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(1) You have decided to read an article published in Law and Society. Professor Jones would urge you to begin reading the article by:

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Reading the abstract and conclusions

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(2) A good abstract DOES NOT include a statement about

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The findings of each table and graph

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(4) When names are removed from questionnaires and are replaced with id numbers so that only the researcher can later link a response to a particular name, the researcher should tell the respondent that the information is:

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confidential

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(5) Your friend asks you what constitutes informed consent in social research? You tell him:

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It refers to the combination of no harm to subjects and the assurance that participation is voluntary

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(6) The process where subjects are interviewed and informed of any unrevealed purpose of the research they are a part of is called

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Debriefing

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(7) The PRIMARY ethical research issue raised by the Milgrim study was

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The effects of the methods on the teacher

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(8) Ethical issues are distinguished from political issues in research in that

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There are no formal codes of accepted political conduct whereas there are codes of ethical conduct

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(9) Walking with an open umbrella on a beautiful day or going home on semester break and calling your mom or dad Mr. and Mrs. Are techniques used by ________ to understand social form or rules

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Ethnomethodologists

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(10) A model or scheme for helping us organize and interpret the world is referred to as:

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Paradigm

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(11) Which of the following topics would a macrotheorist be more likely to study than a microtheorist?

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The relationships between government, family, and the economy

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(12) A ________ is a testable statement about a relationship between two variables

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Hypothesis

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(13) Which of the following illustrates the use of the inductive method?

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Observations, pattern finding, and generalization

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(14) Which of the following outlines the steps in the traditional of science model?

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Theoretical understanding, operationalization of concepts, a testable hypothesis, empirical observations

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(15) Which of the following employs the nomothetic model of explanation?

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An isolation of the three most important reasons as to why men were selected to all the leadership positions at a former women's college that went coed

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(16) If a researcher wanted to know why there was a noticeable increase in the number of burglaries in the town of Southpaw during 2005, the researcher would design an

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Explanatory study

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(17) Professor Dooley examined the literature on AIDS and could find nothing that examined children's attitudes toward parents and friends with AIDS. To examine this topic, Dooley should undertake an:

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Exploratory study

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(18) To look at changes in the average age of marriage for men and women in US, professor Jones studied the U.S. census over a period of decades. Jones was doing a:

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Trend Study

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(20) Professor Jones asked some students to write down the number of hours they worked last week. He then created the 4 categories of "20 hours or less," "20-40 hours," "40-60 hours," "60 hours or more." A social scientist would say that the professor's scheme is

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Exhaustive

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(21) Classifying someone as employed or not employed treats employment as:

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Nominal Variable

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(22) Which of the following sequences illustrates the progression of measurement steps in a fully structured scientific study?

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Conceptualization, nominal definition, operational definition, and measurements in the real world

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(23) A criminologist is interested in assessing perceptions of crime in each neighborhood of a metropolitan area. He/she is planning to ask some people in each neighborhood, "how fearful are you that crime will happen in your area?" Individuals who are asked this question can choose between the following responses: "no fear" "some fear" "much fear" the criminologist would be using the ___________ level of measurement

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Ordinal Variable

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(25) Which of the following steps index construction is the first one to be out of sequence?

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Examine the multivariate relationships among the items being considered for inclusion

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(26) Likert scales are designed to be ________ in measurement

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Ordinal

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(27) A ______ summarizes the intersection of two or more variables

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Typology

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(28) Antwan's experiment requires him to tell subjects that they will be working in pairs to solve a problem when in reality he does not care about problem-solving. Antwan is really observing the nonverbal communication between two people who do not know each other. Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning Antwan's research?

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He mus tell the subjects that he plans to observe their nonverbal communications

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(29) When follow-ups are planned with mail surveys:

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Response rates typically increase

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(30) A significant problem of secondary analysis

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Validity

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(31) Which of the following techniques tends the have the highest response rate?

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Face-to-Face interviews

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(32) Melissa wanted to learn about battered women. she entered the world of a battered women's shelter and lived with the women in order to fully learn about the views of these women. She wanted to write a detailed an accurate description about the lives that the women reported. Which of the following approaches best describes Melissa's research paradigm?

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Naturalist

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(33) An advantage of field research is

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Social processes can be studied

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(34) The qualitative field research interview is typically

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Unstructured

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(35) Laurie asks women about their personal experiences in the labor market in order to uncover the power relations that govern those experiences. What paradigm is Laurie using?

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Institutional ethnography

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(37) Michael is interested in comparing the use of the legal system in different countries. He examines the number of arrests per 1,000 court cases, the number of lawyers per capita, and the number of people incarcerated per 1,000 population. Michael is doing

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Social Indicators Research

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(38) For the last 15 years Jenny tracked the divorce and marriage rates in the US. Jenny is doing a

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Monitoring study

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(39) Rebecca was hired to determine what types of recreational programs teenagers wanted and would use in the town of Methods, USA. Rebecca was hired to conduct a:

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A Needs assessment

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(40) Social indicators research combines

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Evaluation research with the analysis of existing data

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(41) If we wanted to determine whether states that pass clean air legislation are more likely to enact laws requiring motorcyclists to wear helmets than are states that had not passed clean air legislation, the unit of analysis would be

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The individual states

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(42) In comparison to coding the manifest content of communication, coding the latent content

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Is better designed for tapping the underlying meaning of communication

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(44) Unobtrusive measures can reduce the problem of

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The researcher's impact on the phenomenon being studied

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(45) Sources of comparative and historical data include

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All of the above

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(46) Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding comparative and historical research?

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Historical researches assume that the documented history coincides with what actually happened

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(47) A researcher discovers that 40% of the households in City X are single person households and 60% are husband-wife households. The researcher tells interviewers 80 interviews and that 40% of the interviews should be with households headed by a single person and 60% with husband-wife households. The research uses:

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Quota sampling

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(48) Drawing a judgmental sample

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Allows researchers to use their prior knowledge about the population

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(49) You want to examine the relationship between family size and family cohesion. You use as your sample all the students in your research methods class. What kind of sampling design are you using?

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Reliance on available subjects

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(50) A study population is

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That aggregation of elements from which the sample is actually selected

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(51) Which of the following statements about informants is FALSE?

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The term informant and respondent are interchangeable

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(52) In terms of probability theory, the standard error is valuable because:

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It indicates the extent to which the sample estimates will be distributed around the population parameter

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(53) Every kth element in a list is chosen for inclusion in the sample in:

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Systematic sampling

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(54) A disadvantage of stratified sampling is that it:

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Requires you to have some prior knowledge about the elements in the population prior to drawing the sample

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(55) Statistical computations assume that you have done:

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Simple random sampling

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(56) Professor Buntman notes that respondent Clarissa Demure is a 54-year old grandmother who has two grandchildren living in her household. Neither of the grandchildren's parents live with them although Clarissa is the maternal grandmother. Buntman also learns that Clarissa had to quit her job in order to stay home with the young grandchildren because she feared leaving the two youngsters with a baby-sitter or in child care. Two of her friends were dealing with similar situations and a third friend was considering whether to obtain custody of her grandchild. This, Buntman learned that Clarissa wasn't feeling "alone" in caring for her grandchildren. Using this information alone, it sounds like Buntman is doing

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A case-oriented idiographic study

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(57) Code notes are used to:

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ID code labels and their meanings

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(58) Which of the following is NOT a fundamental assumption of conversation analysis?

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It is important to understand that the same utterance should have the same meaning in a different context for communication to take place

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(59) Which of the following is TRUE of variable-oriented analysis?

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It provides a partial overall explanation using a relatively few number of variables

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(60) The best advice for writing memos is that

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You should write memos throughout the data collection and data analysis process

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(61) A description of the number of times that the various attributes of a variable are observed is called a

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Frequency distribution

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(62) Which of the following measures of central tendency can be used at any level of measurement

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Mode

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(63) A measure of dispersion describes:

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How spread the data are around some central value

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(64) The end product of the coding process in quantitative analysis refers to

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The conversion of data items into numerical codes

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A good research report should read like a good novel

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F

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Once people are told that their participation in a research study is voluntary, there are no ethical problems

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F

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Institutional review boards work to ensure that the agency doing research is protected against lawsuits by human subjects

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F

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On rare occasions, sociologists may need to conceal their identities in order to undertake research that could not practicably be carried out were tehy to be known as researchers. In this case, a sociologist would simply need to let the participants know who they really are after the conclusion of the study

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F

question

Interest convergence is a concept suggesting that majority group members will support the interest of minorities when it benefits both minorities and the majority

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T

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The deductive model tends to link to theory testing and the inductive model to theory development

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T

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A research proposal describes what you intend to accomplish and how

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T

question

The ecological fallacy can refer to drawing conclusions about individuals based solely on the observation of groups

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T

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If two items are perfectly correlated, both items should be included in an index

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F

question

Doing a comparative analysis of families that choose to stay and those who choose to move out of a racially changing neighborhood to find out the underlying causes for the difference in their choices is an example of a natural experiment

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T

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In a natural experiment, the researcher does NOT manipulate the independent variable

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T

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Typically, research conducted on the internet involves statistically representative samples

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F

question

The Pygmalion effect is similar to the Hawthorne effect

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T

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Surveys are excellent devices for studying the context of social life

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F

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Surveys may be used for descriptive and explanatory purposed but not for exploratory purposes

answer

F

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Random digit dialing circumvents the problem of unlisted telephone numbers

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T

question

Secondary analysis refers to the analysis of data collected earlier by another researcher for some purpose other than the topic of the current study

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T

question

Qualitative field researchers must always participate in what they are studying

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F

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Case studies may be descriptive or explanatory

answer

T

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Interviewers in focus groups must have good moderation skills

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T

question

Field research appears to have higher reliability than survey and experimental research

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F

question

Another name for the experimental stimulus in evaluation research is program intervention

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T

question

According to Babbie, quasi-experimental designs can be used only in evaluation research

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F

question

In content analysis the units of observation must be the same as the unit of analysis

answer

F

question

Existing statistics should be used as supplemental data only

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F

question

Secondary analysis is synonymous with the analysis of existing statistics

answer

F

question

Social scientists typically sample with replacement

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F

question

Variable-oriented research is similar to the nomothetic model of explanation

answer

T

question

One case determines theory

answer

F

question

The search for the intentional or unintentional meanings attached to signs is called semiotics

answer

T

question

Qualitative analysis requires the conversion of social research data into a numerical format

answer

F

question

Some qualitative researchers prefer to use the term dependability as opposed to the term validity, to assess the level of consistency between the observation and the process of observation.

answer

F

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