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Home Page Flashcards o-Xylene C8H10 structure - Flashcards

o-Xylene C8H10 structure – Flashcards

Flashcard maker : Pat Coker

Molecular Formula C8H10
Average mass 106.165 Da
Density 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 145.9±10.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point 32.2±0.0 °C
Molar Refractivity 35.9±0.3 cm3
Polarizability 14.2±0.5 10-24cm3
Surface Tension 28.8±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume 122.0±3.0 cm3
  • Experimental data
  • Predicted – ACD/Labs
  • Predicted – EPISuite
  • Predicted – ChemAxon
  • Predicted – Mcule
  • Experimental Physico-chemical Properties

    • Experimental Melting Point:

      -25 °C Alfa Aesar
      -48 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      -25.2 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 20832
      -25 °C Jean-Claude Bradley Open Melting Point Dataset 13384, 8209
      -25 °C Alfa Aesar 32471, 22902, A11358
      -26–23 °C Oakwood 094836
      -26 °C LabNetwork LN00163928
      -25.2 °C FooDB FDB005819

    • Experimental Boiling Point:

      143-145 °C Alfa Aesar
      292 F (144.4444 °C)
      NIOSH ZE2450000
      137 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      143-145 °C Alfa Aesar 32471, 22902, A11358
      143-145 °C Oakwood 094836
      137-140 °C Oakwood
      [098283]
      143 °C LabNetwork LN00163928

    • Experimental Ionization Potent:

      8.56 Ev NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Experimental Vapor Pressure:

      7 mmHg NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Experimental LogP:

      3.12 Egon Willighagen http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci050282s

    • Experimental Flash Point:

      32 °C Alfa Aesar
      90 F (32.2222 °C)
      NIOSH ZE2450000
      27 °C Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      32 °C Alfa Aesar
      32 °F (0 °C)
      Alfa Aesar 32471, 22902, A11358
      31 °C Oakwood 094836
      28.9 °C LabNetwork LN00163928

    • Experimental Freezing Point:

      -13 F (-25 °C)
      NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Experimental Gravity:

      20 g/mL Merck Millipore 1806
      20 g/l Merck Millipore 1806, 808697
      0.877 g/mL Alfa Aesar 32471, 22902, A11358
      0.879 g/mL Oakwood 094836
      0.86 g/mL Oakwood
      [098283]

    • Experimental Refraction Index:

      1.505 Alfa Aesar A11358, 32471, 22902

    • Experimental Solubility:

      0.02% NIOSH ZE2450000
  • Predicted Physico-chemical Properties

    • Predicted Melting Point:

      -25 °C J&K Scientific 185049, 191550
  • Miscellaneous

    • Appearance:

      Colorless liquid with an aromatic odor. NIOSH ZE2450000
      colourless liquid Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Stability:

      Stable. Flammable; incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Toxicity:

      ORL-RAT LD50 4300 mg kg-1, SCU-RAT LD50 1700 mg kg-1 Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details

    • Safety:

      10-20/21-38 Alfa Aesar 22902, 32471, A11358
      25 Alfa Aesar 22902, 32471, A11358
      3 Alfa Aesar 22902, 32471, A11358
      DANGER: FLAMMABLE, causes CNS effects, irritates skin & eyes Alfa Aesar 22902, 32471, A11358
      H226-H312-H332-H315 Alfa Aesar 22902, 32471, A11358
      HARMFUL / IRRITANT Alfa Aesar A11358
      P210-P261-P280-P303+P361+P353-P403+P235-P501a Alfa Aesar 22902, 32471, A11358
      Safety glasses, good ventilation. Remove sources of ignitionfrom the working area. Oxford University Chemical Safety Data (No longer updated) More details
      Warning Alfa Aesar 22902, 32471, A11358

    • First-Aid:

      Eye: Irrigate immediately Skin: Soap wash promptly Breathing: Respiratory support Swallow: Medical attention immediately NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Exposure Routes:

      inhalation, skin absorption, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Symptoms:

      Irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; dizziness, excitement, drowsiness, incoordination, staggering gait; corneal vacuolization; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; dermatitis NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Target Organs:

      Eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, blood, liver, kidneys NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Incompatibility:

      Strong oxidizers, strong acids NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Personal Protection:

      Skin: Prevent skin contact Eyes: Prevent eye contact Wash skin: When contaminated Remove: When wet (flammable) Change: No recommendation NIOSH ZE2450000

    • Exposure Limits:

      NIOSH REL : TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m 3 ) ST 150 ppm (655 mg/m 3 ) OSHA PEL ?: TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m 3 ) NIOSH ZE2450000
  • Gas Chromatography

    • Retention Index (Kovats):

      907 (estimated with error: 55) NIST Spectra mainlib_291483, replib_20039, replib_150812, replib_228061
      871.9 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 40 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W., Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures, Microchem. J., 81, 2005, 184-190.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      873.4 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 30 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W., Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures, Microchem. J., 81, 2005, 184-190.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      874.2 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 50 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W., Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures, Microchem. J., 81, 2005, 184-190.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      874.6 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 10 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W., Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures, Microchem. J., 81, 2005, 184-190.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      875.7 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 20 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W., Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures, Microchem. J., 81, 2005, 184-190.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      878.7 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W., Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures, Microchem. J., 81, 2005, 184-190.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      879.4 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 0 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wang, Y.; Liu, J.; Li, N.; Shi, G.; Jiang, G.; Ma, W., Preliminary study of the retention behavior for different compounds using cryogenic chromatography at different initial temperatures, Microchem. J., 81, 2005, 184-190.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      918 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 10 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Apiezon L; Substrate: Chromosorb P; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bonastre, J.; Grenier, P., Contribution a l’etude de la polarite des phases stationnaires en chromatographie gas-liquide. I. Calcul des coefficients d’activite relatifs et des indices de retention de quelques hydrocarbures aromatiques, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., 4, 1967, 1395-1405., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 2 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 90 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: PMS-1000; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chromaton N-AW-DMCS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Arutyunov, Y.I.; Kudryashov, S.Y.; Onuchak, L.A., Analysis of Mixtures Containing Unknown Components by Gas Chromatography: Determination of Molecular Mass, J. Anal. Chem. USSR (Engl. Transl.), 59(4), 2004, 358-365, In original 403-411.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      882 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb P; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Gas Chromatogr., 6, 1968, 203-217., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 96 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Kugucheva, E.E.; Mashinsky, V.I., Retention Indices of Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Capillary Columns with Squalan and Polyphenyl Ether, Zh. Anal. Khim. (Rus), 38(11), 1983, 2023-2026., Program type: Ramp; Column cl… (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 200 C; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: CBP-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Shimadzu, Gas chromatography analysis of organic solvents using capillary columns (No. 2), 2003.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      900 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.24 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 150 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Methyl Silicone; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Berezkin, V.G.; Korolev, A.A.; Malyukova, I.V.; Popova, T.P.; Shiryaeva, V.E.; Khotimskii, V.S., Poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propine] as chromatographic adsorbent and prospects of its application in packed and capillary columns, J. Chromatogr. A, 960, 2002, 151-158., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.5 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 130 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: SE-30; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Bredael, P., Retention indices of hydrocarbons on SE-30, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. & Chromatogr. Comm., 5, 1982, 325-328., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 20 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 120 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chrom W; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Mitra, G.D.; Mohan, G.; Sinha, A., Advances in the utilization of the retention index system for characterizing hydrocarbons in complex mixtures by gas chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 99, 1974, 215-230.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      877.4 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Chen, J.P.; Liang, X.M.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, L.F., Prediction of GC retention values under various column temperature conditions from temperature programmed data, Chromatographia, 53(9/10), 2001, 539-547., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.2 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Krupcik, J.; Skacani, I.; Benicka, E.; Sandra, P., Dependence of gas chromatographic retention data of hydrocarbons on the film thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 59, 1994, 2390-2396.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      878.32 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-101; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.2 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Garay, F., Application of a flow-tunable, serially coupled gas chromatographic capillary column system for the analysis of complex mixtures, Chromatographia Sup., 51, 2000, s108-s120.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      890.3 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: OV-1; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zhu, X.; Zhang, L.; Chen, J.; Wang, L.; Che, X., The application quantitative structure-retention relationship of GC to aid MS qualitative analysis, Chin. J. Chromatogr., 17(4), 1999, 351-353., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.3 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Gerasimenko, V.A.; Kirilenko, A.V.; Nabivach, V.M., Capillary gas chromatography of aromatic compounds found in coal tar fractions, J. Chromatogr., 208, 1981, 9-16.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      880 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: -40 C for 12 min; -40 – 125 C at 3 deg.min; 125-185 C at 6 deg/min; 185 – 220 C at 20 deg/min; hold 220 C for 2 min; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1.0 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hoekman, S.K., Improved gas chromatography procedure for speciated hydrocarbon measurements of vehicle emissions, J. Chromatogr., 639, 1993, 239-253., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 80 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Squalane; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Wallaert, B., Determination des indices de Kovats sur colonne capillaire polaire, Bull. Soc. Chim. Fr., , 1971, 1107-1109., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 120 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lulova, N.I.; Leont’eva, S.A.; Timofeeva, A.N., Gas-chromatographic method of determination of individual hydrocarbons in catalytic cracking gasolines, in Proceedings of All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes. Vol.18, All-Union Research Institute on Oil Processes, Moscow, 1976, 30-53., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column length: 1 m; Column type: Packed; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromaton N-AW-HMDS; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Nabivach, V.M.; Kirilenko, A.V., Relationship between the gas chromatographic behaviour and the molecular structure of hydrocarbon samples and various stationary phases. Part II. Correlation between the retention index, physicochemical properties and molecular structure, Chromatographia, 13(2), 1980, 93-100., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 5.0 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Dewulf, J.; Van Langenhove, H.; Everaert, M., Solid-phase microextraction of volatile organic compounds estimation of the sorption equilibrium from the Kovats index, effect of salinity and humic acids and the study of the kinetics by the development of an “agitated/static layer” model, J. Chromatogr. A, 761, 1997, 205-217.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      883.8 (Program type: Complex; Column… (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 5C(10min)=;5C/min=;50C(48min)=;1.5C/min=;195C(91min); CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Petrocol DH-100; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Haagen-Smit Laboratory, Procedure for the detailed hydrocarbon analysis of gasolines by single column high efficiency (capillary) column gas chromatography, SOP NO. MLD 118, Revision No. 1.1, California Environmental Protection Agency, Air Resources Board, El Monte, California, 1997, 22.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      892.9 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 100 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 80 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: CP Sil 2; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Estel, D.; Mohnke; Biermans; Rotzsche, The analysis of C4-C11 hydrocarbons in naphtha and reformate with a new apolar fused silica column, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr., 18, 1995, 403-412.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      877.6 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.264 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: DB-1; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL., Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. ; Chromatogr. Comm., 6, 1983, 328-332., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: .25 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Krupcik, J.; Skacani, I.; Benicka, E.; Sandra, P., Dependence of gas chromatographic retention data of hydrocarbons on the film thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 59, 1994, 2390-2396.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      877.8 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: PONA; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Krupcik, J.; Skacani, I.; Benicka, E.; Sandra, P., Dependence of gas chromatographic retention data of hydrocarbons on the film thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 59, 1994, 2390-2396.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      878 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions, Chromatographia, 33(3/4), 1992, 138-146., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.75 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: SPB-1; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Castello, G.; Vezzani, S.; Gerbino, T., Gas chromatographic separation and automatic identification of complex mixtures of organic solvents in indrustrial wates, J. Chromatogr., 585, 1991, 273-280., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: PONA; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Krupcik, J.; Skacani, I.; Benicka, E.; Sandra, P., Dependence of gas chromatographic retention data of hydrocarbons on the film thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 59, 1994, 2390-2396.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      878.1 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.259 mm; Column length: 60 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: DB-1; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Lubeck, A.J.; Sutton, DL., Kovats retention indices of selected hydrocarbons through C10 on bonded phase fused silica capillaries, J. Hi. Res. Chromatogr. ; Chromatogr. Comm., 6, 1983, 328-332., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Krupcik, J.; Skacani, I.; Benicka, E.; Sandra, P., Dependence of gas chromatographic retention data of hydrocarbons on the film thickness of the polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase, Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 59, 1994, 2390-2396.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      877 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.01 in; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 86 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Celite 545; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Agrawal, B.B.; Tesarik, K.; Janak, J., Gas chromatographic characterization of sulphur compounds in the 93-162 gasoline cut from Romashkino crude oil using Kovats retention indices, J. Chromatogr., 65, 1972, 207-215., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 50 ft; Column type: Packed; Start T: 67 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Squalane; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb P; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Hively, R.A.; Hinton, R.E., Variation of the retention index with temperature on squalane substrates, J. Gas Chromatogr., 6, 1968, 203-217., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions, Chromatographia, 33(3/4), 1992, 138-146.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      889 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 45 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: Vacuum Grease Oil (VM-4); Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Sidorov, R.I.; Petrova, V.I.; Ivanova, M.P., Qualitative analysis of wide-boiling fraction C5-C10 with capillary chromatography, in Processes in chromatographic columns. Vol.17, 1972, 14-25., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: HP-1; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Zhang, M.J.; Li, S.D.; Chen, B.J., Compositional studies of high-temperature coal tar by GC/FTIR analysis of light oil fractions, Chromatographia, 33(3/4), 1992, 138-146., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.20 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Kovacicova, E.; Ha, P.T.; Kolek, E.; Engewald, W., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. II. Retention indices on OV-101 columns and retention-molecular structure correlations, J. Chromatogr., 475, 1989, 113-123., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 278 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: OV-101; Carrier gas: H2; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Rukriglova, M.; Krupcik, J.; Kovacicova, E.; Holotik, S., Identification of alkylbenzenes up to C12 by capillary gas chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. I. OV-101 as stationary phase, J. Chromatogr., 455, 1988, 301-309., Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 60 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: OV-1; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Engewald, W.; Maurer, T.; Schiefke, A., Investigation of isomeric hydrocarbons by gas-solid chromatography on graphitized thermal carbon black, Pure ; Appl. Chem., 61(11), 1989, 2001-2004.) NIST Spectra nist ri
      889.8 (Program type: Isothermal; Col… (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 50 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 100 C; CAS no: 95476; Active phase: PONA; Carrier gas: H2; Phase thickness: 0.5 um; Data type: Kovats RI; Authors: Matisova, E.; Kuran, P., Reproducibility of retention indices measurement of alkylbenzenes on crosslinked methyl silicone phase fused

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      • supporting sentences to explain and develop the point you’re making
      • evidence from your reading or an example from the subject area that supports your point
      • analysis of the implication/significance/impact of the evidence finished off with a critical conclusion you have drawn from the evidence.