chapter 3: managing speech anxiety – Flashcards
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what makes us anxious about public speaking?
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- lack of experience - feeling different from members of the audience - uneasiness about being the center of attention - public speaking anxiety -lack of positive experience - feeling different
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public speaking anxiety
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fear or anxiety associated with either actual or anticipated communication to an audience as a speaker
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lack of positive experience
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gaining more experience is a key to overcoming speech anxiety
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feeling different
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we become anxious because we assume that being different somehow means being inferior
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pre-preparation anxiety
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feeling anxious when they know they will be giving a speech, problem because one may be reluctant to begin planning for the speech, problem because anxiety can preoccupy the person to such an extent that he or she misses vital information that is require to fulfill the speech assignment
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preparation anxiety
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for some anxiety only arises when the person actually begins, pressures that produce a cycle of stress, procrastination and outright avoidance, research shows for most people this is when anxiety is the lowest
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pre-performance anxiety
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some experience anxiety as they rehearse their speech, fearing the audience watching/listening to them or that their ideas don't sound interesting, may decided to stop rehearsing
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anxiety stop-time (pre-performance anxiety)
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allowing your anxiety to present itself for up to a few minutes until your declare time for confidence to stop in so you can proceed to complete your practice
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performance anxiety
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tends to be the highest just before speaking for most people, probably the most pronounced during the introduction of the speech, where we are most aware of the audience's attention
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trait anxiety
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-difference in experience of anxiety - low: get nervous when starting, but then gain confidence, after the speech they comment positively about their experience - high: have a more challenging time overall, tend to focus on what went wrong and how they didn't enjoy the speech
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prepare and practice
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preparation should begin as soon as the speech is assigned, advantage of practicing your speech in front of 7-8 people, greater performance outcomes for those who did practice suggests that even students who were more anxious were better able to control their anxiety
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modify thoughts and attitudes
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negative thoughts increase speech anxiety, remind yourself all the benefits of public speaking, try and think of it as ordinary convo
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visualize success
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visualization: highly successful way to reduce nervousness and help you prepare effectively for your speech, practicing the mental exercise of seeing yourself give a successful speech will help you prepare with confidence and strengthen your positive attitudes and expectations
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activate the relaxation response
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"fight or flight response": body's automatic response to a threatening or fear-inducing event
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"fight or flight response"
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body's automatic response to a threatening or fear-inducing event tackling it head on (fight) escaping (flight)
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use movement to minimize anxiety
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practice natural gestures, move as you speak
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learn from feedback
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evaluations help you improve, objective evaluations by others are the most helpful
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enjoy the occassion
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it is satisfying and empowering to influence people
