Chapter-11: The First World War – Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Nationalism
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a devotion to the interests and culture of one's nation
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Militarism
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the policy of building up armed forces in aggressive preparedness for war and their use as a tool of diplomacy
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Allies
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group of nations originally consisting of Great Britain, France, and Russia and later joined by the United States.
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Central Powers
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group of nations led by Germany, Austria-Hungry, and the Ottoman Empire that opposed the Allies in World War I.
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Archduke Franz Ferdinand
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heir to the Austria throne
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No man's land
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an unoccupied region between opposing armies.
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Trench Warfare
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military operations in which the opposing forces attack and counterattack from systems of fortified ditches rather than on an opened battlefied
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Lusitania
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a British passenger ship that was sunk by a German U-boats in 1915
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Zimmerman Note
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a message sent in 1917 by the German foreign minister to the German ambassador in Mexico, proposing a German-Mexican alliance and promising to help Mexico regain Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona if the United States entered WWI.
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Eddie Rickenbacker
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famous fighter pilot of World War I.
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Selective Service Act
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a law, enacted in 1917, that required men to register for military service
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Convoy System
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the protection of merchant ships form U-boat-German submarine-attacks by having the ships travel in large groups escorted by warships.
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American Expeditionary Force
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the U.S. Force , led by General John Pershing, who fought with the Allies in Europe during WWI.
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General John J. Pershing
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the leader of the American Expeditionary Force
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Alvin York
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America's Greatest War Heroes
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Conscientious Objector
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a person who refuses, on moral grounds, to participate in warfare
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Armistice
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a truce, or agreement to end an armed conflict
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War Industries Board
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an agency established during WWI to increase efficiency and discourage waste in war-related industries
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Bernard M. Baruch
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a prosperous businessman
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Propaganda
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a kind of biased communication designed to influence people's thoughts and actions
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George Creel
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a former muckraking journalist
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Espionage and Sedition Acts
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two laws, enacted in 1917, and 1918, that imposed harsh penalties on anyone interfering with or speaking against U.S. participation in WWI.
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Great Migration
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the large-scale movement of African Americans from the South to Northern Cities in the early 20th Century
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Fourteen Points
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the principles making up President Woodrow Wilson's plan for world peace following WWI.
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League of Nations
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an association of nations established in 1920 to promote international cooperation and peace.
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Georges Clemenceau
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a french premier, had lived through two german invasions of france
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David Lloyad George
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the british prime minister
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Treaty of Versailles
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the 1919 peace treaty at the end of World War I which established new nations, borders, and war reparations.
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Reparations
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the compensation paid by a defeated nation for the damage or injury it inflicted during a war.
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War-guilt Clause
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a provision in the Treaty of Versailles by which Germany acknowledge that it alone was responsible for World War I.
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Henry Cabot Lodge
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Conservative senators, were suspicious of the provision for joint economic and military action against aggression.
