question

Mrs. Cannon has been diagnosed as terminally ill, but she insists she will recover because her laboratory results were mixed up with someone else's. Kübler-Ross would say that Mrs. Cannon is in the emotional stage of: A acceptance. B bargaining. C denial. D depression.

answer

c

question

Ted's ex-wife died suddenly. While their two children were included in the memorial services, Ted was intentionally excluded. Because he still cared about his ex-wife, he experienced: A absent grief. B incomplete grief. C disenfranchised grief. D mourning.

answer

c

question

Dorothy has begun keeping a detailed journal that includes stories of her childhood to early adulthood. She plans to pass her journal down to her grandchildren as a family history and so that they can know her in a more intimate way. Her journal writing is a form of: A aesthetics. B catharsis. C life review. D confession.

answer

c

question

At age 65, Mrs. Walker reacted to her recent retirement in much the same way that she dealt with earlier life changes. This illustrates: A continuity theory. B activity theory. C disengagement theory. D diversity theory.

answer

A

question

Claire and Dennis have lived in the same house for over 40 years. They reared their children there and were actively involved in the community. As they age, their children want them to move to a nearby small apartment. Like many other older adults, Claire and Dennis: A look forward to living closer to their children. B prefer to age in place. C will leave their house but will not sell it. D want their children to move back into the family home.

answer

B

question

The multidisciplinary, scientific study of old age is called: A gerontology. B psychology. C demography. D geography.

answer

A

question

Abraham Maslow maintained that older adults are: A more likely than younger people to reach self-actualization. B less likely than younger people to reach self-actualization. C just as likely as younger people to reach self-actualization. D too emotionally impaired to reach self-actualization.

answer

A

question

Dementia is: A benign forgetfulness. B a problem that affects most of the elderly. C a problem that affects only the elderly. D the pathological loss of brain functioning.

answer

D

question

An elderly woman who seeks to integrate her unique personal experiences with the future of her community is in Erikson's stage of: A generativity versus stagnation. B optimization versus compensation. C activity versus disengagement. D integrity versus despair.

answer

D

question

The study of death and dying is known as: A oncology. B gerontology. C thanatology. D ethnology.

answer

C

question

The term "ageism" refers to: A the veneration of the elderly. B judging people on the basis of chronological age. C the view of society held by older people. D the demographics of the population pyramid.

answer

B

question

Ageism, or prejudice about late adulthood, is common among people: a. of all ages. b. in undeveloped nations. c. in early adulthood. d. in late adulthood.

answer

A

question

Stereotype threat is: a. the belief that the elderly are losing their minds. b. anxiety that other people are prejudiced. c. a protective response. d. false ageism.

answer

B

question

By the year 2050, it is estimated that people over age 65 will make up _______ of the world's population. a. three percent b. eight percent c. 10 percent d. 16 percent

answer

D

question

Fewer births and increased survival rates are changing the shape of the population from a pyramid to a(n): a. diamond. b. inverse triangle. c. trapezoid. d. rectangle.

answer

D

question

The ___________ are dependent and at risk for illness and injury. a. young-old b. old-old c. oldest-old d. old-old and oldest-old

answer

C

question

It has been demonstrated that calorie restriction: a. increases aging. b. reverses aging. c. may slow aging. d. increases dementia.

answer

C

question

Research on late-adulthood cognitive decline has led scientists: a. to agree that cognitive decline begins at age 80. b. to have no conclusion about whether late adults have any cognitive impairment. c. to agree that cognitive decline begins at age 60. d. to differ on exactly when cognition starts to decline.

answer

D

question

Older adults are less adept at: a. detecting subtle facial indicators of fear and shame. b. detecting liars. c. gaze following. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

For the brain to process information, the information must cross the _____, which is the divide between what is sensed and what is not. a. sensory threshold b. sensory space c. operational threshold d. memory threshold

answer

A

question

The conscious processing and temporary storage of information best describes the: a. sensory register. b. sensory threshold. c. working memory. d. long-term memory.

answer

C

question

Which of the following is NOT a possible problem with laboratory research on cognition of the elderly? a. conducting experiments in the afternoon b. using a familiar setting and memory cues c. conducting experiments at a college d. not measuring the level of the knowledge base

answer

B

question

The idea that ability should be measured in everyday tasks and circumstances is known as: a. commonplace validity. b. environmental validity. c. ecological validity. d. None of these answers is correct.

answer

C

question

The universal and irreversible physical changes that occur to all living creatures as they grow older is referred to as: a. primary aging. b. secondary aging. c. tertiary aging. d. presbycusis.

answer

A

question

The compression of morbidity is: a. something to avoid. b. the reduction of the seriousness of illnesses. c. the reduction of the number of illnesses. d. a goal to achieve.

answer

D

question

Dementia is irreversible, pathological loss of: a. lung function. b. kidney function. c. brain function. d. bone strength.

answer

C

question

When primary aging makes bones more porous, _____ often occurs. a. high blood pressure b. osteoporosis c. vitamin C deficiency d. obesity

answer

B

question

Alzheimer disease is characterized by: a. acute, severe memory loss and confusion that disappears in hours or days. b. senile psychosis. c. the proliferation of plaques and tangles in the cerebral cortex. d. less-than-normal amounts of beta-amyloid and tau.

answer

C

question

Blockage of a blood vessel in the brain that keeps sufficient oxygen from getting into the brain tissue is a result of: a. Parkinson disease. b. Alzheimer disease. c. delirium. d. transient ischemic attacks.

answer

D

question

A person may be suffering from _____ if he is experiencing emotional and personality changes. a. Alzheimer disease b. frontal lobe dementia c. Lewy body dementia d. vascular dementia

answer

B

question

In the 1970s, three remote places - one in the Republic of Georgia, one in Pakistan, and one in Ecuador - had an unusually high number of centenarians. Which of the following lifestyle choices contributed to these long, healthy lives? a. People are mostly vegetables and herbs, with little meat or fat. b. The elderly were well integrated into the community. c. Most took a walk every morning and evening and rested in the mid-afternoon. d. All of the above are correct.

answer

D

question

Ageism is a form of prejudice in which people: a. compare older adults. b. judge older adults based on work. c. measure the effects of growing old. d. categorize and judge people based on their chronological age.

answer

D

question

The way people talk to the old is called: a. elderspeak. b. stereotype threat. c. eldercommunication. d. ageism.

answer

A

question

Which country has the highest percentage of people over age 65? a. Great Britain b. Japan c. Australia d. Canada

answer

B

question

The ___________ suffer from notable losses in body, mind, or social support, although they still have some strengths as well. a. young-old b. old-old c. oldest-old d. old-old and oldest-old

answer

B

question

Which of the following is the largest group of older adults? a. young-old b. old-old c. oldest-old d. All of the above are equal in size.

answer

A

question

Older adults, generally over age 75, who suffer from physical, mental, or social deficits are categorized as: a. young-old. b. old-old. c. oldest-old. d. None of the above are correct.

answer

B

question

The genetic disease in which children stop growing around age five and begin to look old, with wrinkled skin and balding heads, is called: a. primary aging. b. Alzheimer disease. c. Hutchinson-Gilford syndrome. d. Hayflick disease.

answer

C

question

Hayflick believes that aging is inevitable because of: a. a natural process built into DNA. b. inevitable errors in DNA. c. lengthening telomeres. d. reduced levels of telomerase.

answer

A

question

By age 90, the average man and half of all women are almost: a. unresponsive. b. mute c. blind d. deaf

answer

D

question

A common type of difficulty that older adults have with their working memory is: a. not being able to multitask. b. deficit tasking. c. interference from others. d. being able to perform only two tasks at the same time instead of three.

answer

A

question

Processing information in the conscious mind is to _____________ memory as knowledge base is to _____________ memory. a. working; long-term b. long-term; working c. explicit; implicit d. implicit; explicit

answer

A

question

Research finds variations in adeptness of memory. For instance, vocabulary memory could _________, whereas memory for events could _________. a. decline; increase b. increase; decline c. be good; be excellent d. be good; decline

answer

D

question

The control processes of one's information-processing system depend on activity in the: a. cerebellum. b. neural stem. c. prefrontal cortex. d. hypothalamus.

answer

C

question

An older person's saying "I know but I just can't remember" indicates a problem with: a. processing. b. long-term memory. c. storage. d. retrieval.

answer

D

question

Adult cognitive abilities begin to decline around age 60, and there is a particularly notable decline in: a. numeric ability. b. word fluency and verbal meaning. c. spatial perception and processing speed. d. inductive reasoning.

answer

C

question

Evidence of an impaired cognitive retrieval strategy is: a. showing more tip-of-the-tongue forgetfulness. b. less accurate memory for names. c. reduced verbal fluency. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

Compression of morbidity refers to: a. the limited number of illnesses that most elderly have. b. a shortening of the time spent in illness before death. c. the minimal role that prevention plays when it comes to illnesses in old age. d. the diminished capacity of the elderly.

answer

B

question

Excessive amounts of beta-amyloid and tau proteins in the brain: a. block neurons from being able to communicate initially in the hippocampus. b. have little effect on the communication channels among neurons. c. overly stimulate the cerebral cortex. d. prevent plaque and tangles from forming in the cerebral cortex.

answer

A

question

The result of a series of TIAs is: a. MID. b. vascular dementia. c. multi-infarct dementia. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

For humans, the maximum life span is approximately __________ years. a. 108 b. 116 c. 122 d. 135

answer

C

question

Self theory emphasizes the: a. integration of unique experiences with the needs of the community. b. life-affirming involvement in the present. c. core self in a person's attempt to achieve his or her full potential. d. social forces that limit or expand a person's choices.

answer

C

question

Preserving the self is crucial to older adults. This explains such behaviors as: a. compulsive hoarding. b. encouraging their grandchildren to continue family rituals. c. resisting a move to a new dwelling. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

________ occurs when older adults choose to cope successfully with mental and physical limitations by setting goals, assessing their own abilities, and figuring out how to accomplish their goals. a. Assimilation b. Accommodation c. Selective optimization with compensation d. Compensation

answer

C

question

Elderly people are more likely to perceive, prefer, and remember _____ images and experiences. a. positive b. negative c. beautiful d. disturbing

answer

A

question

Statements such as "I am at peace with my past" or "Bygones will be bygones" reflect the: a. "Life is short" effect. b. elderly effect. c. negativity effect. d. positivity effect.

answer

D

question

Limitations that increase with age as a result of social or cultural segregation are most directly related to: a. behavioral genetics. b. self theories. c. stratification theories. d. activity theory.

answer

C

question

________ theory is to role relinquishment as ________ theory is to social involvement. a. Feminist; disengagement b. Disengagement; activity c. Activity; disengagement d. Activity; age-separation

answer

B

question

The crucial variable in the well-being of the elderly may be _______, not _________. a. gender; ethnicity or ageism b. ageism; gender or ethnicity c. ethnicity; gender or ageism d. income; gender or ethnicity

answer

D

question

Many retirees live longer than they expected, not having anticipated: a. inflation. b. lost pensions. c. increased health costs. d. All of the above.

answer

D

question

Less than half of all adults volunteer. Some observers see this as a sign of: a. social status. b. increasing family responsibility. c. low esteem. d. social isolation.

answer

D

question

Contrary to what most people would think, retired people are _____ to volunteer than employed people. a. more likely b. less likely c. just as likely d. None of the above are correct.

answer

B

question

Long-term marriages are generally characterized by: a. people who are less happy than younger married people. b. people who are healthier and wealthier but not necessarily happier than unmarried people their age. c. people who are healthier, wealthier, and happier than unmarried people their age. d. couples who are healthier, wealthier, and happier than long-term gay couples.

answer

C

question

A family that has only a few people in each of its recent generations is sometimes called a: a. dying family. b. slighted family. c. beanstalk family. d. beanpole family.

answer

D

question

The obligation of adult children to care for their aging parents is called: a. child responsibility. b. filial obligation. c. filial responsibility. d. None of the above are correct.

answer

C

question

_________ grandparents demand respect and obedience and instill traditional values, whereas _________ grandparents strive for love and friendship with their grandchildren. a. Remote; traditional b. Involved; companionate c. Remote; companionate d. Traditional; remote

answer

C

question

An important task for successful aging requires that people: a. maintain reliable social relationships, even if they are few. b. maintain a large social network. c. reduce friendships and be socially isolated. d. be ready to move away from their social convoy.

answer

A

question

Martin, age 86, is no longer able to bathe and dress himself. He also needs help in eating. He is considered: a. to need an assisted-living arrangement. b. to be frail. c. a typical elderly person for his age. d. to have normal daily life activities for his age.

answer

B

question

Older people may not become frail if: a. buffers are available to help compensate their impairments. b. they are left to take care of themselves. c. they remain under a doctor's care. d. they regularly take proper medication.

answer

A

question

The risk for elder abuse may occur when: a. the elder person becomes more frail and difficult to care for. b. emotional problems or substance abuse is present in the caregiver. c. there is resentment and social isolation. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

possible living arrangement for an elderly person who is not self-sufficient is: a. a place with family help. b. a skilled nursing facility. c. an assisted-living facility with some medical supervision. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

Erikson's self theory is called: a. disengagement theory. b. selective optimization. c. activity theory. d. integrity versus despair.

answer

D

question

The statement "I am still my same happy self, but I look a little different now" is an example of: a. stratification. b. holding on to one's identity. c. role confusion. d. compensation.

answer

B

question

Positivity effect is an example of: a. identity accommodation. b. selective optimization with compensation. c. selective compensation. d. stratification.

answer

B

question

The view that aging makes a person's social sphere increasingly narrow is called the: a. disengagement theory. b. positivity theory. c. self theory. d. activity theory.

answer

A

question

The view that elderly people want and need to remain active in a variety of social spheres is known as the: a. positivity theory. b. disengagement theory. c. activity theory. d. ageism theory.

answer

C

question

A type of stratification that endangers the well-being of many older people is: a. gender. b. ethnicity. c. age. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

Feminist theory argues that old women may be poorer than old men because: a. older women were not segregated. b. older women stop working when their husbands become sick. c. of past sexual discrimination. d. their husbands have died.

answer

C

question

Inflation makes retirement income worth _____ of what it did when the money was first saved. a. more than half b. less than half c. less than one-fourth d. more than three-fourths

answer

B

question

For older adults, work provides: a. social support. b. status. c. effectiveness. d. All of the above are correct.

answer

D

question

Volunteering is associated with: a. better health. b. less depression. c. meeting a person's needs for social interaction. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

A NORC is: a. a neighborhood that naturally becomes a retirement community. b. a community designed for older adults. c. a retirement community. d. a retirement home.

answer

A

question

In general, older couples have learned: a. how to avoid conflict. b. how to disagree. c. how to appease each other. d. that they should sleep in separate rooms.

answer

B

question

In Asian nations, parents depend more on ____________ for support in old age. a. their daughters b. their sons c. their grandchildren d. the government

answer

B

question

Research shows that cohorts born in the 1950s and 1960s endorsed _______ responsibility toward older generations than _________ cohorts did. a. less; younger b. more; younger c. less; earlier d. more; earlier

answer

D

question

Grandparents Grace and Don see their grandchildren daily because they drive them to their after-school activities. They would be considered _________ grandparents. a. surrogate parent b. companionate c. involved d. remote

answer

C

question

According to research by Hagedoorn (2006), never-married older adults are _______ than ________ are. a. more depressed; married adults b. happier; recent widows c. happier; married adults d. more depressed; recent widows

answer

B

question

Of the following, which is not considered an activity of daily life (ADL)? a. eating b. shopping for groceries c. using the toilet d. dressing

answer

B

question

Gerontologists consider it essential to help each resident of assisted living to: a. have each day structured. b. retain independence. c. be restrained when necessary. d. be required to attend social events.

answer

B

question

Family caregivers of the frail elderly: a. experience substantial stress. b. sometimes feel fulfilled. c. are at a risk for depression. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

The largest percentage of substantiated abuse of the elderly is perpetrated by: a. professional caregivers. b. con artists. c. family members. d. nursing homes.

answer

C

question

All of the following are ways that death has changed in the past hundred years EXCEPT: a. death occurs later in life. b. dying takes longer. c. the causes of death have changed. d. fewer deaths occur in hospitals.

answer

D

question

Which of the following is a component of every religion? a. a belief in the afterlife b. providing hope at death c. believing that the dead protect the living d. a need to save the soul

answer

B

question

One reason why adolescents and emerging adults die in suicides, homicides, and accidents may be that they: a. romanticize death. b. are more vulnerable to cluster suicides. c. are more vulnerable to foolish dares and drunk driving. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

What was the most common cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds in the early twentieth century? a. accidents b. homicide c. diseases d. suicide

answer

c

question

Death in the prime of life is usually _____ than death in late adulthood. a. harder to accept b. easier to accept c. more painful d. quicker

answer

A

question

When people have near-death experiences, they often: a. turn their backs on God. b. lose their ability to speak. c. talk of moving toward a bright light. d. are traumatized by the experience.

answer

C

question

According to the text, both healthy older adults and older adults with cancer most often choose to spend free time with: a. a family member. b. the author of a book. c. an acquaintance with whom they have much in common. d. none of these people.

answer

A

question

A near-death experience is often an occasion for: a. religious affirmation. b. questioning religion. c. reconnecting with family. d. rewriting one's will.

answer

A

question

People from all religions and cultures hope for a good death, which includes a: a. long life. b. peaceful death. c. quick death. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

The public ceremonies and behaviors that a religion or culture prescribes to honor the dead are part of: a. grief. b. mourning. c. bereavement. d. despair.

answer

B

question

According to Kübler-Ross, the first stage of dying is: a. acceptance. b. anger. c. bargaining. d. denial.

answer

D

question

The program in which terminally ill patients receive palliative care to reduce suffering is: a. hospice. b. physician-assisted suicide. c. counseling. d. None of the above.

answer

A

question

_____ care is care designed to relieve pain and suffering, not to treat an illness. a. Elder b. Alleviative c. Thanalative d. Palliative

answer

D

question

What is it called when a person can move only his or her eyes, with brain waves still present? a. brain death b. locked-in syndrome c. coma d. vegetative state

answer

B

question

In passive euthanasia, a person is: a. resuscitated. b. given drugs to die. c. allowed to die. d. hospitalized.

answer

C

question

In the state of Oregon, what factors control the number of physician-assisted suicide deaths? a. Because of measures taken to control the number of deaths, only one-third of all requests are approved. b. The lethal drugs must be requested twice orally and twice in writing. c. Three physicians must confirm the individual's terminal status. d. The person must be over 40 years of age.

answer

A

question

When a bereaved person does not seem to grieve, he is exhibiting: a. complicated grief. b. non-existent grief. c. incomplete grief. d. absent grief.

answer

D

question

The loved ones of a murder or suicide victim are at risk for experiencing: a. absent grief. b. denial rage. c. disenfranchised grief. d. incomplete grief.

answer

D

question

A study of widows and widowers found that: a. most were depressed following the loss of their spouse. b. almost all idealized their marriages. c. most experienced normal grief. d. few were functioning normally six months after the loss of their spouse.

answer

B

question

Those who work with the dying and the bereaved note that the lessons of death may lead to: a. stronger religious beliefs. b. greater appreciation of life. c. health care proxies. d. disenfranchised grief.

answer

B

question

Which of the following themes are apparent in all the known ancient cultures? a. Actions during life were thought to affect destiny after death. b. Mourners responded to death with specific prayers. c. Afterlife was assumed. d. All of the above are correct.

answer

C

question

In all religions and cultures, death is regarded as: a. an endpoint. b. a passage, not an endpoint. c. a new trial to undertake. d. a depressing end to life.

answer

B

question

In a study of four to eight year olds, those who knew more about the specifics of a loved one's death were _____ about death and dying as a whole. a. more curious b. less curious c. more anxious d. less anxious

answer

D

question

A study of death anxiety found that, for the most part, anxiety ______ from one's teens to one's 20s and then _________. a. decreased; increased b. increased; decreased c. remained low; increased rapidly d. was almost nonexistent; increased

answer

B

question

What was the most common cause of death for 15- to 24-year-olds in the early twenty-first century? a. accidents b. homicide c. diseases d. suicide

answer

A

question

Because few people are to blame for their own deaths, adults tend to fear: a. disease. b. unusual tragic events that seem to be random. c. growing old. d. inherited disorders.

answer

B

question

People who believe that they might die soon are _______ likely than others to ____________. a. more; commit suicide b. less; commit suicide c. more; believe in life after death d. less; believe in life after death

answer

C

question

To some, near-death experiences prove that there is a heaven. Scientists claim: a. to have support for near-death experiences. b. there is no evidence to support that what happens in death has any relation to near-death experiences. c. that near-death experiences depend on one's religion. d. that returning from near death is a miracle.

answer

B

question

People in all religions and cultures hope for a good death, meaning a death: a. with family and friends present. b. without pain or discomfort. c. in familiar surroundings. d. All of these answers are correct.

answer

D

question

According to Kübler-Ross, the fourth stage of dying is: a. depression. b. anger. c. bargaining. d. denial.

answer

A

question

Which of the following would not be a component of palliative care? a. morphine b. chemotherapy c. antinausea medications d. sleep aids

answer

B

question

Which of the following refers to a state in which a person is definitively dead? a. brain death b. locked-in syndrome c. coma d. vegetative state

answer

A

question

When a person is given a drug that induces death, this is referred to as: a. passive euthanasia. b. active euthanasia. c. DNR. d. a double effect.

answer

B

question

Since the passage of a law allowing physician-assisted suicide, the state of Oregon has found that patients who request the assistance: a. are older than those who die of the same diseases. b. tend to be advantaged, not disadvantaged. c. are less educated than those who die of the same diseases. d. are more likely to be of minority ethnicity than those who die of the same diseases.

answer

B

question

A document that indicates what medical intervention an individual prefers in the event that he or she cannot express those preferences is called a: a. health care proxy. b. dying will. c. living will. d. written testament.

answer

C

question

_____________ is a powerful and personal emotion, a sadness that overtakes daily life. a. Grief b. Mourning c. Bereavement d. Karma

answer

A

question

Murders and suicides often trigger police investigations that can interfere with the grieving process and lead to: a. absent grief. b. disenfranchised grief. c. incomplete grief. d. complicated grief.

answer

C

question

Older adults who exhibited insecure-avoidant attachments early in life may be more likely to experience: a. absent grief. b. denial rage. c. disenfranchised grief. d. incomplete grief.

answer

A

question

One of the purposes of mourning is to reaffirm life. Crucial to reaffirmation is the search for _____ in the person's death. a. reasons b. causes c. meaning d. eternity

answer

C

question

A study of widows and widowers found that: a. 30 percent experienced normal grief. b. 15 percent were depressed at every assessment after the loss. c. 10 percent were less depressed after the death than before. d. 65 percent were resilient.

answer

D

question

_______ is a prejudice whereby people are categorized and judged solely on the basis of their chronological age. A. dependency ratio B. control processes C. ageism D. delirium

answer

c

question

_______ is a temporary loss of memory, often accompanied by hallucinations, terror, grandiosity, and irrational behavior. A. control processes B. genetic clock C. delirium D. ageism

answer

c

question

_______ is a test that is used to measure cognitive ability, especially in late adulthood. A. B. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) C. D.

answer

b

question

_______ are the ways in which molecules and cells are affected by age. Many theories aim to explain how and why aging causes cells to deteriorate. A. calorie restriction B. cellular aging C. delirium D. dependency ratio

answer

B

question

_______ is a condescending way of speaking to older adults that resembles baby talk, with simple and short sentences, exaggerated emphasis, repetition, and a slower rate and a higher pitch than used in normal speech. A. ageism B. elderspeak C. delirium D. dependency ratio

answer

B

question

_______ is the practice of limiting dietary energy intake (while consuming sufficient quantities of vitamins, minerals, and other important nutrients) for the purpose of improving health and slowing down the aging process. A. genetic clock B. calorie restriction C. Hayflick limit D. control processes

answer

b

question

_______ is the number of times a human cell is capable of dividing into two new cells. The limit for most human cells is approximately 50 divisions, an indication that the life span is limited by our genetic program. A. calorie restriction B. Hayflick limit C. genetic clock D. control processes

answer

B

question

_______ is a purported mechanism in the DNA of cells that regulates the aging process by triggering hormonal changes and controlling cellular reproduction and repair. A. control processes B. Hayflick limit C. genetic clock D. demographic shift

answer

C

question

_______ are Elderly adults (generally, those older than 85) who are dependent on others for almost everything, requiring supportive services such as nursing homes and hospital stays. A. young-old B. old-old C. oldest-old

answer

c

question

_______ is a form of dementia characterized by an increase in Lewy body cells in the brain. Symptoms include visual hallucinations, momentary loss of attention, falling, and fainting. A. Lewy body dementia B. Frontal lobe dementia C. Alzheimer disease (AD) D. vascular dementia (VaD)

answer

a

question

_______ is a shift in the proportions of the populations of various ages. A. dependency ratio B. control processes C. demographic shift D. ecological validity

answer

C

question

_______ is the universal and irreversible physical changes that occur in all living creatures as they grow older. A. Secondary Aging B. Primary Aging

answer

B

question

_______ is the idea that cognition should be measured in settings that are as realistic as possible and that the abilities measured should be those needed in real life. A. dependency ratio B. control processes C. demographic shift D. ecological validity

answer

d

question

_______ is the part of the information-processing system that regulates the analysis and flow of information. Memory and retrieval strategies, selective attention, and rules or strategies for problem solving are all useful __________. A. ecological validity B. dependency ratio C. control processes D. demographic shift

answer

C

question

_______ are older adults (generally, those older than 75) who suffer from physical, mental, or social deficits. A. young-old B. old-old C. oldest-old

answer

B

question

_______ is a calculation of the number of self-sufficient, productive adults compared with the number of dependents (children and the elderly) in a given population. A. dependency ratio B. compression of morbidity

answer

A

question

_______ is a shortening of the time a person spends ill or infirm, accomplished by postponing illness. A. compression of morbidity B. slowed morbidity C. reduction morbidity

answer

A

question

_______ is an irreversible loss of intellectual functioning caused by organic brain damage or disease. It becomes more common with age, but it is abnormal and pathological even in the very old. A. Alzheimer disease (AD) B. dementia C. osteoporosis D. Parkinson disease

answer

B

question

_______ are fragile bones that result from primary aging, which makes bones more porous, especially if a person is at genetic risk. A. osteoporosis B. dementia C. brittle bone disease

answer

A

question

_______ is a chronic, progressive disease that is characterized by muscle tremor and rigidity and sometimes dementia; caused by reduced dopamine production in the brain. A. vascular dementia (VaD) B. Alzheimer disease (AD) C. Parkinson Disease D. Lewy body dementia

answer

C

question

_______ refers to a situation in which elderly people are prescribed several medications. The various side effects and interactions of those medications can result in dementia symptoms. A. multipharmacy B. polypharmacy

answer

B

question

_______ is the most common cause of dementia, characterized by gradual deterioration of memory and personality and marked by the formation of plaques of beta-amyloid protein and tangles of tau in the brain. (Sometimes called senile dementia of the Alzheimer type.) A. Lewy body dementia B. Frontal lobe dementia C. Alzheimer disease (AD) D. vascular dementia (VaD)

answer

C

question

_______ is a deterioration of the amygdala and frontal lobes that may be the cause of 15 percent of all dementias. A. Lewy body dementia B. Frontal lobe dementia C. Alzheimer disease (AD) D. vascular dementia (VaD)

answer

B

question

_______ is an examination of one's own role in the history of human life, engaged in by many elderly people. A. catharsis B. life review C. journal writing D. relaxing

answer

B

question

_______ is the oldest possible age that members of a species can live under ideal circumstances. For humans, that age is approximately 122 years. A. average life expectancy B. maximum life span

answer

b

question

_______ is the number of years the average newborn in a particular population group is likely to live. A. average life expectancy B. maximum life span

answer

A

question

_______ is the specific physical illnesses or conditions that become more common with aging but are caused by health habits, genes, and other influences that vary from person to person. A. Secondary Aging B. Primary Aging

answer

A

question

_______ is a form of dementia characterized by sporadic, and progressive, loss of intellectual functioning caused by repeated infarcts, or temporary obstructions of blood vessels, which prevent sufficient blood from reaching the brain. (Also called multi-infarct dementia.) A. Lewy body dementia B. Frontal lobe dementia C. Alzheimer disease (AD) D. vascular dementia (VaD)

answer

d

question

_______ is a view of aging as a process by which the human body wears out because of the passage of time and exposure to environmental stressors. A. learn and grow B. live and learn C. wear and tear D. use and wear out

answer

C

question

_______ are healthy, vigorous, financially secure older adults (generally, those aged 60 to 75) who are well integrated into the lives of their families and communities. A. young-old B. old-old C. oldest-old

answer

A

question

_______ is the final stage in Maslow's hierarchy of needs, characterized by aesthetic, creative, philosophical, and spiritual understanding. A. love B. esteem C. self-actualization

answer

C

question

________ is the final stage of Erik Erikson's developmental sequence, in which older adults seek to integrate their unique experiences with their vision of community. A. integrity versus despair B. activity theory C. intimacy versus isolation

answer

A

question

________ is typically identified as five tasks of self-care that are important to independent living: eating, bathing, toileting, dressing, and transferring from a bed to a chair. The inability to perform any of these tasks is a sign of frailty. A. instrumental activities of daily life (IADLs) B. activity theory C. activities of daily life (ADLs) D. positivity effect

answer

C

question

________ is remaining in the same home and community in later life, adjusting but not leaving when health fades. A. age with family B. activity theory C. age in place D. ageism activity

answer

C

question

________ is a U.S. organization of people 50 and older that advocates for the elderly. It was originally called the ____________, but now only the initials _________ are used, since members need not be retired. A. AWRP B. AARP C. CAWP D. AAWP

answer

B

question

________ is the view that elderly people want and need to remain active in a variety of social spheres with relatives, friends, and community groups and become withdrawn only unwillingly, as a result of ageism. A. instrumental activities of daily life (IADLs) B. activity theory C. age in place D. activities of daily life (ADLs)

answer

B

question

________ is a living arrangement for elderly people that combines privacy and independence with medical supervision. A. nursing home B. assisted living C. home health care

answer

B

question

________ are theories of late adulthood that emphasize the core self, or the search to maintain one's integrity and identity. A. disengagement theories B. stratification theories C. self theories D. positivity effect theories

answer

C

question

________ is the tendency for elderly people to perceive, prefer, and remember positive images and experiences more than negative ones. A. stratification theory B. disengagement theory C. positivity effect D. self theory

answer

C

question

________ are theories that emphasize that social forces, particularly those related to a person's social stratum or social category, limit individual choices and affect a person's ability to function in late adulthood because past stratification continues to limit life in various ways. A. stratification theories B. disengagement theories C. self theories

answer

A

question

________ is the urge to accumulate and hold on to familiar objects and possessions, sometimes to the point of their becoming health and/or safety hazards. This impulse tends to increase with age. A. compulsive hoarding B. over packing C. compulsive keeping

answer

A

question

________ is the view that aging makes a person's social sphere increasingly narrow, resulting in role relinquishment, withdrawal, and passivity. A. compulsive hoarding B. stratification theories C. disengagement theories D. self theories

answer

C

question

________ is a neighborhood or apartment complex whose population is mostly retired people who moved to the location as younger adults and never left. A. Retirement Home B. Assisted living C. Nursing home D. naturally occurring retirement community (NORC)

answer

D

question

________ is the obligation of adult children to care for their aging parents. A. filial responsibility B. caregiver responsibility C. caregiver obligation D. filial obligation

answer

A

question

________ are people older than 65, and often older than 85, who are physically infirm, very ill, or cognitively disabled. A. degenerate elderly B. frail elderly C. broken down elderly

answer

B

question

________ are actions (e.g., paying bills and driving a car) that are important to independent living and that require some intellectual competence and forethought. The ability to perform these tasks may be even more critical to self-sufficiency than ADL ability. A. instrumental activities of daily life (IADLs) B. activity theory C. age in place D. activities of daily life (ADLs)

answer

A

question

_________ are designing physical space and common tools that are suitable for people of all ages and all levels of ability. A. usable design B. universal design C. elderly design

answer

B

question

_____ is the deep sorrow that people feel at the death of another. It is personal and unpredictable. A. mourning B. grief C. double effect D. slippery slope

answer

B

question

_____ is a situation in which an action (such as administering opiates) has both a positive effect (relieving a terminally ill person's pain) and a negative effect (hastening death by suppressing respiration). A. double effect B. slippery slope C. grief D. mourning

answer

A

question

_____ is a situation in which mourners do not grieve, either because other people do not allow grief to be expressed or because the mourners do not allow themselves to feel sadness. A. complicated grief B. disenfranchised grief C. absent grief D. incomplete grief

answer

C

question

_____ is an institution or program in which terminally ill patients receive palliative care to reduce suffering; family and friends of the dying are helped as well. A. DNR (do not resuscitate) B. slippery slope C. hospice

answer

C

question

_____ is a person chosen by another person to make medical decisions if the second person becomes unable to do so. A. health care proxy B. DNR (do not resuscitate) C. slippery slope

answer

A

question

_____ is a form of active euthanasia in which a doctor provides the means for someone to end his or her own life. A. DNR (do not resuscitate) B. physician-assisted suicide C. slippery slope

answer

B

question

_____ is care designed not to treat an illness but to provide physical and emotional comfort to the patient and support and guidance to his or her family. A. DNR (do not resuscitate) B. terror management theory (TMT) C. palliative care

answer

C

question

_____ is a situation in which a seriously ill person is allowed to die naturally, through the cessation of medical intervention. A. active euthanasia B. passive euthanasia

answer

B

question

_____ is a document that indicates what medical intervention an individual prefers if he or she is not conscious when a decision is to be expressed. For example, some do not want to be given mechanical breathing. A. palliative care B. slippery slope C. living will D. grief

answer

C

question

_____ is a situation in which certain people, although they are bereaved, are prevented from mourning publicly by cultural customs or social restrictions. A. complicated grief B. disenfranchised grief C. absent grief D. incomplete grief

answer

B

question

_____ is the idea that people adopt cultural values and moral principles in order to cope with their fear of death. This system of beliefs protects individuals from anxiety about their mortality and bolsters their self-esteem, so they react harshly when other people go against any of the moral principles involved. A. slippery slope B. terror management theory (TMT) C. palliative care D. living well

answer

B

question

_____ is a situation in which someone takes action to bring about another person's death, with the intention of ending that person's suffering. A. active euthanasia B. passive euthanasia

answer

A

question

_____ is a written order from a physician (sometimes initiated by a patient's advance directive or by a health care proxy's request) that no attempt should be made to revive a patient if he or she suffers cardiac or respiratory arrest. A. DNR (do not resuscitate) B. terror management theory (TMT) C. palliative care

answer

A

question

_____ is a situation in which circumstances, such as a police investigation or an autopsy, interfere with the process of grieving. A. complicated grief B. disenfranchised grief C. absent grief D. incomplete grief

answer

D

question

_____ is the ceremonies and behaviors that a religion or culture prescribes for people to employ in expressing their bereavement after a death. A. mourning B. grief C. double effect

answer

a

question

_____ is the argument that a given action will start a chain of events that will culminate in an undesirable outcome. A. mourning B. grief C. double effect D. slippery slope

answer

D

question

_____ is the study of death and dying, especially of the social and emotional aspects. A. gerontology B. thanatology C. dermatology

answer

B

Human Development Chapters 14-15-Epilogue – Flashcards

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