Italian Grammar Chapter 11: Uses of ‘ne’ & ‘ci’ Double Pronouns Imperative of ‘tu noi ; voi’ – Flashcards
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What 2 phrases does the pronoun "ne" replace? p. 221 Does Luigi talk about his friends? Sure he talks about them all the time. Are you afraid of mice? Yes, I'm afraid of them. Do you need to go grocery shopping? No, I don't need to.
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The pronoun "ne" replaces: 1. di (of, about) + noun phrase, 2. di + infinitive following such expressions as "avere bisogno di", "avere paura di", and "avere voglia di". Luigi parla degli amici? Certo, ne parla sempre. Hai paura dei topi? Sì, ne ho paura. Hai bisogno di fare la spesa? No, non ne ho bisogno.
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Ne corresponds to WHAT in English when it replaces a noun used in the partitive sense (with or without the partitive article, del, della, and so on). p. 221 Do you have any Parmesan cheese Yes, I have some. Will you buy some lamb? No, I won't buy any.
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Ne corresponds to SOME or ANY. Ha del parmigiano? Sì, ne ho. Compri dell' agnello? No, non ne compro.
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What else does "ne" replace? p. 222 And when "ne" replaces the above what does it express? How much pasta do you (all) eat? (We eat a lot of pasta!) We eat a lot of it. How many brothers do you have? (I have three brothers.) I have three (of them). My parents have a lot of cars. How many (of them) do they have? They have five (of them)! The phrases "of it" and "of them" are optional in English, but "ne" must be used in Italian. X
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"Ne" also replaces nouns accompanied by a number or an expression of quantity, such as quanto, molto, troppo, un chilo di and un litro di. Ne then expresses "of it, of them". Quanta pasta mangiate? (Mangiamo molta pasta!) Ne mangiamo molta! Quanti fratelli hai? (Ho tre fratelli.) Ne ho tre. I miei genitori hanno molte macchine. Quante ne hanno? Ne hanno cinque! X
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Like other object pronouns, where does "ne" occur in a sentence? p. 222 Why do you always talk about fashion? I always talk about it because I like to talk about it.
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Like other object pronouns, "ne" precedes the conjugated verb or is attached to the end of an infinitive. Perché parli sempre di moda? Ne parlo sempre perché mi piace parlarne.
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When "ne" is used with an expression of quantity, what agreement must there be? p. 222 How many pizzas did you (all) order? We ordered four. When "ne" replaces expressions meaning WHAT, however, there is no agreement. We talked about the stores; we talked about them.
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When ne is used with an expression of quantity, the past participle must agree in gender and number with the expression "ne" is replacing. Quante pizze avete ordinato? Ne abbiamo ordinate quattro. When "ne" replaces expressions meaning OF or ABOUT, however, there is no agreement. Abbiamo parlato dei negozi; ne abbiamo parlato.
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What 3 things does "ci" replace? p. 223 Are you going to the market? No, I'm not going (there) today. Are you (all) going to Italy this summer? Yes, we are going (there) in June. Is Maria going to the Milkman's today? Yes, she's going (there) to buy yogurt. When do you (all) go grocery shopping? We go (to do it) on Saturday afternoons.
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"Ci" replaces: 1. Nouns referring to places preceded by "a" or "in", 2. "da" + person, In the above 2 constructions, the English equivalent of "ci" is "there" or "here". 3. "ci" also replaces a + infinitive. Vai al mercato? No, non ci vado oggi. Andate in Italia quest'estate? Sì, ci andiamo in giugno. Maria va dal lattaio oggi? Sì, ci va per comprare lo yogurt. Quando andate a fare la spesa? Ci andiamo il sabato pomeriggio. X
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What else can "ci" replace? p. 224 Do you believe in UFOs? Yes, I believe in them. Do you (all) think about inflation? No, we don't (think about it).
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"ci" can also replace "a" + noun (referring to things and ideas) in expressions such as "credere a + noun" (to believe in something) and "pensare a + noun (to think about something). Lei crede agli UFO? Sì, ci credo. Pensate al l'inflazione? No, non ci pensiamo.
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"Ci" follows the placement rules for WHAT? p. 224 They invited me to that party, but I'm not going (there). I don't feel like going (there)!
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"Ci" follows the rules for placement of object pronouns. Mi hanno invitato a quella festa, ma non ci vado. Non ho voglia di andarci!
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What are the three rules to form a double object pronoun? p. 226
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Use indirect and direct objects together as follows: 1. The indirect object pronoun precedes the direct object pronoun or "ne". 2. The indirect object pronouns "mi, ti, ci and vi" change the final i to an e. 3. The indirect object pronouns "gli, Gli, le, and Le" become "glie" and combined with the direct object pronoun or "ne" to form one word. All other double object pronouns are two separate words.
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If there is an infinitive in the sentence where do double object pronouns occur in the sentence? p. 227 The belt? I'm not going to sell it to you; I prefer to give it to you. The jacket? I'm not going to sell it to them; I prefer to give it to them. What happens to the double object pronoun when the infinitive is preceded by dovere, potere, or volere? I want to introduce a friend to you. I want to introduce her to you. X
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Like single pronouns, double object pronouns attached to the infinitive to form one word. La cintura? Non te la vendo, preferisco regalartela! La giacca? Non gliela vendo, preferisco regalargliela. When the infinitive is preceded by dovere, potere, or volere, The pronouns may attach to the infinitive or proceed to conjugate a verb. Ti voglio presentare un'amica. Voglio presentartela. / Te la voglio presentare. X
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When the verb is in the past or other compound tense what agreement occurs? p. 227 Did you buy the gloves for Julia? Did you buy them for Julia? Did you buy them for her? Did you get two pencils for Maria? Did you get two of them for Maria? Did you get her two of them?
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When the verb is in the past tense or another compound tense, the past participle agrees in gender and number with the preceding direct object pronoun, even when it is combined with an indirect object pronoun. Hai comprato i guanti a Giulia? Li hai comprati a Giulia? Glieli hai comprati? Hai preso due matite per Maria? Ne hai prese due per Maria? Gliene hai prese due?
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Reflexive pronouns can also combined with direct object pronouns. What are the differences? p. 227 I put my shoes on. I put them on. Mauro puts his tie on. He puts it on. He has to put it on. What agreement is there with the combined reflexive double object pronouns? Anna, did you put your hat on? Did you put it on? X
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The reflexive pronoun forms are identical to indirect object pronoun combination with the exception of the third person singular and plural forms: se lo, se la, se li, se le and se ne. Mi metto le scarpe. Me le metto. Mauro si mette una cravatta. Se la mette. Deve mettersela. The past participle agrees in gender and number with the direct object pronoun: Anna, ti sei messa il cappello? Te lo sei messo? X
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What happens to the word "ci" when combined with direct object pronouns? p. 227 Do you put lemon in your tea? Yes, I put it there (in it). Did you (all) leave your keys at home? No we didn't leave them there.
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When combined with direct object pronouns "ci" changes to "ce". Metti il limone nel te'? Sì, ce lo metto. Avete lasciato le chiavi a casa? No, non ce le abbiamo lasciate.
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What is the imperative used for? p.229 What are the affirmative imperative forms for tu, noi & voi identical to? Note that the noi imperative forms correspond to the English "lets": Andiamo! (Let's go!)
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The imperative is used to give orders, advice, and expectations: be good, stay home, let's go. They are identical to the present tense forms, with the exception: the tu imperative of regular -are verbs end in "a". ............lavorare ..... scrivere ....dormire ....... finire (tu) ...LavorA! ...... Scrivi! .........Dormi .......... Finisci! (noi) Lavoriamo! Scriviamo! Dormiamo! Finiamo! (voi) .Lavorate! ... Scrivete! .. Dormite! .... Finite! Xx
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How is negative tu form in the negative imperative formed? p. 229 (You) Don't work! (You) Don't write! How are negative noi & voi forms in the negative imperative formed? (We) don't work! (You all) don't write! Pay cash, Luciano! Don't pay with a check! Let's leave today! Let's not leave tomorrow! Run, guys! Don't run, guys!
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The negative imperative for "tu" in all conjugations is formed with non + infinitive. Non lavorare! Non scrivere! The negative noi & voi forms are identical to those in the affirmative preceded by "non". Non lavoriamo! Non scrivete! Paga in contanti, Luciano! Non pagare con un assegno! Partiamo oggi! Non partiamo domani! Correte, ragazzi! Non correte, ragazzi!
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The verbs avere & essere have irregular imperative forms. p. 229 Be patient! (lit. Have patience!) Be ready at eight!
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.............avere ...........essere (tu)......abbi...............sii (noi).. abbiamo......siamo (voi)....abbiate....... siate Abbi pazienza! Siate pronti alle otto!
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FOR: Andare, Dare, Fare & Stare Andare, dare, fare & stare have irregular tu imperatives that are frequently use instead of the present tense form. State the following: p. 229 andare: ? or ? Go open the door! dare: ? or ? Give Luca a hand! fare: ? or ? Have breakfast! stare: ? or ? Be quite a moment! Dire has how many imperative tu forms and what are they? Tell the truth! How is the negative imperative for tu formed? Don't stay at home! Don't tell lies! Don't go away now! Don't make these errors! Don't give a party tonight!
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FOR: Andare, Dare, Fare & Stare andare: va' or vai .... Va' (Vai) ad aprire la porta! dare: da' or dai .... Da' (Dai) una mano a Luca fare: fa' or fai .... Fa' (Fai) colazione! stare: sta' or stai .... Sta' (Stai) zitta un momento! Dire has only one imperative tu form in the affirmative: di' Di la verità! The negative imperative for tu is formed with non + infinitive. Non stare a casa! Non dire bugie! Non andare via adesso! Non fare questi errori! Non dare una festa stasera!
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Where do object and reflexive pronouns occur when used with the affirmative imperative? p. 230 Marco, get up right now and get dressed! If you see Cinzia, invite her! The newspaper? Yes, but for me! When object and reflexive pronouns are used with the affirmative imperative what happens to the stressed syllable in the verb? Dress yourself! Buy it for me! Don't answer him!
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Object and reflexive pronouns, when used with the affirmative imperative attached to the end of the verb to form one word. Marco, alzati subito e vestiti! Se vedete Cinzia, invitatela! Il giornale? Sì, compramelo! When object and reflexive pronouns are used with the affirmative imperative and attached to the end of the verb the stressed syllable remains the same. VEstiti! comPRARmelo! Non risPONdergli!
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Where do pronouns occur relative to the verb in the negative imperative? p. 230 Does Ivan want pastries? Don't give them to him!
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Pronouns usually follow the verb but they may precede the verb in the negative imperative. Ivano vuole le paste? Non dargliele (Non gliele dare)!
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When a pronoun is attached to the short forms of the tu imperative of andare, dare, dire, fare & stare, how is the word changed? p. 230 Give me a favor! Do it for me! Tell her the truth! Tell it to her! They've invited you to their house and you don't want to go (there)? Go (there)!
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When a pronoun is attached to the short forms of the tu imperative of andare, dare, dire, fare & stare the apostrophe disappears and the first consonant of the pronoun is doubled, except in the case gli. Fammi un favore! Fammelo! Dille la verità! Digliela! Ti hanno invitato a casa loro e non ci vuoi andare? Vacci!
