SPED module test 2 – Flashcards
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The following characteristics are associated with which language impairment: Below average vocabulary skills. Difficulty producing complex sentences. Improper use of correct tenses. Problems in recalling words. Expressive Language Disorder.
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Expressive Language Disorder.
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The following characteristics are associated with which language impairment: Complexity of speech not developing with age. Little or no growth in Vocabulary. Consistently poor grammar with little or no improvement. Difficulty remembering recently used words.
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Specific Language Impairment
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Stuttering is a communication disorder that is considered a __________________ disorder.
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Fluency Speech child-hood onset fluency disorder
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Which of the following is not a strategy to develop oral language skills.
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Use multimedia such as television to enhance language development.
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Cultivating phonological awareness with auditory and visual games includes all but which of the following:
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All choices are ways to enhance this skill. (playing rhyming games,play the broken record game,have the child draw pictures and make up a story while you write down.)
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Which of the choices are true regarding social and cultural causes of reading problems?
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Poor reading performance can be attributed to impediments resulting from linguistic differences.
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Phonemic awareness is:
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All of the choices are correct. (words are made up of individual sounds.. subdivision of phonological awareness, not phonics)
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Linguistic causes of reading problems include all but:
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Sound-frequency discrimination.
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Which of the following is true?
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Children with reading difficulties recall incorrect phonemes.
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Nonlinguistic causes of reading problems include all but:
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Working memory deficits
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Which of the following is/are correct regarding spoken language and reading:
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Children with an identified language impairment in Kindergarten are at higher risk at developing a learning problem.
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The successful decoding and comprehension in reading require the coordination of what neural networks?
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Orthography, Phonology and Semantics
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The rules of spelling that govern a language is
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Orthography
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The idea that the recognition that oral language can be divided into smaller components such as words into syllables, is:
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Phonological Awareness
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According to the Sousa Book, reading:
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All choices are correct (is possibly the most difficult thing a young brain can do, reading is not a natural process, approximately 50% of children..)
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Which of the following neural processes are used in writing?
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Visual input, Orthographic analysis, Graphemic output, & Motor output
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Accommodation strategies for students with writing disorders include:
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All of the choices are correct.
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Symptoms of dysgraphia include which of the responses?
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All of the answers are correct
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According to the Sousa text
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There are no areas of the brain specialized for writing.
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One of the commonly believed characteristics of dysgraphia is:
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Individuals with dysgraphia tend to be easily frustrated and not lazy.
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Current brain research regarding gender differences in mathematics indicate:
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even though there are some neuroanatomical differences in gender, neuroscientist do not believe that gives any sex with any learning advantage.
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Environmental causes for difficulties in mathematics:
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Research studies have shown that individuals with poor attitudes towards mathematics learn less than their peers with positive attitudes.
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Research in Neurological causes has indicated
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Individuals with visual processing weaknesses almost always display difficulties with mathematics.
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Dyscalculia is
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persistent problems with processing numerical calculations.
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Where is mathematical operations processed in the brain?
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Frontal Lobe & Parietal Lobe
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Cindy, a fifth-grade teacher, uses the technique of asking students questions such as "what are the supporting details in the paragraph?" and then calling on students until the right answer is provided. In using this strategy the teacher:
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expects students to infer what the supporting details are
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Alex, a ninth-grade teacher, starts a lesson on Native Americans by showing a documentary. He then passes around beads, bracelets, pottery, and tools once used by Native Americans. After a discussion of what they have seen and touched, Alex provides the students with a written outline with important dates and facts. To end the unit, there will be a lesson on how to make pottery following the techniques used by Native Americans. Which of the following best describes the strategy Alex is using to teach the lesson?
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presenting information in multiple ways to deal with students' learning styles
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Who was the pioneer who coined the term "specific learning disabilities" and in what year did this occur?
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Samuel Kirk; 1963
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Denise uses a graph to record the progress she makes in her rate of reading. Which strategy is Denise using?
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self-monitoring
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Which of the following is one of the most important predictors as to whether or not a student will be identified as learning disabled?
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referral from the classroom teacher
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Following is a brief interaction by Ray and his teacher. Which strategy is Ray's teacher using? T: Read the first sentence. R: The boy cut off the branches from a beautiful oak tree. T: Which word in the sentence is the verb? R: cut T: What question did you ask yourself to figure out which word was the verb? R: What did the boy do?
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instructional conversation
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During his World History class, Kevin makes sure his students use visual imagery to see information in 'their minds eye', and helps them categorize information to make it easier to learn. What type of strategies are his students using?
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memory
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Which of the following are not a reason to exclude a student from the learning disability classification:
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All are reasons to exclude a student from the learning disability classification
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The most frequent characteristic of students with learning disabilities is
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reading difficulties
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Matt has observed that David, a student with communicative disorders in his second-grade class, has a very limited vocabulary. Which strategies can Matt use to help David develop a richer vocabulary?
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elaboration and modeling
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Bobby is a first grader who has been working with the speech-language pathologist for six months. Bobby tends to substitute, omit, or distort words in his speech. What type of disorder is Bobby experiencing?
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articulation disorder
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The concept that language is a code for representing sounds, words, and ideas is called:
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metalinguistics
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You are concerned about Maria's speech in your classroom. You feel she needs to be assessed to determine what and if there is a problem with Maria's speech. Which of the following is a step to consider if you suspect a communication problem?
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Ask the speech-language pathologist for a test you can use to assess students
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Which is the most typical speech disorder found in students with communication disorders?
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articulation disorders
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Lucinda, a second-grade teacher, has noticed that one of her students says "boo" when he means to say "blue" and "pity" instead of "pretty." What type of errors are these?
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omissions
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What percentages of school-age children receive special services for communication disorders?
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7 to 20 percent
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A student in your kindergarten classroom is having difficulty with pronouncing certain words with the "t" sound. You feel he needs evaluated. Which is the best choice of professional for your student?
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Speech-Language Pathologist
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The rules of social language:
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Pragmatics
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By the age of thirteen, students can switch their communication style depending on the person whom they are talking. Communication style is also referred to as:
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register
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Syntax refers to
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the order of words in a sentence
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As part of her seventh-grade class, Keisha makes sure to focus on teaching vocabulary, word categories, word relationships, multiple meanings, and figurative language. What is Keisha teaching her class?
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semantics
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SLD
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specific learning disability
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SLI
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speech or learning impariments
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IEP
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individual education program
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RTI
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response to intervention
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FC
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Facilitated Communication
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dyslexia
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a general term for disorders that involve difficulty in learning to read or interpret words, letters, and other symbols, but that do not affect general intelligence.
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dysgraphia
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inability to write coherently, as a symptom of brain disease or damage.
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dyscalulia
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severe difficulty in making arithmetical calculations, as a result of brain disorder.
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what is a language disorder?
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children who have difficulty understanding language . children who have problems producing language have expressive language disorder
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what are the 3 categories that language disorder are divided into? how do they affect students?
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Category 1 - Form morphology - the smallest meanings of words (ex. -ing is something happening now, -ed means something happened in the past, etc.) phonology - putting sounds together to make words, the study of speech sounds, sound patterns, and the rules used to create words with those sounds syntax - how we arrange words together to make meaningful sentences, grammar is also part of this subcategory. Category 2 - Content semantics - the study of the meaning of language Category 3 - Use pragmatics - the study of the rules that govern the use of language in social situations
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what is the role of the Gen Ed teacher in identifying students with communication disorders and SLD?
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they are first identified by the gen ed teacher from observation then is recommended to the speech teacher to be further tested to see if they meet the standards of a SLD. 2 tests required, IQ ands standard achievement test. SUPPOSED TO REFER TO RTI PROGRAM.
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fluid inteligence
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refers to the ability to solve new problems,use logic in new situations and identify patterns EX:using subway system: figuring out the names of the stops,how to get there,etc street smart
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crystalized intelligence
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refers to the ability to use learned knowledge and experience - becomes more stable over time EX: increasing your vocabulary, rules of grammar, expanding your math skills
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broad retrieval ability/long term retrieval
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refers to the ability of storing new or previously acquired information and then fluently retrieving the information EX:childhood memories, phone numbers, directions
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processing speed
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refers to the ability to fluently and automatically perform cognitive tasks(mental quickness) reflect the ability to work for over along period of time between 2-3 minutes EX: slow test taker, processes information slow, look like h/she are not paying attention but really just trying to process the information
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visual auditory perception
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the ability to notice,compare,discriminate, and distinguish distinct and separate sounds EX:sounding out words
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3 R's of effective homework
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relevance- review- realistic-
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what are the reasons for excluding an individual with an SLD according to IDEA?
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use research based curriculum,incomplete testing, show they can do it but not showing achievement