reproductive system vocabulary – Flashcards
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amenorrhea
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absence or suppression of normal menstrual flow
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areola
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small circular area such as that around the human nipple
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artifical insemination
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process of placing semen into opening of cervix using either husband or donor sperm,
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Bartholin's glands
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Glands located on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete mucus for vaginal lubrication.
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benign prostatic hypertrophy
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Enlargement of the prostate causing the inability to empty the bladder completely
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breast
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either of two soft fleshy milk-secreting glandular organs on the chest of a woman
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bulbourethral gland
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Secretes a clear mucus before ejaculation that neutralizes acidic urine remaining in the urethra
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cervix
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the opening to the uterus
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chlamydia
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a sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria of the genus Chlamydia
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circumcision
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surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis
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clitoris
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organ of sensitive erectile tissue anterior to the opening of the female urethra
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coitus
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the act of sexual procreation between a man and a woman
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corona radiata
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the egg is surrounded by these follicle cells called..
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corpus luteum
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endocrine tissue which produces hormones, estrogen, and progesterone which prepares the uterine lining for receiving an embryo
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cryptorchidism
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failure of one or both testes to move into the scrotum as the male fetus develops
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ductus deferens
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a duct that carries spermatozoa from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducdysmenorrhea
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dysmenorrehea
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painful menstrual flow
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ectopic pregnancy
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A pregnancy outside of the womb, usually in a fallopian tube
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ejaculatory duct
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duct formed by the union of the vas deferens with the duct of the seminal vesicle; its fluid is carried into the urethra
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endometriosis
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the presence of endometrium elsewhere than in the lining of the uterus
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endometrium
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(pregnancy) the mucous membrane that lines the uterus
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epididymis
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structure in the male reproductive system in which sperm fully mature and are stored
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epididymitis
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painful inflammation of the epididymis
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episiotomy
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surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vagina and so facilitate delivery during childbirth
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estrogen
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a general term for female steroid sex hormones that are secreted by the ovary and responsible for typical female sexual characteristics
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fallopian tube
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one of two fluid-filled tubes in human females through which an egg passes after its release from an ovary
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fertilization
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process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
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fibroid tumors
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benign muscle tumors in the uterus
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fimbriae
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finger or fringe like projections at the end of the fallopian tubes
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foreskin
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a fold of skin covering the tip of the penis
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fundus
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part farthest from opening of an organ
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gamete
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specialized cell involved in sexual reproduction
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genital herpes
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an infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) that is usually transmitted by sexual contact
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genital warts
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human papillomanirus sexullay transmitted disease
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glans penis
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the conical mass of erectile tissue that forms the head of the penis
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gonorrhea
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inflammation of the genital tract mucous membranes, caused by infection with gonococci
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graafian follicle
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a follicle in the ovary which stores the immatur ova
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hymen
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Mucous membrane partially or completely covering the opening to the vagina
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hysterectomy
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surgical removal of the uterus
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impotence
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inability to sustain an erection
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in vitro fertilization
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the union of sperm and egg in an artificial setting, usually in a laboratory
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infertility
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incapable or reproduction
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labia minora
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two thin folds of skin within the folds of the labia majora
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labia majora
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the folda of skin that lie on either side of the vaginal opening
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laparoscope
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instrument used for visual examination of the abdominal cavity
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laparoscopy
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laparotomy performed with a laparoscope that makes a small incision to examine the abdominal cavity (especially the ovaries and Fallopian tubes)
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lumpectomy
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excision of a breast tumor without removing any other tissue or lymph nodes
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mammogram
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X-ray film of the soft tissue of the breast
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mastectomy
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surgical removal of a breast
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meiosos
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cell division that produces sex cells
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menarche
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the first menstrual period
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menopause
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the time in a woman's life in which the menstrual cycle ends
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menstrual cycle
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a recurring cycle (beginning at menarche and ending at menopause) in which the endometrial lining of the uterus prepares for pregnancy
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menstruation
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the shedding of the uterine lining
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mons pubis
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a mound of fatty tissue covering the pubic area in women
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myometrium
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muscular middle layer of the uterus
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oogensis
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process of origin,growth, and formation of ovum in ovary during preparation for fertilization
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orchitis
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inflammation of the testicles
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ova
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a female reproductive cell
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ovary
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(vertebrates) one of usually two organs that produce ova and secrete estrogen and progesterone
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oviduct
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fallopian tube
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ovulation
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The process by which a mature egg is released from the ovaries into the fallopian tubes.
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Papanicolaou (Pap) smear
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Is a diagnostic lab test for detecting the absence or presence of infection, viruses, trauma, or cancer.
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pelvic inflammatory disease(PID)
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inflammation of the female pelvic organs that can be caused by many different pathogens
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penile shaft
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erectile tissue that becomes rigid during intercourse
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penis
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male reproductive organ
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perineum
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area between the rectum and vagina
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premenstrual syndrome(PMS)
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a group of symptoms exhibited just prior to the menstrual cycle caused by water retention in body tissue
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progesterone
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A hormone produced by the ovaries which acts with estrogen to bring about the menstral cycle.
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prostate gland
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exocrine gland, in men, at the base of the urinary bladder that secretes the fluid part of semen into the urethra during ejaculation
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prostatectomy
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surgical removal of the prostate
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prostatitis
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inflammation of the prostate gland
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puberty
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period of rapid growth and sexual maturation during which the reproductive system becomes fully functional
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salpingitis
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inflammation of a Fallopian tube (usually the result of infection spreading from the vagina or uterus) or of a Eustachian tube
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scrotum
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the external pouch that contains the testes
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seminal vesicle
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one of two saclike structures behind the bladder and connected to the vas deferens on each side; secretes an alkaline substance into the semen to enable the sperm to live longer
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seminiferous tubule
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one of the many tubules in the testis where sperm are produced they are also twisted
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spermatogenesis
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the production of sperm cells
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spermatozoa
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Male gametes also called sperm.
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sterile
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incapable of reproducing
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syphilis
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a sexually transmitted infectious disease
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testes
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The male gonads, which produce sperm and secrete male sex hormones.
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testosterone
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the most important of the male sex hormones
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toxic shock syndrome
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syndrome resulting from a serious acute (sometimes fatal) infection associated with the presence of staphylococcus
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trichomoniasis
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a common sexually transmitted infection that is caused by the mastigophoran Trichomonas vaginalis; symptons include discolored discharge, genital itching, and an urge to urinate
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uterus
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a hollow muscular organ in the pelvic cavity of females
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vagina
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in the human female reproductive system, a canal that leads from the uterus to the outside of the body
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vas deferens
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tubes that extend from each epididymis to the urethra
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vestibule
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any of various bodily cavities leading to another cavity (as of the ear or vagina)
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vulva
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external genitalia of the female
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yeast infection
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a vaginal infection caused by a fungal organism
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zygote
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organism produced by union of two gametes
