Walegur – Geography M01 – Chapter 4 – Flashcards
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The Sun's radiant energy reaches above the Earth across space in approximately __.
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8 minutes
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Which wavelengths are most poorly transmitted through the atmosphere?
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longwaves
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The only major country still using Fahrenheit temperature scale is __.
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U.S.A.
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The albedo of the Earth's system has been determined to be __ percent.
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31
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Earth's reradiation to space consists mainly of __ rays.
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shortwave
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The specific heat of water is greater than that of land. This means that water __ more slowly than land does.
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cools
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For the most part, the atmosphere is heated directly from the __.
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Earth's surface
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A temperature inversion is mainly an inversion of the __.
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normal lapse rate
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The process of evaporation of liquid water to vapor releases stored energy called __.
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latent heat
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With respect to absorption of solar radiation, it is understood that __ are the most efficient absorbers.
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dark colored objects
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The extremely low surface temperatures in the Antarctic in July clearly demonstrate the influence of __.
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greater cooling of land than water.
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Solar energy and terrestrial reradiation are usually measured in units of length called __.
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micrometers
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The absorption of longwave radiation in the atmosphere is popularly called __.
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the Greenhouse Effect
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In the Northern Hemisphere, about __ percent of the surface is land.
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76
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In the Southern Hemisphere, about __ percent of the surface is land.
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19
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The energy emitted from the Sun is a product of __.
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fusion
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Adiabatic processes cause cooling by __.
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decompression
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At 0 Kelvins, __.
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molecular motion stops
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Advection is a __ wind movement.
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horizontal
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The longest of all visible light waves are __.
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red
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Only __ of the Sun's energy reaches the Earth.
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2 billionth
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Radiation from the Earth is mostly absorbed in the lower troposphere and __ back towards Earth.
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reradiatiated
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About __ percent of the total insolation is directly absorbed by the air.
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22
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The map of world average annual temperature range shows __ to have the greatest range.
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eastern siberia
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Which substance is the best transmitter of solar energy?
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air
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The higher latitudes receive much less intense insolation than tropic zones because of __.
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Sun's angle of incidence
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Heat transferred laterally in the atmosphere by horizontal wind movement is a process called __.
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advection
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In the electromagnetic spectrum, visible light occupies the band between 0.4 and 0.7 __.
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micrometers
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The solar energy reaching Earth travels a distance of __ million kilometers.
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150
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__ objects radiate in shorter wavelengths than __ objects.
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hot; cold
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Most of the radiation incident upon the Earth falls within the __ part of the spectrum.
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shortwave
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The phenomenon of Rayleigh scattering is most closely associated with which visible electromagnetic wavelengths?
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blue
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The reddish tint of the Sun at sunset results from __.
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scattering
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The freezing point of water is __ on the Kelvin scale.
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273
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What is the most prolific producer of carbon dioxide?
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The burning of fossil fuels
