question

Mg

answer

Magnesium

question

N

answer

Nitrogen

question

C

answer

Carbon

question

F

answer

Fluorine

question

Ne

answer

Neon

question

O

answer

Oxygen

question

Na

answer

Sodium

question

B

answer

Boron

question

Be

answer

Beryllium

question

Al

answer

Aluminum

question

Si

answer

Silicon

question

S

answer

Sulfur

question

P

answer

Phosphorus

question

Ar

answer

Argon

question

Ar

answer

Argon

question

Cl

answer

Chlorine

question

Sc

answer

Scandium

question

K

answer

Potassium

question

Ti

answer

Titanium

question

Ca

answer

Calcium

question

Fe

answer

Iron

question

V

answer

Vanadium

question

Co

answer

Cobalt

question

Cu

answer

Copper

question

Ni

answer

Nickel

question

Ga

answer

Gallium

question

Zn

answer

Zinc

question

As

answer

Arsenic

question

Ge

answer

Germanium

question

Sr

answer

Strontium

question

Ag

answer

Silver

question

Br

answer

Bromine

question

Se

answer

Selenium

question

Rb

answer

Rubidium

question

Kr

answer

Krypton

question

Sb

answer

Antimony

question

Sn

answer

Tin

question

Cs

answer

Cesium

question

I

answer

Iodine

question

Pt

answer

Platinum

question

H

answer

Hydrogen

question

Ba

answer

Barium

question

Hg

answer

Mercury

question

Au

answer

Gold

question

Cr

answer

Chromium

question

Mn

answer

Manganese

question

(C2H302)-1

answer

Acetate

question

(NH4)+1

answer

Ammonium

question

Pb

answer

Lead

question

Bi

answer

Bismuth

question

(CN)-1

answer

Cyanide

question

(CO3)-2

answer

Carbonate

question

(ClO2)-1

answer

Chlorite

question

(ClO3)-1

answer

Chlorate

question

(CrO4)-2

answer

Chromate

question

(H2PO4)-1

answer

Dihydrogen Phosphate

question

(Cr2O7)-2

answer

Dichromate

question

(HCO3)-1

answer

Hydrogen Carbonate (Bicarbonate)

question

(HPO4)-2

answer

Hydrogen Phosphate

question

(OH)-1

answer

Hydroxide

question

(ClO)-1

answer

Hypochlorite

question

(MnO4)-1

answer

Permanganate

question

(MnO4)-1

answer

Permanganate

question

(NO3)-1

answer

Nitrate

question

(NO2)-1

answer

Nitrite

question

(ClO4)-1

answer

Perchlorate

question

(PO3)-3

answer

Phosphite

question

(PO4)-3

answer

Phosphate

question

(SO4)-2

answer

Sulfate

question

(C2O4)-2

answer

Oxalate

question

(SCN)-1

answer

Thiocyanate

question

(SO3)-2

answer

Sulfite

question

Li

answer

Lithium

question

He

answer

Helium

question

Matter

answer

Anything that has mass and occupies space;
Solid, liquid, gas;
Solid- Fixed shape and volume
Liquid- Has fixed volume but is not rigid in shape-takes shape of container
Gas-Nor a fixed volume nor a rigid shape

question

Pure Substances (Fixed composition and a unique set of properties)

answer

Elements
Compounds

question

Mixtures- Composed of two or more substances

answer

Heterogeneous (Coarse)
Homogeneous (Solutions)

question

Element

answer

Type of matter that cannot be broken down into two or more pure substances
113 known elements, 91 occur naturally
Identified by its symbol consisting of one or two letters, usually derived from its name, or latin name

question

Compound

answer

A pure substance containing more than one element
eg: Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen
Have fixed compositions- A given compound always contains the same elements in the same percentages by mass
To resolve compounds into elements, different methods can be used.
Heat, Electrolysis

question

Mixture

answer

A mixture contains two or more substances combined in such a way that each substance retains its chemical identity.
Homogeneous- Composition is the same throughout. Another name is solution, made up of solvent, and solute.
Heterogeneous- Composition varies throughout i.e. Rocks.
Many different methods can be used to seperate the components of a mixture.
Filtration, Distillation, Chromatography
All gaseous mixtures including air are solutions

question

Scientific measurements

answer

Metric system

question

Mega (M)

answer

10^6

question

Kilo (k)

answer

10^3

question

Deci (d)

answer

10^-1

question

Centi (c)

answer

10^-2

question

Milli (m)

answer

10^-3

question

Micro

answer

10^-6

question

Nano (n)

answer

10^-9

question

Pico (p)

answer

10^-12

question

Length - Meter

answer

1 cm = 10^-2m
1 mm = 10^-3m
1 km = 10^3 m
1 nm = 10^-9m

question

Volume - Cubic centimeters
Liters
Millimeters

answer

1 cm(3) = (10^-2m)cubed = (10^-6m) cubed
1 L = (10^-3m) cubed = (10^3cm) cubed
I mL= (10^-3L)= (10^-6m)cubed
1 mL = 1 cm cubed

question

Mass - Grams
Kilograms
Milligrams

answer

1 g = (10^-3kg)
1 mg= (10^-3g)
1 Mg= (10^6 g) = (10^3)kg

question

Mass

answer

Measure of the amount of matter in an object

question

Weight

answer

Measure of gravitational force acting on the object

Determine mass by weighing

question

Temperature

answer

Celsius (C)
Kelvin (K)
Fahrenheit (F)

question

Intensive properties

answer

Must be independent of amount

question

Extensive properties

answer

Dependent on amount (mass and volume)

question

Chemical properties

answer

These are observed when the substance takes part in a chemical reaction, which converts it into a new substance.

question

Physical properties

answer

Observed without changing the chemical identity of a substance.
(Melting point, boiling point)

question

Equation for density

answer

d=m/v

question

Solubility

answer

The process by which a solute dissolves in a solvent. (Physical)

Number of grams of the substance that dissolves in 100 g of solvent at a given temperature.

question

Saturated

answer

The point at which a solution of a substance can dissolve no more of that substance. This point, the saturation point, depends on the temperature of the liquid as well as the chemical nature of the substances involved.

question

Unsaturated

answer

Being able to dissolve more solute.

question

Supersaturated

answer

If a change in conditions (e.g. cooling) mean that the concentration is actually higher than the saturation point, the solution has become supersaturated.

question

Supersaturated

answer

If a change in conditions (e.g. cooling) mean that the concentration is actually higher than the saturation point, the solution has become supersaturated.

question

John Dalton's Atomic Theory

answer

An element is composed of tiny particles called atoms.
In an ordinary chemical reaction, atoms move from one substance to another, but no atoms of any element disappears or is changed into an atom of another element.
Compounds are formed when atoms of two or more elements combine.

question

Law of conservation of mass

answer

There is no detectable change in mass in an ordinary chemical reaction. If atoms are conserved in a reaction, mass will be conserved.

question

Law of constant composition

answer

This tells us that a compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass. If the atom ratio of the elements in a compound is fixed, their proportions by mass also be fixed.

question

Law of multiple proportions

answer

When two elements form more than one compound. In these compounds, the masses of one elementthat combine with a fixed mass of the second element are in ratio of small whole numbers.

question

Electrons

answer

Carry a negative charge
They are equal to protons
Found in an outer region if an atom where they form what amounts to a cloud of negative charge.

question

Protons

answer

Positively charged
Cancel out electrons
Found in the nucleus

question

Neutrons

answer

Neutral charge
In the nucleus

question

Atomic Number

answer

Number of protons and electrons
In a neutral atom, protons and electrons are the same

question

Mass number

answer

protons + neutrons

question

Isotopes

answer

Atoms that contain the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons

question

Nuclear symbol

answer

Mass number (top), Atomic number (bottom) Element symbol

question

Periods

answer

Horizontal rows in the periodic table

question

Groups

answer

Vertical columns in the periodic table

question

Main group elements

answer

1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18

question

Transition metals

answer

Groups 3-12

question

Post transition metals

answer

13 14 15

question

Alkali metals

answer

Group 1 at the far left of the table

question

Alkaline earth metals

answer

Group 2

question

Halogens

answer

Group 17

question

Noble (Unreactive) gases

answer

Group 18

question

Molecule

answer

Two or more atoms that may combine with one another to form an uncharged molecule.Held by strong forces called covalent bonds. Mostly represented by molecular formulas.

question

Ion

answer

When an atom loses or gains electrons

question

Cations

answer

Metal atoms typically tend to lose electrons to form positively charges ions called cations.

question

Anions

answer

Nonmetal atoms form negative ions by gaining electrons. They are called anions.

question

Ionic bonds

answer

The electrical forces between oppositely charged charged ions that hold together compounds.

question

Naming Ions

answer

Monoatomic cations take the name of the metal from which they are derived.
Roman numerals to distinguish charge.
Named by adding suffix -ide to the stem of the name of the nonmetal from which they are derived.

question

Ionic compounds

answer

First word names the cation
Second names the anion

question

Binary molecular compounds

answer

Two nonmetals
First word gives the name of the element w/ Greek prefix
Second word consists of appropriate Greek prefix, stem of the name, the suffix ide.

question

Di-
Tri-
Tetra-

answer

2
3
4

question

Penta-
Hexa-
Hepta-

answer

5
6
7

question

Octa
Nona
Deca

answer

8
9
10

question

Oxoacids

answer

Oxygen and hydrogen

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