AP Human Geo Chapter 1 – Flashcards
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| Globalization |
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the scale of the world is shrinking
ex: McDonalds is eveywhere and is uniform |
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| Map |
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| a twp dimensional (flat-scale) model of the Earth's surface, or a portion of it. |
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| Place |
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| a specif point on earth distinguished by a specific characteristic |
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| Region |
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| An area of Earth distgunished combo of cultural and physical features |
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| Scale |
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Portion of the Earth being studied and Earth as a whole.
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| Space |
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| the physical gap or inetrval between to objects |
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| Connections |
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| realtionships among people and objects across the barrier of space |
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| Cartography |
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| Mapmaking |
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| Projection |
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| transfering loactions of Earth's surface to a flat map |
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| Land Ordinance of 1785 |
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| law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to make selling land easier for settlers |
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| Township |
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| a square 6 miles on each side |
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| Principal Meridians |
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| A north - south line separating townships |
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| Base lines |
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east-west lines are designated
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| Section |
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a square (1 mile on each side) inside a township 36 sections in each township |
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GIS (geographic information system) |
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| A computer system that store, organizes, analyzes, and displays geographic data. |
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| Remote Sensing |
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| getting data about Earth's surface from a satellite |
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GPS (Global Positioning System) |
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| system that accurtaely determines the precise position of something on Earth. |
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| Toponym |
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| name given to a place on Earth |
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| Site |
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phyiscal chatacter of a place
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| Situation |
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| location of a plce relative to other places |
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| Meridian |
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| arc drawn between the North and South poles |
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| Parallel |
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| circle drawn around the glove parallel to the equator and at right angles to meridians |
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| Longitude |
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| the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian |
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| Prime Meridian |
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| he meridian designated as 0 degrees longitude, that passes through Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England |
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| Latitude |
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| the numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and southof the equator |
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| Greenwhich Mean Time |
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| timezone at the prime iridian |
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| International Date Line |
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| an arc that for the most posst part follow s 180 degrees longitude. Crossinf east the clock moves back 24 houras, when go west the calender moves ahead one day |
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| Agricultural Density |
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| the ratio of farmers to the total amount of land sutiable for farming |
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| Arithemtic Density |
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| total number of people divded by total land area |
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| Contagious Diffusion |
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| the fast and widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population |
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| Cultural Ecology |
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| geographic approach that emphasizes human - enviroment relationships |
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| Cultural landscape |
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| fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group |
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| Culture |
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| customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that constitute a group of people's distinct tradition. |
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| Density |
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| the frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area |
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| Diffusion |
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| the process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time |
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| Distance Decay |
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| the diminishing importance of a phenomenon with distance from origin |
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| Distribution |
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| arrangement of somethingacross Earth's surface |
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| Environmental determinism |
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| 19th - early 20th century approach that says that the general laws that human geographers can be found in physical scincea. |
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| Expansion Diffusion |
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| the spreadof a feature or tend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process |
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| Formal Region |
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| an area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctiive characteristics |
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| Functional Region |
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an area organize around a node or focal point ; |
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| Hearth |
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| a region from which innovative ideas originate |
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| Hierarchical Diffusion |
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| spread of a feature or tend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places. |
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| Pattern |
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| The geometric or regular arrangement of something in a study area |
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| Mental Map |
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| An internal map of a place based on personal impressions of the things in it and around it. |
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| Physiolocigcal Density |
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| number of people per unit of arable land |
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| Polder |
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| land created created bvy the dutch by draining water from the area |
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| Possibilism; |
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| Humans can alter environment to suffice their needs |
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| Regional Studies |
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| An approach to geography that emphasizes the relationship among social or physical phenomena in a particular study area |
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| Relocation Diffusion |
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| The spread of a feature or a trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another. |
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| Resource |
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| something people can use |
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| Space-time compression |
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| the reduction of the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place |
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| Stimulus Diffusion |
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| the spread of an underlying principal, even though a specific characteristic is rejected |
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| Transnational Corporation |
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| A company that conducts research, operates factories and sells products in many countries |
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| Uneven Develpment |
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| The increasing ap in the economic conditions between core and peripheral regions as a result of the globaliztion of the economy |
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| Vernacular Region |
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| An area that people believe exists as a part of their culturaal identity |
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| Location |
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| The position of anything on the earth's surface |
