question

Pre-Colonial / Early Am. Indian Lit. (HISTORY)

answer

No real record of lit since had oral tradition, but have wood/stone artifacts that show song/myth/legend Am. Indians had encounters with European explorers (Columbus-West Indies, Balboa-Pacific cost, Vasquez+Coronado-Southwest, Mendez-Florida)

question

Pre-Colonial / Early Am. Indian Lit. (LIT ELEM)

answer

FOLKLORE: describes beauty/power/awe of nature MYTH: stories passed down generations explaining natural phenomena

question

Pre-Colonial / Early Am. Indian Lit. (EXAMPLES)

answer

The Walum Olum -Deleware Tribe The Navajo Origin Legend -Navajo Night Chant -Navajo (details tribal origins and told during special ceremonies)

question

Colonial Literature (HISTORY)

answer

1607-1763 Primary motive of Jamestown settlers was to dig/mine for gold, silver and copper Puritans: chosen people to reform church of england Pilgrims: break from church Salem Witch Trials: 20 people hung/pressed (Cotton Mather campaigned that witchcraft was a threat)

question

Colonial Literature (LIT ELEM)

answer

English Puritans were most educated and literate so had most impact (stressed defense/explanation of beliefs; wrote plain, clear, logical sermons; all wrote diaries passed down to offspring; elegies of deceased Harvard modeled after Cambridge and had printing press: religious/political themes

question

John SMITH

answer

Colonial Literature (1) saved by Pocahontas; Description of New England (first english book written in america -1608)

question

William BRADFORD

answer

Colonial Literature (2) History of Plymouth Plantation, The Mayflower Compact

question

John WINTHROP

answer

Colonial Literature (3) MA gov. believed god sent his people to new world and europe watching to see if suceed/fail; sermon -A Model of Christian Charity

question

John EDWARDS

answer

Colonial Literature (4) Calvinist from Yale who wrote about spiritual development

question

Revolutionary Literature (HISTORY)

answer

1764-1789 (just after French-Indian war through Revolutionary war) Stamp Act (1765) to tax legal documents Tea Party (1773) protest tea tax Lexington and Concord (1775) Declaration of Independence (1776) Revolutionary war ends (1787)

question

Revolutionary Literature (LIT ELEM)

answer

themes: revolutionary politics, nationalisim Reason and secularisim dominate via Ben Franklin Religious idealogy of Puritains dies out

question

Ben FRANKLIN

answer

Revolutionary Literature (1) Pennsylvania Gazette (weekly periodical) Poor Richard's Almanack (weather and virtues for good business practices) Helped draft Declaration of Independence Helped write and sign Constitution

question

Patrick HENRY

answer

Revolutionary Literature (2) "give me liberty or give me death" speech in virginia

question

Alexander HAMILTON

answer

Revolutionary Literature (3) The Federalist Papers (85 essays on why constitution should be ratified)

question

John + Abigail ADAMS

answer

Revolutionary Literature (4) letters of correspondence documented revolutionary period

question

Thomas PAINE

answer

Revolutionary Literature (5) Common Sense (appeal to break away from England to have political independence) Powerful cause plain style

question

Thomas JEFFERSON

answer

Revolutionary Literature (6) declaration of independence (3rd president)

question

Gustavus VASSA

answer

Revolutionary Literature (7) Real name Olaudah Equiano (man) Enslaved as child, earned freedom Leading figure in abolition movement (late 1700) Autobiography: Gustavus Vassa the African

question

Philis WHEATLEY

answer

Revolutionary Literature (8) African slave child of John Wheatley (Boston Merchant) Encouraged to learn and wrote poetry Wrote: Her Poems on Various Subjects

question

Romantic Literature (HISTORY)

answer

1790-1865 (After Revolutionary war up till Civil War -sturbridge village time) Jefferson purchased Louisiana Territory (doubled size of america) Manifest Destiny: devine expansion westward Boating, steamboats, erie canal Railroads helped economic development Boom and must periods with currency debates War of 1812 (inspired star spangled banner by francis scott key) Missouri Compromise kind of like boundary between romantic literature period and Civil War Literature

question

Romantic Literature (LIT ELEM)

answer

Early American Folktales and defining of American short story Themes: transcendentalism, romanticism, new literary tradition Romanticism: against "age of reason" and emphasized intuition and emotion; interested in the individual and nature South originally revered learning and literary culture but later wrote propaganda defending slavery New England was center of Am. literature

question

Fireside poets

answer

Romantic Literature (1) Poets read by fireside during harsh New England winters Oliver WENDELL HOLMES, Henry WADSWORTH LONGFELLOW, John GREENLEAF WHITTIER

question

James Fenimore COOPER

answer

Romantic Literature (2) Last of the Mohicans

question

Ralph Waldo EMERSON

answer

Romantic Literature (3) transcendentalist who wrote about hard work, importance of learning about nature through experiencing it, trust in oneself not in the opinion of others Wrote "Nature"

question

Nathaniel HAWTHORNE

answer

Romantic Literature (4) combined symbolism and romance The Scarlet Letter, House of the Seven Gables

question

Herman MELVILLE

answer

Romantic Literature (5) combined symbolism and romance, power of sin Moby Dick

question

Edgar Allen POE

answer

Romantic Literature (6) poet who believed beauty was truth; often contained elemets that observe the strangeness in beauty The Raven, The Tell-Tale Heart

question

Henry David THOREAU

answer

Romantic Literature (7) transcendentalist who wrote about self-reliance, individualism, spiritual growth, nature, civil disobedience (civil war literature on abolition) On Walden Pond, On the Duty of Civil Disobedience

question

Walt WHITMAN

answer

Romantic Literature (8) original poet who wrote about democracy and individual common man, he rejected traditional poetic forms like verse-meter, rhyme writing also included in civil war literature cause influenced by his time as field medic

question

Louisa May ALCOTT

answer

Romantic Literature (9) connected to transcendentalists through dad Little Women

question

Emily DICKINSON

answer

Romantic Literature and sect. ind./local color lit (10) poet late 1800s mostly transcendentalist but some anti-transcendentalist wrote about abstract things as if they were physical objects poetic style: short lines, slant rhymes, unconventional punctuation themes: death and immortality

question

Civil War Literature (HISTORY)

answer

1861-1865 Abolitionist Movement and fight against slavery John Brown hanged for attacking arsenal at Harper's Ferry VA to provoke slave insurrection in South (hero to Thoreau and Emerson connecting abolitionist movement to transcendentalism) Harriet Tubman man many trips south-north to help slaves escape Sojourner Truth leader for women's rights and abolition

question

Civil War Literature (LIT ELEM)

answer

themes on abolition and pro-slavery

question

Frederick DOUGLASS

answer

Civil War Literature (1) wrote a narrative on his life as a slave and how masters would prevent education to keep slaves ignorant

question

Harriet BEECHER STOWE

answer

Civil War Literature (2) New England woman who wrote story about slave life with limited knowledge of situation but fired up anti-slavery movement wrote: Uncle Tom's Cabin provided realistic picture of contemporary life, not romantic view

question

Susan B. ANTHONY

answer

Civil War Literature (4) promoted women's rights

question

Sectional Independence/Local Color Lit. (HISTORY)

answer

1865-1930 (after civil war up to depression) westward movement of immigrants 1st transcontinental railroad system created south was very poor after civil war during reconstruction gilded age (1873) 1900s america because a leading economic power and culture was obsessed with american dream (Rockefeller, Morgan, Gould, Carnegie)

question

Sectional Independence/Local Color Lit. (LIT ELEM)

answer

themes: rags to riches, self-discipline, dreams of material comfort, conformity stories of common people through folktales: johnny appleseed, paul bunyan, pecos bill. genres: poetry, elegy, puns, allegory, satire regional differences: far west=romance, south=glamour, west=rustic

question

Willa CATHER

answer

wrote about life in Nebraska prairie and immigrant farmers O Pioneers

question

Kate CHOPIN

answer

wrote about creole people and customs Bayou Folk

question

Samuel Langhorne CLEMENS

answer

Mark Twain -humorist wrote about local color and life along the mississippi river used vernacular, exaggeration, and deadpan narration to create humor

question

Realism (HISTORY)

answer

1890-1920 (up through WW1) scientific interest, social conscious humanism: the highest ethical principle is self-restraint

question

Realism (LIT ELEM)

answer

themes: avoided false beauty and pointed out reality -often cruel and ugly

question

Henry JAMES

answer

Realist Lit (1) wrote about the contrast between American and European cultures.

question

Edith WHARTON

answer

Realist Lit (2) wrote about the destructive effects of social conventions in The House of Mirth wrote about struggle of individual against convention in Ethan Frome

question

Naturalist Literature (LIT ELEM)

answer

during 1700s themes: nature's dominance over man, natural selection, man controlled by passions and the environment, unpleasant phases of life doesn't talk about morals

question

Stephen CRANE

answer

Naturalist Lit (1) considered 1st naturlist wrote about civil war solider in The Red Badge of Courage (though he wasn't alive during civil war)

question

Charlotte Perkins GILMAN

answer

Naturalist Lit (2) wrote The Yellow Wallpaper about a woman driven out of her mind by the isolation imposed by her husband

question

Jack LONDON

answer

Naturalist Lit (3) was a tramp who traveled around the us and learned that wealth was important and that to achieve wealth one needed physical and intellectual strength wrote Call of the Wild about a dog named Buck who has to revert back to his primitive state

question

Modern Literature (HISTORY)

answer

1914-1945 (end of WW1 through WW2) Roaring 20s Great Depression, WW2 = grief over loss of the past and fear of loss of traditions Muckrakers exposing corruption in politics and business

question

Modern Literature (LIT ELEM)

answer

theme: alienation and disconnection writing was very experimental and used fragments, stream of consciousness, inter dialogue writers no longer thought to write for everyone but from a certain perspective (social/cultural/ethnic) about social/cultural/ethnic topics for a specific audience (social/cultural/ethnic)

question

William FAULKNER

answer

Modern Literature (1) novels and short stories about decline of aristocracy in the south richly descriptive wrote The Sound of the Fury

question

F. Scott FITZGERALD

answer

Modern Literature (2) themes: manners/moods/culture of the roaring 20s (his time) wrote The Great Gatsby an ironic and tragic treatment of the myth of american success

question

Ernest HEMINGWAY

answer

Modern Literature (3) did not emphasize emotions style: stoic, concise, direct, objective, precise, rhythmic wrote The Old Man and the Sea (a parable of man vs nature), A Farewell to Arms, The Sun Also Rises

question

John STEINBECK

answer

Modern Literature (4) wrote about the plight of farmers displaced by depression and dust bowl theme: need for social justice Grapes of Wrath, Of Mice and Men, The Red Pony, The Pearl

question

Upton SINCLAIR

answer

Modern Literature (5) themes: poverty, hopelessness, awful living conditions wrote The Jungle about corruption and bad practices of the meat packing industry

question

20th Century Poets

answer

T.S. ELIOT: our place in universe, human's ability to love and communicate Ezra POUND: ordinary language, free verse, to create extraordinary imagery e.e.CUMMINGS: played with form, punctuation, spelling, font, grammar, rhythm, syntax Robert FROST: traditional verse forms, plain speech, conflict between nature and industrialization Carl SANDBURG: from chicago, described everday americans in positve way

question

Harlem Renaissance

answer

black cultural movement that emerged from harlem in the 1920s literature, art, music flourished mood at the time was alienation, and disconnection used fragments, stream of consciousness and internal dialogue to create unique style

question

Harlem Renaissance Writers

answer

Langston HUGHES: theme -separate and distinct black identity Zora Neal HURSTON: Their Eyes Were Watching God Claude McKay: from jamaica, wrote in elizabethan sonnet form, advocated violent resistance to violence

question

20th century + (LIT ELEM)

answer

blurring of lines between reality and fantasy and nonfiction typically don't have heros/anti heros themes: individual in isolation, humorless, unemotional

question

Conrad AIKEN

answer

20th century + poet, essayist, novelist, critic wrote "Silent Snow, Secret Snow"

question

Ray BRADBURY

answer

20th century + scifi writer Fahrenheit 451 (guy whose job is to burn books begins stealing books and has to run for his life) and The Martian Cronicles

question

Shirley JACKSON

answer

20th century + wrote The Lottery to shock the population that was becoming desensitized to brutality and violence (alive during WW2)

question

Arthur MILLER

answer

20th century + playwrite wrote The Crucible

question

J.D. SALINGER

answer

20th century + fought in WW2 and it affected him emotionally wrote The Catcher in the Rye which became a symbol for disaffected youth

question

Kurt VONNEGUT

answer

20th century + satirist, solider and prisoner in WW2 wrote Slaughterhouse Five believed in the value and dignity of all humans

question

Maya ANGELOU

answer

African American Literature main characters are strong black women wrote "I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings"

question

James BALDWIN

answer

African American Literature themes: struggles of growing up poor in racist society wrote "Go Tell it on the Mountain"

question

Gwendolyn BROOKS

answer

African American Literature poet "We Real Cool" won Pulitzer

question

Ralph ELLISON

answer

African American Literature "The Invisible Man" theme = society willfully ignores blacks

question

Toni MORRISON

answer

African American Literature won Nobel for Lit wrote about horrors of slaver and stuggles of African Americans after being freed

question

Alice WALKER

answer

African American Literature wrote "The Color Purple" theme: poor oppressed black women of the early 1900s

question

Richard WRIGHT

answer

African American Literature first black author to achieve fame and fortune wrote autobiography "Black Boy"

question

Amy TAN

answer

Asian American Literature wrote story of her mother who escaped chineese civil war

question

Saul BELLOW

answer

Jewish American Literature wrote about urban Jews struggling to find spirituality and comfort in a racist society

question

Bernard MALAMUD

answer

Jewish American Literature wrote myths and parables

question

Elie WIESEL

answer

Jewish American Literature wrote "Night" themes: holocost, racism, hatred, genocide, Judaism

question

Julia ALVAREZ

answer

Latina-American Literature wrote about difficulties of learning american conversational english in school and being called derogatory names

question

Louise ERDIRCH

answer

American Indian Literature Chippewa wrote "Love Medicine"

question

N.Scott Momaday

answer

American Indian Literature

MTEL General Curriculum: American Literature – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards