Early Childhood Literature and Language Final Exam – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Probably the most critical area of an infant's life that affects language growth is
answer
emotional relationships and attachment.
question
The number of brain synapses is believed to peak at
answer
24 to 36 months.
question
The reading of picture books to children younger than one year of age
answer
may create positive or negative attitudes about book reading.
question
Identify the mother who would best promote her infant's language growth.
answer
one who was confident in her infant's abilities, watchful, warm, and responsive
question
A newborn's auditory system
answer
is better developed than his sight system.
question
By the last half of an infant's first year, he reaches the milestone of
answer
sharing attention given to objects with another person.
question
Highly repetitive and simplified "parentese" is
answer
inappropriate in some cultures
question
Infants react to the speech sounds they hear and
answer
decode and divide them into abstract categories.
question
The best distance between a care giver and an infant during face-to-face imitation games is
answer
between 8 and 12 inches.
question
The critical time to diagnose and treat hearing impairment so that the child's speech develops normally is at
answer
six months of age.
question
A toddler who calls a melon a ball is displaying
answer
knowledge of balls.
question
Which of the following is a useful pivot word?
answer
where
question
When using a block as a baby bottle, the toddler is engaging in
answer
symbolic play.
question
The toddler who uses the word no in speech is
answer
may be testing to see if there is a choice.
question
Syntax involves
answer
rules and word order.
question
Phonology is connected to
answer
the sounds of speech.
question
If you were planning a toddler story time with a group of 12 toddlers,
answer
invite their mothers
question
Pragmatics involve
answer
toddlers' use of social speech conventions.
question
It is best to say the following to a toddler when you want him to go to the snack table
answer
"It is time to finish and have a snack. It's snack time."
question
The smallest unit of speech that distinguishes one utterance from another is called a
answer
phoneme.
question
A good way to promote the learning of new skills is to
answer
make sure the child has a degree of success.
question
A consonant can be described as
answer
both a speech sound and a characteristic of some alphabet letters.
question
At three years of age, most children can
answer
monologue and dialogue.
question
Most preschoolers can produce
answer
all the vowel sounds.
question
Preschool playmate friendships become
answer
more fixed and stable with age.
question
Preschoolers use self talk to
answer
direct their actions.
question
The best thing about using impact words a preschooler may find is
answer
it can cause an uproar or gain attention.
question
The wind blows the door shut, and the children insist another teacher or a mother closed the door. This is an example of children
answer
making an inference.
question
Use of the word aminal displays
answer
substituting sounds
question
When preschoolers first begin to imitate the actions of others, their play will probably involve
answer
things seen at home
question
Literacy skills are
answer
interrelated.
question
The theme approach to instruction
answer
usually involves a classroom transformation.
question
A major goal when considering social and cultural language goals is
answer
that children see the value of language and literacy in their lives.
question
Scaffolding, a teacher technique, is a teacher skill that requires a thoughtful teacher decision about
answer
the kind of comments that will suit a particular child.
question
Teachers who are playful interactors and fun-loving companions
answer
exhibit an enthusiasm for life and the company of children.
question
When a child says "He gimme dat," the teacher should
answer
accept and respond.
question
When it comes to listening to children, teachers should listen
answer
intimately and closely.
question
Early childhood teachers are models, providers, and teachers who interact as well as detectives and researchers trying to understand children's literacy behaviors.
answer
True
question
It is easier to converse with quiet children than with the more talkative ones.
answer
False
question
Most often there is a reciprocal opportunity available to teachers when children speak to them.
answer
True
question
The four areas of language arts should be taught separately from each other.
answer
False
question
Reading and writing are
answer
written forms of communication
question
According to the PowerPoint, the two communication skills that are usually learned first are
answer
listening and speaking
question
Every planned preschool activity involves language in some way.
answer
True
question
A language arts curriculum model is an overall plan for the content of instruction to be offered.
answer
False
question
Discriminating between sounds to determine their pitch, intensity and tempo in a teacher planned activity is planned to increase a child's
answer
auditory perception skill.
question
One way for a teacher to gauge whether a small group of children is listening to what is going on is to
answer
pan the group with her eyes for signs.
question
Phillipe needs to stop pushing. One technique a teacher can use is to
answer
say his name and state what is expected.
question
Probably the best thing a teacher can do to give a child the idea that teacher is listening to what the child is saying is to
answer
get down to the child's eye level and look in his eyes.
question
Some experts believe that phonological development progresses in stages; these are
answer
awareness of words, then word parts, then knowing syllables have sounds.
question
The ability to blend phonemes
answer
helps children decode words.
question
The highest grade level of information that a child understands when it is read to the child is the child's
answer
listening comprehension level.
question
The use of preschool listening games is
answer
a method of instruction.
question
When it comes to children's phonemic awareness skill,
answer
the majority of children develop it without direct instruction.
question
Which of the following typifies good listening skill?
answer
watching a speaker's face
question
A child who makes a big clay dog after hearing the picture book Clifford the Big Red Dog
answer
may be symbolizing the experience.
question
A collection of picture books that may help children with life problems, pain, and strong emotions is called a
answer
bibliotherapy collection.
question
A picture book dealing with how plants change sunlight into food is
answer
nonfiction.
question
Books with talking animals
answer
may confuse children if they cannot identify with the animals' message.
question
Children from _____________ families are more dependent on school for their progress in literacy development.
answer
low - income
question
Early American literature (1700s) for young children was
answer
often full of moral and spiritual themes
question
Educators investigate whether the illustrations in a picture book
answer
support the story.
question
Picture books dealing with the reality of young children's lives were published in quantity in
answer
from 1970 to 2000.
question
The genre of a book refers to
answer
its category such as form or content.
question
When a teacher says, "Charlette, you have a pet," at story time, he is probably trying to
answer
relate the story to the children's lives.
question
"The clock said the words one, two, three" is an example of
answer
personification.
question
A poem that does not rhyme is called
answer
free verse.
question
A poet may use a device called ____ to attract child attention.
answer
onomatopoeia.
question
Beginning child storytellers
answer
often tell a series of unrelated events.
question
Mother Goose poems typically have
answer
strong rhythm and cadence.
question
One's opening phrase in storytelling should
answer
transport listeners from conversational speech to the other-world of story.
question
Poetry often builds its unique rhythm
answer
through accented syllables.
question
Preschoolers may get the idea while telling their own stories that they can
answer
alter or influence audience feelings.
question
A fable often teaches a moral.
answer
True
question
Researchers agree that illustrations, drawings, or photographs should accompany storytelling because the benefit is greater for children compared to storytelling without visuals.
answer
False
question
A child's ability to recognize rhyming words can be linked to early ready ability.
answer
True
question
Mother Goose poetry is out of date for today's young children.
answer
false
question
Alliteration is the repetition of ending consonant sounds.
answer
False
question
A teacher trying to promote story comprehension after a storytelling session would ask which of the following questions?
answer
Could the story have a different ending?"
question
Giving teapots life in poetry is an example of
answer
personification.
question
Dramatizing and playacting engages language skills in children by
answer
remembering sequencing of events, listening, and learning speech lines.
question
Educators aware of brain-based learning strategies suggest that when presenting flannel board activities one should remember that
answer
story pieces should be colorful and contrast with a background.
question
Flannel board pieces made of colorful felt may get wrinkled or squeezed with heavy child use and can be restored with a
answer
warm iron.
question
Flannel board set pieces made for child use are
answer
vehicles children use to relive their experiences.
question
In telling a flannel board story, the teacher might
answer
use a funny voice. memorize lines. use sounds or noises when they are part of the story. all of these answers.
question
One can use ____ to create a flannel board set.
answer
a picture book
question
Playacting promotes
answer
confidence and creativity. development of self-expression.
question
Puppets can be
answer
used to relive and imitate experiences. constructed by children. challenging because of the need to coordinate speech and movement.
question
The best type of board surface material is
answer
fuzzy
question
Types of flannel board activities that can be presented to preschoolers include
answer
stories and songs. non-fiction ones. math and science ones.
question
A dramatic play kit for a classroom "supermarket" would include
answer
play money, empty food cartons, play grocery cart.
question
Although there have been teacher efforts to enhance children's dramatic play skills, teachers are urged to
answer
remain in the background unless child problems or safety is in question.
question
Building an imaginary playground and describing it is an example of a preschooler who
answer
is using discourse skills.
question
Child costumes for dramatic play should
answer
have manageable snaps and elastic.
question
Experts urge teachers to be
answer
users of "authentic" speech interactions. verbally appreciative of children's persistence at tasks. verbally responsive to children's solutions to problems.
question
If a teacher wants to correct child speech
answer
they repeat what was said by saying it back correctly without undue attention.
question
Maria has brought an expensive, fragile, antique doll for show-and-tell. The teacher should
answer
ask that children only look at the doll and then store it out of reach.
question
Seasoned teachers listen for
answer
content and ideas.
question
Teachers usually ask more of this type of question even if it is not recommended
answer
recall
question
The importance of the young child's conversing with family members in daily conversations probably can't
answer
be matched by any other family activity.
question
A feature of African-American English speakers is
answer
extreme reduction of final consonants.
question
A truly bilingual child speaks
answer
two languages with some degree of proficiency.
question
Early childhood educators rarely correct a young child's language errors because they
answer
are more concerned with meaning and intent.
question
Many children who are enrolled in special speech and language treatment programs in lower elementary school
answer
have a history of middle ear infection
question
Otitis media may affect an infant's ability to
answer
babble
question
Speech that is spoken rapidly and seems incomplete or jerky, slurred, spoken in bursts, and difficult to understand may be defined as
answer
cluttered speech.
question
The "multiple literacies" that young children who live in cultures different from the American mainstream culture experience can
answer
prove to be advantageous and promote literacy skill development.
question
At circle times, teacher will notice
answer
differences in children's ability to focus and attend.
question
Chants contain
answer
rhythmic word patterns.
question
If a group time is stretching too long, the teacher may
answer
ask the children to move their whole body in some fun rather than exciting way before continuing for a few minutes more.
question
If circle time goes badly, it may be because
answer
the setting was responsible. the teacher failed to observe certain child behaviors.
question
If conducting a group with 2 and 3 year olds their group participation may depend on
answer
their feelings of trust and security.
question
Most kindergarten teachers desire entering children ........ ?
answer
to know how to use self control.
question
"Stand if you had orange juice for breakfast and move to the door" is a
answer
transition statement
question
When learning a finger play, children usually learn the ____ first.
answer
actions or words
question
A rebus chart has
answer
pictures and print.
question
Alphabet letters and numerals both are
answer
representative symbols.
question
Considering physical growth, preschoolers' printing attempts can be described as
answer
facilitated by large-muscle development.
question
The ability to notice and use critical features of graphic symbols in a written language is called
answer
orthographic awareness.
question
The early childhood educator who is remembered for designing many teaching aids to promote printing in preschoolers through the child's sense of touch was
answer
Montessori.
question
The speed and accuracy that individual children display in naming alphabet letters is called
answer
fluency
question
When children do print alphabet letters, among the easiest to print are
answer
O and L
question
When left-handed children are using writing tools, teachers
answer
accept the child's hand preference
question
Working with preschoolers in a developmentally appropriate fashion to promote language arts involves a lot of
answer
spontaneous and incidental teaching.
question
Young children approach the act of writing
answer
as explorers
question
A child's oral vocabulary is closely related to
answer
reading comprehension and ease in learning to read.
question
Children with many experiences with stories
answer
tend to know stories have predictable segments and features.
question
Children's progress in elementary school is tied to
answer
their ability to read.
question
If you ask a young child to give you a red ball and he brings a blue one, the child does not possess the word red in his
answer
oral vocabulary.
question
The best predictor of a child's first year reading achievement is
answer
a preschooler's alphabet letter knowledge.
question
The language arts are
answer
interrelated and interdependent.
question
The size of a child's reading vocabulary refers to
answer
words he recognizes in print.
question
Those who study research usually recommend that early literacy instruction in a preschool should concentrate on
answer
phonemic awareness, comprehension, vocabulary, and fluency.
question
Today the field of reading instruction seems to lack consensus concerning
answer
best practices for teaching reading.
question
Transitional kindergartens have developed to
answer
increase language skills over the summer.
question
Chalkboards in preschool classrooms
answer
can provide clever and creative language-related activities.
question
Display areas are
answer
important instructional areas.
question
Families can usually have more educationally pertinent conversations with their children than teachers because
answer
their background experiences are more common.
question
Family members who read to young children should
answer
talk about what the illustrations tell them.
question
If television viewing in a preschooler's home takes place, parents are urged to
answer
both discuss it and monitor programs for appropriateness and quality.
question
It is likely that a preschooler who learns to read early
answer
will enjoy playing outdoors, as do other children and will watch less television than other children
question
One way to encourage reading in the home is to
answer
plan a family reading time.
question
One welcomed edition to a language center might be
answer
printscript strips with children's and staff's names.
question
Selecting computer programs involves screening for
answer
violence. child control of pace and action. its ability to be used by one child or more.
question
The text suggested families might
answer
make up chants for boring household jobs. take family photos and label them with their children. sing songs with rhyming words.
question
Computers do not really offer young children creative opportunities.
answer
false
question
Block areas generate large amounts of child communication.
answer
true
question
Displays should be at adult's eye level if possible.
answer
false
question
Adult readers of picture books should mention an author's name but not an illustrator's name.
answer
false
question
Educators need to be careful about always talking about families that consist of both moms and dads.
answer
true