Architecture Vocabulary Test Questions – Flashcards
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Plan
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The diagram of the horizontal arrangement of spaces in a building or the horizontal section of any part of a building.
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Elevation
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The diagram on a vertical arrangement of exterior or interior walls.
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Section
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Representation of a building that is cut by a vertical plane.
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Doric Column
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oldest and simplest of the three orders of classical Greek architecture
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Ionic Column
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an order of classical Greek architecture, recognized by volutes on the capital
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Corinthian Column
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most ornate of the three orders of classical Greek architecture
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Composite Column
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a modified Corinthian style of architecture (a combination of Corinthian and Ionic)
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Tuscan Column
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a classical order similar to Roman Doric, simplistic
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Capital
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the upper part of a column that supports the entablature
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Entablature
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(architecture) the structure consisting of the part of a classical temple above the columns between a capital and the roof
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Cornice
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a molding at the corner between the ceiling and the top of a wall
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Portico
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a porch or entrance to a building consisting of a covered and often columned area
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Arcade
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a structure composed of a series of arches supported by columns
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Arch
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(architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above it
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Dome
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a hemispherical roof
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Pediment
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a triangular gable between a horizontal entablature and a sloping roof
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Pedestal
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an architectural support or base (as for a column or statue)
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Fluted column
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(architeture) a tall cylindrical vertical upright and used to support a structure
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Buttress
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a support usually of stone or brick
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Finial
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an ornament at the top of a spire or gable
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lintel
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horizontal beam used as a finishing piece over a door or window
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molding
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a decorative strip used for ornamentation or finishing
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parapet
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a low wall along the edge of a roof or balcony
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ogee arch
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(architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above it
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Pointed Arch
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(architecture) a masonry construction (usually curved) for spanning an opening and supporting the weight above it
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Pier
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(architecture) a vertical supporting structure (as a portion of wall between two doors or windows)
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Pilaster
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a rectangular column that usually projects about a third of its width from the wall to which it is attached
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Groin vault
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A groin vault or groined vault (also sometimes known as a double barrel vault or cross vault) is produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults.
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Nave
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the central area of a church
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Aisle
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part of a church divided laterally from the nave proper by rows of pillars or columns
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Clerestory
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part of an interior wall rising above the adjacent roof with windows admitting light
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Post and lintel
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Post and lintel, "prop and lintel" or "trabeated" is a simple construction method using a lintel, header, or architrave as the horizontal member over a building void supported at its ends by two vertical columns, pillars, or posts.
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Engaged column
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a column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall
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Building Program
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the written or oral statement of the needs a building satisfies
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Barrel Vault
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cylindrical roof vault
