Apush Ch 23 Test Questions – Flashcards
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Second New Deal
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(1935) a new set of programs in the spring of 1935 including additional banking reforms, new tax laws, new relief programs (the 1934-35 programs).Included the WPA, a giant relief agency, and Social Security[6], as well as the NLRA or "Wagner Act" that promoted rapid growth of labor unions.
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National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act 1935
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AKA the Wagner Act of 1935 upheld the right of industrial workers to join a union and established the nonpartisan National Labor Relations Board to further protect workers' rights.
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National Labor Relations Board (NRLB)
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The Wagner Act of 1935 upheld the right of industrial workers to join a union and established the nonpartisan National Labor Relations Board to further protect workers' rights.
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The Social Security act 1935
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The Social Security Act of 1935 provided pensions for most workers in the private sector to be financed by a federal tax that both employers and employees would pay and established a joint federal-state system of unemployment compensation.
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Alfred Landon
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The governor of Kansas, chosen candidate for the Republicans in the campaign of 1936. A moderate who accepted some New Deal Reforms, but not the Social Security Act. His loss to FDR was mainly because he never appealed to the "forgotten man".
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Federal Theater Project
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was a New Deal project to fund theatre and other live artistic performances in the United States during the Great Depression. It was one of five Federal One projects sponsored by the Works Progress Administration (WPA). The FTP's primary goal was employment of out-of-work artists, writers, and directors, with the secondary aim of entertaining poor families and creating relevant art.
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Eleanor Roosevelt
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FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women
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Broker State
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The New Deal created the "Broker State", where different interest groups compete in the national market. The government became a mediator between those interest groups, giving power to those who has enough political and economic power to demand it. One of the limitations of this Broker States was that minority groups were often ignored since they did not have political power.
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US v. Butler (1936)
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The Supreme Court ruled that the processing taxes instituted under the 1933 Agricultural Adjustment Act were unconstitutional. Justice Owen Roberts argued that the tax violated the Tenth Amendment.
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Marian Anderson
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A famous African American concert singer.She performed at the White House by presidential invitation, and performed on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial when the Daughters of the American Revolution refused to let her rent Constitution Hall (Eleanor Roosevelt and several others resigned after this decision).
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Mary McLeod Bethune
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A leader in the struggle for women's and black equality. She founded a school for black students that eventually became Bethune-Cookman University. She also served as an adviser to FDR
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Black Cabinet
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The Black Cabinet was first known as the Federal Council of Negro Affairs, an informal group of African-American public policy advisors to United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was supported by First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt.
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The Federal Art Project
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The Federal Art Project gave work to many young artists who would become the twentieth century's leading painters, muralists, and sculptors, like Jackson Pollock
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Francis Perkins
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Roosevelt's Secretary of Labor and first woman cabinet member in U.S. history.
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Executive order 8802
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Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, prohibiting discrimination in defense jobs or government.
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Indian Reorganization Act (1934)
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Also called Wheeler-Howard Act, (June 18, 1934), measure enacted by the U.S. Congress, aimed at decreasing federal control of American Indian affairs and increasing Indian self-government and responsibility.
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Jelly Roll Morton
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African American pianist, composer, arranger, and band leader from New Orleans; Bridged that gap between the piano styles of ragtime and jazz; Was the first important jazz composer
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John L. Lewis
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Long-time labor leader who organized and led the first important unskilled workers labor union, called in to represent union during sit-down strike
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Immigration Act of 1924
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Also known as the Johnson-Reed Act. Federal law limiting the number of immigrants that could be admitted from any country to 2% of the amount of people from that country who were already living in the U.S. as of the census of 1890.
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Volstead Act
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The Act specified that "no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act." It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors
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George Gershwin
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United States composer who incorporated jazz into classical forms and composed scores for musical comedies (1898-1937)
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Louis Armstrong
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Leading African American jazz musician during the Harlem Renaissance; he was a talented trumpeter whose style influenced many later musicians.
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Duke Ellington
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Duke Ellington Born in Chicago middle class. moved to Harlem in 1923 and began playing at the cotton club. Composer, pianist and band leader. Most influential figures in jazz.
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Congress of industrial Organization (CIO)
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A federation of labor union for all unskilled workers unlike the AFL, which limited itself to skilled workers.
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Republic Steel Plant Massacre (Chicago)
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Chicago Police Department shot and killed ten unarmed demonstrators in Chicago, on May 30, 1937. The incident took place during the "Little Steel Strike" in the United States.
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The Cradle Will Rock!
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A 1937 musical by Marc Blitzstein. Originally a part of the Federal Theater Project. The musical is a Brechtian allegory of corruption and corporate greed and includes a panoply of societal figures
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Works Progress Administration
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New Deal agency that helped create jobs for those that needed them. It created around 9 million jobs working on bridges, roads, and buildings.
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Federal Writers Project
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Federal government project to fund written work and support writers during the Great Depression. It was part of the Works Progress Administration, a New Deal program. It was one of a group of New Deal arts programs known collectively as Federal One.
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Federal Music Project
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Employed musicians, conductors and composers during the Great Depression
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New Deal Coalition
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Was the alignment of interest groups and voting blocs that supported the New Deal and voted for Democratic presidential candidates
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Judiciary Reorganization Bill 1937
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A bill that was attempted to be passed by FDR to increase the number of Supreme Court Justices and allow courtpacking
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Roosevelt Recession of 1937
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Dealt the most devastating blow to the president's political effectiveness in his second term. A steady improvement in the economy had caused Roosevelt to slash the budget, causing a tightening in credit, a market downturn, and rising unemployment.
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Al Capone
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an American gangster who led a Prohibition-era crime syndicate. The Chicago Outfit, which subsequently also became known as the "Capones", was dedicated to smuggling and bootlegging liquor, and other illegal activities, such as prostitution, in Chicago from the early 1920s to 1931.
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Speakeasy
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A place where alcoholic drinks were sold and consumed illegally during prohibition
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Madame C.J. Walker
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A leading African American entrepreneur who was one of the first women in the United States to become a millionaire.
