Sociology of Sport: Chapter 5 review – Flashcards
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Which of the following is NOT true about norms?
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They differ from one situation to the next.
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As the term is used by sociologists, deviance
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always involves a violation of a law
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Studying deviance in sports presents problems in that
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actions that are normal in sports may be deviant outside sport
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One of the reasons that it is difficult to study deviance in sports is that much of it involves actions grounded in
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accepting and over-conforming to norms in sport cultures.
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One of the reasons that it is difficult to study deviance in sports is that
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the types of causes of deviance in sports are very divers
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It has become difficult to determine what actions are deviant and what actions are accepted parts of athletic training today because
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all training involves surpassing limits that are accepted as normal in society
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When a basketball player dribbles the ball out of bounds during a game, she has
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violated a formal norm.
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When two college basketball players turn their back to the U.S. flag during the playing of the national anthem, they
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violate an informal norm
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An absolutist approach to deviance in sports is based on the assumption that
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unchanging moral truths are foundation for all norms
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According to an absolutist approach to studying deviance
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all deviance is caused by a lack of moral character or a moral failure
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People using an absolutist approach tend to
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see deviance as located in the person who engages in it
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A social constructionist approach to deviance is based on
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a combination of cultural, interactionist, and structural theories.
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When using a constructionist approach, deviance is defined as ideas, traits, and actions that
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fall outside of socially determined normative boundaries
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According to constructionist, both norms and deviance are
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socially constructed through interactions
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According to a constructionist approach, the process of negotiating normative boundaries is influenced by
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the power dynamics that exist in a society or social world
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A constructionist approach to deviance is based on the assumption that
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most ideas, traits, and actions fall into a normally accepted range
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Deviance may involve under-conformity or over-conformity to norms. The author explains that deviance involving over-conformity consists of ideas, traits, or actions that
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based on unquestioned acceptance of norms
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Deviance may involve under-conformity or over-conformity to norms. The author explains that deviance involving under-conformity consists of ideas, traits, or actions that
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are subnormal
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Anarchy is the social condition that exists when
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widespread under-conformity creates general lawlessness
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Research on normative over-conformity suggests that if we want to understand this form of deviance we must
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critically examine the organization and dynamics of elite sport cultures
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Understanding deviance in sports requires an understanding of "the sport ethic." Which of the following beliefs is NOT one of the core norms of the sport ethic?
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An athlete accepts pain but avoids risks
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The sport ethic is linked to deviance in sports because athletes
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expect each other to over-conform to its norms.
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The sport ethic becomes a source of dangerous deviance in sports when
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people in sports don't see boundaries to limit over-conformity to the ethic.
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Athletes who engage in deviant under-conformity are usually punished or cut from teams; athletes who engage in deviant over-conformity are
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likely to experience health problems as a result
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A reason that athletes may over-conform to the norms of the sport ethic is because they
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seek identity reaffirmation from other athlete
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The athletes most likely to over-conform to the norms of the sport ethic are those who see
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a strong need to be accepted as athletes by their peer in sports
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When athletes collectively dedicate themselves to a goal and willingly endure pain and make sacrifices to achieve it, they often create a social world in which
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deviant over-conformity becomes normalized
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When athletes collectively over-conform to the norms of the sport ethic, they may develop hubris, which leads them to see themselves as separate from and superior to the rest of the community. The author explains that this hubris
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leads to a sense of entitlement and lack of concerns for people outside their sport
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When there is a collective sense of hubris on a team, it is likely that some athletes will
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feel a sense of entitlement in the general community.
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The author suggest that athletes engage in over-conformity in sports because of their desire to
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play and be accepted as an athlete by other athletes
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Social processes in elite power and performance sports often lead groups of athletes to develop hubris at the same time that these social processes
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separate athletes from the rest of the community
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Controlling deviant over-conformity in sports requires a close examination of the
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meaning and organization of sports
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The most effective way to control deviant over-conformity is to
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help athletes set limits when conforming to the norms of the sport ethic
