle
answer
French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970)
question
Erwin Rommel
answer
"Desert Fox"-May 1942; German and Italian armies were led by him and attacked British occupied Egypt and the Suez Canal for the second time; were defeated at the Battle of El Alamein; was moved to France to oversee the defenses before D-Day; tried to assassinate Hitler.
question
Dunkirk
answer
A city in northern France on the North Sea where in World War II (1940) 330,000 Allied troops had to be evacuated from the beaches at Dunkirk in a desperate retreat under enemy fire.
question
Blitzkrieg
answer
"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939
question
Battle of Britain
answer
An aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance.
question
Non Agression Pact
answer
Germany and the Soviet Union signed this pact and promised not to attack each other. Germany offered Stalin control of Eastern Poland and the Baltic States.
question
Luftwaffe
answer
German Air Force
question
Island Hopping
answer
A military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands and bypassing others
question
Pearl Harbor
answer
7:50-10:00 AM, December 7, 1941 - Surprise attack by the Japanese on the main U.S. Pacific Fleet harbored in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii destroyed 18 U.S. ships and 200 aircraft. American losses were 3000, Japanese losses less than 100. In response, the U.S. declared war on Japan and Germany, entering World War II.
question
Guadalcanal
answer
first U.S. land victory over the Japanese, 1943
question
Bataan Death March
answer
during World War II, the forced march of Filipino and American prisoners of war under brutal conditions by the Japanese military
question
Ghettos
answer
Sections of towns and cities in which Jews were forced to live.
question
Nazis
answer
Adolf Hitler used fascism to create this type of government based on totalitarian ideas and was used to unite Germany during the 1930s.
question
Kristallnacht
answer
(Night of the Broken Glass) November 9, 1938, when mobs throughout Germany destroyed Jewish property and terrorized Jews.
question
Star of David
answer
Judaism symbol
question
Auschwitz
answer
Nazi extermination camp in Poland, the largest center of mass murder during the Holocaust. Close to a million Jews, Gypsies, Communists, and others were killed there. (p. 800)
question
Holocaust
answer
A mass slaughter of Jews and other civilians, carried out by the Nazi government of Germany before and during World War II.
question
Nuremberg Laws
answer
1935 laws defining the status of Jews and withdrawing citizenship from persons of non-German blood.
question
Refugees
answer
People who leave their home because they are forced out, but not because they are being officially relocated or enslaved.
question
Demilitarisation
answer
The removal of armed forces from an area of land
question
Democratization
answer
the process of creating a government elected by the people
question
Diet
answer
Japanese parliament
question
London Blitz
answer
The Blitz was the sustained bombing of Britain by Nazi Germany between 7 September 1940 and 10 May 1941, in World War II. The name is a shortening of the German term, "Blitzkrieg", or "Lightning War"
question
Nuremberg Trials
answer
A series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany, after World War II, in which Nazi leaders were tried for aggression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against humanity.
question
Dwight D. Eisenhower
answer
American General who began in North Africa and became the Commander of Allied forces in Europe.
question
Douglas MacArthur
answer
American general, who commanded allied troops in the Pacific during World War II.
question
Genocide
answer
Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group
