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Presidential Roles

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1) Chief of State 2) Chief Executive 3) Chief Administrator 4) Chief Diplomat 5) Commander in Chief 6) Chief Legislator 7) Chief of party 8) Chief Citizen

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1) Chief of State

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Head of the govt., symbol of the American people

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2) Chief Executive

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Head of the Executive Branch set forth by the Constitution

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3) Chief Administrator

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Director of the Executive Branch - 15 Departments

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4) Chief Diplomat

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In charge of American foreign policy & chief spokesperson to the rest of the world

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5) Commander in Chief

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In charge of the nation's armed forces

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6) Chief Legislator

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Author of the nation's public policy - pushes Congress toward major pieces of legislation

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7) Chief of party

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leader of the political party in power

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8) Chief Citizen

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represents all the people

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Formal Qualifications for Presidential Office

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Constitution provides 3 qualifications for office: 1) "Natural born citizen of the U.S." 2) 35 Years Old 3) U.S. Resident for 14 years

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Until 1951

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Constitution placed no limit on the number of terms a President may serve

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22nd Amendment (1951)

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A President may only serve 2 terms (8 years)

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Tradition limited terms to 2, 1940

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- F.D.R. elected to 4 terms

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Pay and Benefits

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For the President

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Congress

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Determines the President's salary

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Today

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$400,000 per year

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year expense allowance

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$50,000

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Lives

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in the White House - 132 Rooms

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Other stuff

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-Suit of Offices -Staff, Air Force One -Camp David -Cars -Finest Medical Care -Secret Service

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Presidential Succession

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plan by which a Presidential vacancy is filled

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25th amendment

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V.P. will become President if the President is removed from office (1967)

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Presidential Succession Act of 1947

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Established the order of succession following the V.P. - Speaker of the House, Pro-Tempore of the Senate, Sec. of State

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25th Amendment

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V.P. becomes Acting President if... (2 things)

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1) President

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notifies Congress that he can't perform his job

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2) The V.P. & Cabinet members

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inform Congress that the President is incapacitated

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Disagreement

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Congress has 21 days to decide

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Constitutional role of the VP

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1) Preside over the Senate 2) Help decide the question of presidential disability

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Other Roles

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-Balance a Presidential ticket -provide guidance & experience -endorse legislation

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If the V.P. office is vacant

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The President can nominate a new V.P. with the approval of Congress

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Today

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V.P. performs diplomatic and political chores for the President

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Presidential Succession = 2nd and 5th in line to presidency

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2nd = Speaker of the House 5th = Secretary of the Treasury

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The President can not ...

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Fire a V.P. but Can be impeached by Congress

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Last 3 Vice Presidents

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-Joe Biden -Dick Cheney -Al gore

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Presidential Primary

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an election in which a party's voters...

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1) Vote on their

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parties presidential contenders

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2) Choose the state's

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delegates for the National Convention

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Iowa

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Nation's 1st Caucus

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New Hampshire

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Nation's 1st Primary

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Winner Take All System

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The Candidate that wins a state primary will receive all the states delegates

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Proportional Representation

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Any candidate that gets a min. of 15% of the votes will be awarded their % of delegates

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National convention

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3 goals

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1) Name the Party's

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Presidential and V.P. candidates - Acceptance Speech

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2) Unite the

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party for a common purpose - Keynote Address

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3) Adopt

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a party platform- formal statement of political policy

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The Race for the Presidency

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5 steps

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Step 1

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- Fundraising

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Step 2

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-Primaries/Caucuses

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Step 3

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-Conventions

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Step 4

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-Debates

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Step 5

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-Election Day

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Incumbent President

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has party nomination almost guaranteed

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Political Experience

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Governors, Members of Congress, Military Leaders

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Presidential Characteristic

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Public Speaking, Family Man, Lawyer, Religious

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Campaigning:

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Interviews, National Tours, Rallies, Ads, Debates

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Each party focuses on

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swing voters and battleground states

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VOTERS DO NOT

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VOTE DIRECTLY FOR THE PRESIDENT, THEY VOTE FOR ELECTORS IN THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE

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# of Electors per state is = to

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the # of Reps + Senators

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Winner of the state's popular vote

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is awarded all the electoral votes

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If no candidate wins a majority of electoral votes (270)

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the election is decided in the House of Reps.

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12th Amendment

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Electors meet in the state capital and formally cast their votes

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Winner

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known by midnight of election day

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Jan 6

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official day the winner is announced

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Flaws in the electoral college

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3 flaws

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1) Win the popular vote

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but lose the electoral vote

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2) Constitution does not require the electors

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to vote for the state's winner of the pop. vote

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3) If no candidate wins the majority of the electoral vote

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the election is decided by the House of Reps. - each state has 1 vote

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Proposed reforms

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4 reforms proposed

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1) Congressional District Plan

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Each Congressional Voting District would count as 1 Electoral Vote. 2 Electors would cast their vote according to the state popular vote

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2) Proportional Plan

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Each candidate receives the same share of electoral votes as their popular vote - No winner takes all

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3) Direct Popular Election

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Eliminate the electoral college - go with direct popular vote

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4) National Bonus Plan

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National Popular Vote winner would get 102 Electoral votes in addition to the other electoral votes won

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Strengths of the Electoral College

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2 strengths

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1) It's a known process

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Reforms might bring new problems

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2) Overall

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it has decided the Presidential election quickly

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Short answer 1:

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a) Identify 6 steps in the race to become President of the USA.

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Short answer 2:

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b) Describe the process used by the Electoral College in selecting a President.

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Short answer 3:

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c) 3) Describe one proposed reform to the Electoral College System. State if you agree or disagree with the proposed reform and why.

Chapter 13 Presidency – Flashcards

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