Dr. Roberts Chemistry 122 Test Questions – Flashcards
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What is chemistry? |
Study of mater and it's interacton with other mater |
; ; ; ; ; What is scientific method? |
; ; ; ; ; a set of general principles that describes the thinking of a scientist |
; ; ; ; ; Name the more steps involved in the scientific method? |
; ; ; ; ; Observations,Hypotheisis, Experiments, and Theory |
; ; ; ; ; What is the importance of chemistry? ; |
; ; ; ; ; Understanding chemistry and measurement helps us make proper choices about the world |
; ; ; What is the difference of Mass vs. Weight |
; ; ; ; Mass is the same no matter what weight is depentent on gravity |
; ; ; ; ; What equation is used to show Density? |
; ; ; ; ; Density = mass of substance volume of substance ; |
; ; ; ; ; What is ment by density? |
; ; ; ; mass of an object vs. it's volume
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What is chemistry's relationship to other sciences? |
; ; ; ; Physics is the basis of chemistry. ; |
; ; ; ; ; What is the relationship between cm3 and mL? |
; ; ; D=; g; =;; g ;;;;;;; mL = cm3 ; |
; ; ; ; ; What is specifc gravity? |
; ; ; ; ; A ratio between density of a substance and the density of water. |
; ; ; ; ; How is specific gravity related to density? |
; ; ; ; ; specific gravity = density of sample ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; density of water |
; ; ; ; ; What is the density of water? |
; ; ; ; ; 1.00 g/ml |
; ; ; ; ; What is matter? |
; ; ; ; ; A measure of the quantity of material in an object |
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; ; ; ; ; Pure substance or mixtures |
; ; ; ; ; How can we tell the difference between a pure substance and a mixture? |
; ; ; ; ; A pure substance is one type of matter A mixture is 2 or more pure substances |
; ; ; ; ; What is an element? |
; ; ; ; ; Element is the simples because they are compused of one atom. |
; ; ; ; ; What is a compound? |
; ; ; ; ; Consist of a combination of two or more elements in the same ratio. |
; ; ; ; ; What is ment by period? |
; ; ; ; ; Each horizontal row on the periodic table |
; ; ; ; ; What is ment by group? |
; ; ; ; ; Each vertical column on the periodic table |
; ; ; ; ; What is the name of group 1? |
; ; ; ; ; Alkali Metals |
; ; ; ; ; What is the name of group 2? |
; ; ; ; ; Alkaline earth metals |
; ; ; ; ; What is the name of group 17? |
; ; ; ; ; Halogens |
; ; ; ; ; ; What is the name of group 18? |
; ; ; ; ; Noble gases |
; ; ; ; ; Where are metals found on the periodic table? |
; ; ; ; ; Found on the left of the line except for hydrogen |
; ; ; ; ; Where are nonmetals found on the periodic table? |
; ; ; ; ; Found on the right of the line |
; ; ; ; ; Where are metalloids found on the periodic table? |
; ; ; ; ; Found in the shaded boxes |
; ; ; ; ; What subatomic particles are found in an atom? Where are they located? |
; ; ; ; Proton - nucleus Neutron - nucleus Electron - outside nucleus |
; ; ; ; What are the charges of the subatomic particles? What are their masses? |
; ; Protons = + 1amu Neutron = 0 1amu Electron = - 0amu |
; ; ; ; Given an isotope symbol for an element, how can we determine the numbers of neutrons, protons, and electrons? |
; ; ; ; mass number - atomic number = neutrons atomic number = protons and electrons |
; ; ; ; ; What is ment by isotopes? |
; ; ; ; ; Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. |
; ; ; ; ; Why is the mass reported on the periodic table different than the mass of individual isotope? |
; ; ; ; ; Mass reported on the periodic table is an average of naturally occuring isotopes. |
; ; ; ; ; Which orbitals are found in each energy level? |
; ; ; s orbitals for each s sublevel p orbitals for each p sublevel d orbitals for each d sublevel f orbitals for each f sublevel |
; ; ; ; ; What are the maximum number of electrons found in each shell, subshell, or orbital? |
; ; ; ; ; s - 2 electrons p - 6 electrons d - 10 electrons f = 14 electrons |
; ; ; ; ; Orbitals: Shape of s How is this related to the probability of locating; an electron? |
; ; ; S is 3D spherical shape The shape gives a high probability of locating an electron |
; ; ; ; ; Orbitals: Shape of p How is this related to the probability of locating; an electron? |
; ; ; ; Shape of p is 3D dumbbell This gives p a higher probability of finding an electron. |
; ; ; ; Electron spin (what happens when 2 electrons are placed in the same orbital?) |
; ; ; ; ; They have opposite spins ; ; ; ; |
; ; ; ; Periodic Trends relationship to period and group |
; ; ; ; Periods = increase or decrease Group = patteren of regular change |
Atomic Size: trend in period? group? |
Period = increase of valence electrons w/ corresponding increase in protons Group = atomic radius increases
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Ionization Energy (first): trend in period? group? |
period = increases group = decreases
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Valence Electrons |
Electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom |
Lewis Symbols for atoms (Electron-Don Symbols) |
Convenient way to represent the valence electron. |
The mass of the sun is 2.00 x 1030kg. Hydrogen makes up 74% of this mass. Calculate the mass of hydrogen in the sun in grams. Show answer in scientific notation. |
2.00 x 1030 kg 74 kgH 1000 gH
100 kg 1kgH
148 x 1035 100 = 1.48 x 1033 gH
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Kelvin vs. Celsius |
100 kelvins = 1 celsius unit |
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Beaker |
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Erlenmeyer Flask |
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Graduated Cylinder |
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Volumetric Flask |