Education 202 Chapter 2 – Flashcards
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accelerated programs
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the more rapid promotion of gifted students through school
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Advanced Placement
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courses and programs in which younger students can earn college credit
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Affective Domain
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the area of learning that involves attitudes, values, and emotions
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appropriate education
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as part of the Public Law 94-142, the principle protects the right of students with disabilities to an education that reflects accurate diagnosis
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cognitive domain
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the area of learning that involves knowledge, information, and intellectual skills
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emotional intelligence quotient (EQ)
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personality characteristics, such as persistence, can be measured as part of a new human dimension referred to as EQ. Some believe that EQ scores may be better predictors of future success than IQ scores.
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exceptional learners
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students who require special education and related services to realize their full potential. Categories of exceptionality include developmentally disabled, gifted, learning disabled, emotionally disturbed, and physically disabled
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gender similarities hypothesis
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a theory suggesting that males and females are more alike than different on most psychological and intellectual variables and therefore do not demonstrate gender-specific learning styles that require unique teaching approaches
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giftedness
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a term describing individuals with exceptional ability. The National Association for Gifted Children defines five elements of giftedness: artistic and creative talents, intellectual and academic abilities, and leadership skills. There, however, continues to be great variance in definitions of the "gifted"
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inclusion
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the practice of educating and integrating children with disabilities into regular classroom settings
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Individual Education Program (IEP)
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the mechanism through which a disabled child's special needs are identified, objectives and services are described, and evaluation is designed
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Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
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federal law passed in 1990, which extends full education services and provisions to people identified with disabilities
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learning disability
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an educationally significant language and/or learning deficit
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learning styles
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students learn in different ways and have different preferences, ranging from preferred light and noise levels to independent or group learning formats
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least-restrictive environment
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the program best suited to meeting a disabled student's special needs without segregating the student from the regular educational program
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locus of control
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Learners may attribute success or failure to external or internal factors.
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Mainstreaming (inclusion)
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the inclusion of special education students in the regular education program. the nature and extent of this inclusion should be based on meeting the speicial needs of the child.
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multiple intelligences
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a theory developed by Howard Gardner to expand the concept of human intelligence to include such areas as logical-mathematical, linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist
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neuroplasticity
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the ability of our brain to change itself and create new neural pathways
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nondescriminatory
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the principle of nondiscriminatory education, based on the Fifth and Fourteenth amendments of the U.S. Constitution, mandates that children with disabilities be fairly assessed so that they can be protected from inappropriate classification and tracking
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portfolio
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compilations of work (such as papers, projects, videotapes) assembled to demonstrate growth, creativity, and competence. Often advocated as a more comprehensive assessment than test scores
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procedural due process
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the right of children with disabilities and their parents to be notified of school actions and decisions; to challenge those decisions before an impartial tribunal, using counsel and expert witnesses; to examine the school records on which a decision is based; and to appeal whatever decision is reached
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regular education initiative
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the attempt to reduce the complications and expense of segregated special education efforts by teaching special education needs students in the standard educational program through collaborative consultation, curricular modifications, and environment adaptations
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special education
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programs and instruction for children with physical, mental, emotional, or learning disabilities or gifted students who need special educational services in order to achieve at their ability level.
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zero reject
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the principle that no child with disabilities may be denied a free and appropriate public education
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assistive (adaptive) technology
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devices that help the disabled perform and learn more effectively, from voice-activated keyboards and mechanical wheelchairs to laptops for class note taking and personal scheduling
