Ape Hug Vocab Chp 4-6 mrs glos – Flashcards
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| Assimilate |
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| to take in and utilize as nourishment |
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| custom |
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| law or rule in different country |
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| cultural appropriation |
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| adoption of some specific elements of one culture by a different cultural group |
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| neolocalism |
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| residential pattern where a newly married couple lives independently in anew location |
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| Ethnic neighborhood |
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| neighborhood, district, or suburb which retains some cultural distinction from a larger, surrounding area |
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| commodification |
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| transformation of goods and services into a commodity |
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| Authenticity |
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| truthfulness of origins |
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| distance decay |
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| the effect of distance on cultural or spatial interactions |
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| Time space compression |
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| processes that seem to accelerate the experience of time and reduce the significance of distance during a given historical moment. |
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| reterritorialization |
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| restructuring of a place or territory that has experienced deterritorialization |
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| cultural landscape |
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| properties uniquely representing the combined work of nature and of man |
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| placelessness |
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| lacking a fixed location |
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| global local continuum |
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| divide up the world into a number of different scales |
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| glocalization |
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| different word for globalization and localization. |
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| folk housing regions |
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| regions that contain houses built for cultural purposes |
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| diffusion routes |
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| the spatial trajectory through which cultural traits or other phenomena spread |
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| culture |
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| human knowledge, belief, and behavior that depends upon the capacity for symbolic thought and social learning |
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| folk culture |
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| lifestyle of a culture |
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| popular culture |
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| ideas of a given culture |
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| local culture |
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| community built to human scale preserves itself and its place |
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| material culture |
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| physical objects people have about their culture |
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| non material culture |
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| nonphysical ideas people have about their culture |
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| heirarchical diffusion |
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| form of diffusion in which an idea spreads by trickling down from larger to smaller adoption units |
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| hearth |
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| distinctive set of culture traits, ideas and technologies develops and from which there is diffusion of those characteristic |
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| Animism |
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| Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life. |
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| Autonomous religion |
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| Autonomous religion |
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| Branch |
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| A large and fundamental division within a religion. |
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| Caste |
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| The class of distinct hereditary order into which a Hindu is assigned according to religious law. |
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| Cosmogony |
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| set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe. |
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| Denomination |
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| A division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body. |
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| Diocese |
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| The basic unit of geographic organization in the Roman Catholic Church. |
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| Ethnic religion |
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| A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated. |
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| Fundamentalism |
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| Literal interpretation and strict adherence to basic principles of a religion |
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| Ghetto |
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| During the Middle Ages, a neighborhood in a city set up by law to be inhabited only by Jews; now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority live because of social, legal, or economic pressure. |
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| Hierarchical religion |
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| A religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control. |
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| Missionary |
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| An individual who helps to diffuse a universalizing religion. |
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| Monotheism |
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| The doctrine or belief of the existence of only one god. |
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| Pagan |
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| A follower of a polytheistic religion in ancient times. |
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| Pilgrimage |
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| A journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes. |
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| Polytheism |
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| Belief in or worship of more than one god. |
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| Sect |
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| A relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination. |
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| Universalizing religion |
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| A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location. |
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| Interfaith boundary |
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| The boundaries between the world’s major faiths. |
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| Intrafaith boundary |
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| The boundaries within a major religion. |
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| Religion |
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| The service and worship of God or the supernatural. |
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| Secularism |
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| A doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations. |
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| Shamanism |
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| Form of a tribal religion that involved community acceptance of a shaman, a religious leader, healer, and worker of magic who, through special powers, can intercede with and interpret the spirit world. |
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| Zionism |
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| A worldwide movement, originating in the 19th century that sought to establish and develop a Jewish nation in Palestine. Since 1948, its function has been to support the state of Israel. |
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| Shintoism |
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| Japans main religion, believes in two major gods |
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| Confucianism |
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| chinese teachings of confucius |
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| Protestant |
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| one of 4 major branches of christianity |
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| Shi'ite |
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| region of middle east where major religion is Shi'a |
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| Sacred sites |
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| sacred places in a religion |
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| Religious Extremism |
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| When a person is at on with a religion |
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| Hinduism |
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| major religion of India |
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| Taoism |
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| variety of related topics such as philosophical and religious traditions and concepts that have influenced East Asia for over two millennia and the West for over two centuries |
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| Judaism |
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| a set of beliefs and practices originating in the Hebrew Bible |
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| Christianity |
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| a set of beliefs and practices originating from the bible |
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| islam |
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| the religion articulated by the Qur’an |
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| Minarets |
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| architectural features of Islamic mosques |
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| Shari'a laws |
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| rules that islamic people should follow |
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| Jihad |
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| religious duty of Muslims |
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| Buddhism |
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| set of beliefs and practices from Buddha |
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| Feng Shui |
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| ancient Chinese system of aesthetics believed to use the laws of both Heaven and Earth to help one improve life by receiving positive qi. |
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| Disapora |
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| several forced expulsions of Israelites from what is now the states of Israel |
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| Eastern orthodox church |
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| world's second largest Christian communion |
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| Sunni |
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| largest branch of Islam |
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| Roman Catholic Church |
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| world's largest Christian church |
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| Hajj |
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| pilgrimage to Mecca |
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| Genocide |
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| systematic destruction, in whole or in part, of an ethnic, racial, religious, or national group |
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| Religious Fundamentalism |
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| belief in a strict adherence to a set of basic principles |
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| Language |
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| What a place speaks |
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| standard language |
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| particular variety of a language that has been given either legal status |
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| Dialects |
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| variety of a language that is characteristic of a particular group of the language's speakers |
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| Isogloss |
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| specific type of language border |
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| Mutual intelligibility |
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| relationship between languages in which speakers of different but related languages can readily understand each other without intentional study or extraordinary effort |
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| Dialect chains |
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| range of dialects spoken across a large geographical area, differing only slightly between areas that are geographically close |
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| Language Families |
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| group of languages related by descent from a common ancestor |
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| Subfamilies |
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| major division of a language family |
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| Sound shift |
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| a systematic change over time in the pronunciation of a set of sounds in a language |
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| Proto-Indo-European |
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| unattested, reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European languages |
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| Backward reconstruction |
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| techinique ued to track sound shifts back towards the original language |
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| Extinct Language |
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| Language that is used no more |
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| Deep Reconstruction |
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| Technique using the vocabulary of an extinct language to recreate the language that proceeded the extinct language |
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| Nostratic |
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| proposed language family that includes many of the indigenous language families of Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America |
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| Language Divergence |
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| 2 languages spliting apart |
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| Language Convergence |
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| 2 languages combining |
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| Renfrew hypothesis |
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| dispersal of Proto-Indo-Europeans originated in Neolithic Anatolia |
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| Conquest theory |
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| idea that the proto-indo-european language family was spread through the conquest of neighboring states, and as they were conquered they adopted the conquering state's language |
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| Dispersal Hypothesis |
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| how languages disperse |
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| Romance languages |
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| branch of the Indo-European language family comprising all the languages that descend from Latin |
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| Germanic Language |
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| group of related languages that constitute a branch of the Indo-European language family. coming from Germany |
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| Slavic Languages |
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| group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup of Indo-European languages |
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| Lingua Franca |
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| language systematically used to communicate between persons not sharing a mother tongue |
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| Pidgin Language |
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| simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common |
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| Creole Language |
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| stable language that originated from a mixture of various languages |
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| Monolingual States |
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| places that only speak one language |
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| Multilingual states |
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| places that speak more than one language |
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| Official Language |
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| language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other territory |
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| Global Language |
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| Language spoken in many parts of the world: English |
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| Place |
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| a specific region |
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| toponym |
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| name of a place |
