question

What did the builders of Stonehenge accomplish?

answer

a. They demonstrated that some natural events are predictable.

question

Ockham's razor is a(n)

answer

b. philosophy advocating the simplest solutions.

question

Dr. John Snow's research and observations improved the lives of London's citizens in the 1800s by

answer

d. associating disease with polluted water.

question

The Greek astronomers' explanation for the celestial spheres did not encompass the phenomenon of

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c. a solar system.

question

The Ptolemaic theory of the universe includes

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a. an unmoving Earth at the center.

question

Copernicus hypothesized that

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Answer- D a. the Sun was the center of the universe. b. the Earth was the center of the universe. c. the planetary bodies had circular orbits. d.a & c e. b & c

question

The 17th century laws of planetary motion stated that

answer

c. all planets orbit in oval paths.

question

Which scientist would have been most likely to use the phrases "equal areas," "planetary period," and "elliptic foci"?

answer

b. Johannes Kepler

question

Which of the following can happen to an astronaut during liftoff?

answer

d. blood is temporarily drained from the brain

question

"Eighty miles per hour toward the northeast" is an example of

answer

d. velocity.

question

Stepping on the brakes of a moving car is an example of

answer

d. acceleration.

question

A car going around a racetrack at constant speed

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b. does accelerate.

question

The path taken by an object thrown upward at the Earth's surface is

answer

b. a straight line.

question

Which difficulty did Galileo encounter when trying to study falling objects?

answer

a. measuring time in units less than seconds

question

To calculate the gravitational force between two objects, we need all the following except

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a. acceleration of both objects.

question

Calculate the rate of acceleration for a car that reaches a speed of three meters per second in ten seconds.

answer

e. 30 m/s2

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Which explains the Law of Universal Gravitation?

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Answer- D a. force = (G X mass X Me)/Re2 b.gravitational force on an object on earth is relative to its size and mass c.gravitational force between two objects never equals zero d. all of the above

question

If a ball is thrown upward with an initial velocity of 90.0 m/s, then, when it falls, its downward velocity

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c. equals its upward velocity at any given horizontal location.

question

The astronomical model placing the Sun at the center of the solar system was resisted for hundreds of years because

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a. scientific instruments needed to measure astronomical distances with precision had not been invented.

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Which of the following is in uniform motion?

answer

e. a train traveling west at 70 mph

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Newton's three laws of motion include the idea that

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a. for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

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An 80-kilogram sprinter can run up to 10 meters per second. How much force is needed to accelerate this sprinter from the starting blocks to a maximum speed in a half second?

answer

d. 1600 newtons

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Linear momentum is a quantity that is equal to the

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c. product of an object's mass x velocity.

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Newton recognized two kinds of motion--uniform motion and acceleration.

answer

True

question

Galileo demonstrated that on Earth's surface heavy objects fall at the same rate as light objects.

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True

question

Tycho Brahe is remembered for his design and use of astronomical instruments.

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True

question

According to Kepler, the Sun is not at the center of the solar system.

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False

question

Kepler's three laws gave scientists insight into the mechanism of solar system operation.

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False

question

The terms weight and mass are interchangeable.

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False

question

Scientists believe that the gravitational constant varies on different planets.

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False

question

The law of conservation of momentum states that momentum will not change.

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False

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Newton calculated Earth's gravitational acceleration to be 9.8 m/s2.

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True

question

If the Moon were positioned twice as far from the Earth as it is now, the gravitational attraction would be

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c. one-fourth as great.

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Acceleration due to gravity

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c.decreases with increasing altitude.

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The force pair of Newton's third law

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b.act on different objects.

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In the absence of a net force an object

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Answer- E a.is at rest. b.has zero speed. c.has zero acceleration. d.has terminal velocity e.all but b.

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Which of these statements is not true about Copernicus?

answer

e. He used a telescope to confirm his theories.

question

A rock held above the floor but not dropped is an example of which of Newton's Laws?

answer

Answer- D a. The velocity is constant in the absence of a net force. b. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to and in the same direction as the net force acting on the object. c. When one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on the first object. d. Both a and c

question

According to Newton's laws

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Answer- E a.applying a force will change the motion of an object. b.momentum is zero if there are no forces added from outside the system. c.fireworks demonstrate a momentum of zero at their highest point in the explosion. d.solar system bodies have attractive forces acting on each other. e.all of the above

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Which of these does not follow from Newton's laws?

answer

b. A rock falling from 100 feet has a lower velocity than a rock falling from 50 feet.

question

Which is an example of the law of compound motion?

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Answer- E a. dropping a penny from the Empire State Building b. throwing the first pitch in the American League's new baseball season c. kicking a field goal for winning points d. an acorn falling from a tree e. b & c

question

At which of these locations is the pull of gravity towards the center of the Earth likely to be the weakest?

answer

d. on Mars

question

Which of the following does not demonstrate angular momentum?

answer

d. an apple falling from a tree

question

An example of a chaotic system is

answer

a. turbulent flow of fluids.

question

Newton argued for the law of universal gravitation by reasoning

answer

Answer- D a. dropped apples always fall to the Earth. b. while the Earth pulls on the apple, the apple also pulls on the Earth. c. As a falling object, the moon falls by just the right amount to keep it in its observed orbit. d. all of the above

question

The value of the Earth's acceleration (g) can be found by using Newton's universal equation for gravity.

answer

True

question

Velocity and time have a direct relationship when the object being measured is accelerating at a constant rate.

answer

True

question

The rising of a helium balloon refutes Newton's law of universal gravitation.

answer

False

question

The mass of an object on the moon will be one-sixth that of the same object on earth.

answer

False

question

The distance traveled by an object being accelerated depends on the time squared.

answer

True

question

A horse running a circular track is accelerating, even if its speed remains constant.

answer

True

question

Acceleration can involve changes in speed, changes in direction, or both.

answer

True

question

Newton's second law tells us that the more massive an object being acted on by a given force, the greater the acceleration.

answer

False

question

The velocity of a falling object is proportional to the length of time that object has been falling.

answer

True

question

If vertical portion (y-axis) of the Galileo's inclined plane were twice the height shown below, how would the graph change?

answer

e.the acceleration increases

question

Knowing that the moon and the earth are moving away from a common center of mass, how will this affect the angular momentum of the earth/moon system in 20 million years?

answer

c.stays the same

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