fungal mycoses – Flashcards
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| Which fungal infections are characterized by a splendore hoeppli asteroid body? |
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| sporotrichosis, coccioidomycoses, aspergillosis, candidiasis, mycetoma |
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| What subcutaneous mycosis can also present as plaques? |
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| phaeohyphomycoses |
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| What type of fungi is likely to cause systemic mycosis? |
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| Thermally dimorphic fungi, among others |
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| Where is blastomyces usually found (in environment)? |
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| Dead/decaying organic matter/leaf litter |
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| What is the only yeast w/ broad based buds? |
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| blastomyces |
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| Does blastomyces spread person-person? |
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| NOOOOOOO!!!!!! thermal dimorphs usually don't - they're often in a granuloma and not terribly transmissible |
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| Blastomycosis symptoms? |
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| 1ary: flu-like, with patchy lobar infiltrates chronic: TB-like 2ary: systemic-> liver, spleen, prostate, UG, brain |
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| Which of the coccidioides is found only in Cali? |
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| C. immitis |
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| Which fungi is characterized by spherules filled with endospores? |
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| Coccidioides |
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| What environments are associated with h. capsulatum? |
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| Bird/bat guano enriched soils, old buildings, bird roosts, caves |
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| What are symptoms of disseminated histoplasmosis? |
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| Weight loss, fatigue, oropharyngeal ulcers, hepatosplenomegaly, bone marrow lesions, adrenal insufficiency, meningitis: REALLY SERIOUS, though acute histoplasmosis is self-limiting + flu-like |
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| Which h. capsulatum should you use serum tests to diagnose? Culture? |
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| For non-disseminated, use serum; for invasive, use culture |
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| Which thermally dimorphic yeast will you always find intracellularly in the yeast form? |
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| H. capsulatum |
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| What is the only intracellular thermal dimorph? |
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| H. capsulatum |
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| What is the main thermal dimorph of s. america? |
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| Parracoccidioides |
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| Which fungi are resistant to voricanazole? |
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| Zygomycota (mucor, rhizopus), Sporothrix schenckii, paracoccidioides, Candida glabrata, cryptococcus |
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| Candida transmission? |
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| Part of normal flora - endogenous infection (overgrowth of flora -> infection) possible. Also exogenous, either from contaminated object or from a person. |
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| What is the most common infective Candida sp.? |
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| C. albicans |
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| What is the most common disease involving the CNS? |
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| Cryptococcus |
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| What sort of soil is particularly likely to harbor cryptococcus? |
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| Enriched by pigeon droppings |
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| What are 3 characteristics of cryptococcus that distinguishes it from other yeasts? |
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| 1) melanin production (-> birdseed/niger) 2) variable size 3) capsule |
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| What is a particularly angioinvasive opportunistic fungus? |
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| zygomycosas |
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| What is the most common opportunistic pathogen of AIDS patients with low CD4? |
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| Pneumocystis |
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| What are characteristic morphologies of pneumocystis? |
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| cysts, trophozoites, sporocysts - NO BUDDING (cannot be cultured) |
