Question 1

It is best to include a combination of examples and practice, rather than all practice.  T or F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 2

Individuals with a learning orientation find that errors and mistakes cause anxiety.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 3

Behavior modification is a training method that is primarily based on _____.  Goal setting theory Information processing theory Expectancy theory Reinforcement theory

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement theory

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true of training?  It is important to realize that for training to be effective, both learning and transfer of training are needed.  Transfer of training is to be considered only after the completion of training.  Transfer of training involves having employees who already have mastered the learning outcomes demonstrate them for trainees.  Recognizing employees\' preferences regarding how they want to learn is not advisable.

Accepted Answer

It is important to realize that for training to be effective, both learning and transfer of training are needed.

Question 5

Which of the following creates a learning orientation in trainees?  Emphasizing trained task performance  Allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills  Emphasizing competition among trainees  Ensuring trainees completely avoid errors and mistakes

Accepted Answer

Allowing trainees to experiment with new knowledge and skills

Question 6

Instrumentality is similar to self-efficacy.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 7

Providing self-management training is an example of an internal learning condition.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 8

The learning cycle for a trainee begins with a(n) _____.  Reflective observation Concrete experience Abstract conceptualization Active experimentation

Accepted Answer

Concrete experience

Question 9

According to the _____, transfer will be maximized when the tasks, materials, equipment, and other characteristics of the learning environment are similar to those encountered in the work environment.  Theory of identical elements Stimulus generalization approach Cognitive theory of transfer Information processing theory

Accepted Answer

Theory of identical elements

Question 10

_____ is a person\'s judgment about whether he or she can successfully learn new knowledge and skills.

Accepted Answer

Self-efficacy

Question 11

The stimulus generalization approach is more appropriate for open skills than for closed skills.  T or F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of the internal conditions necessary for learning?  Providing trainees opportunities to practice new skills  Recall of training content  Strong messages provided to trainees from credible sources  Verbal persuasion

Accepted Answer

Recall of training content

Question 13

Which of the following examples best reflects an attitude as a learning outcome?

Accepted Answer

Gain a greater appreciation for work-life balance

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true of organizing as a learning strategy?  It focuses on memorization of training content.  It focuses on learning through repetition of training content.  It requires the learner to find similarities and themes in the training material.  It requires the trainee to relate the training material to other, more familiar knowledge, skills, or behaviors.

Accepted Answer

It requires the learner to find similarities and themes in the training material.

Question 15

In the context of expectancy theory, _____ relates to trainees\' beliefs that they perform the trained skill.  Expectancy Instrumentality Self-efficacy Valance

Accepted Answer

expectancy

Question 16

In the learning processes, semantic encoding typically involves _____.  Informing learners of the lesson objective Providing learning guidance to individuals Providing learners cues that are used in recall Providing feedback about performance correctness

Accepted Answer

providing learning guidance to individuals

Question 17

Identical elements are maximized when the learning environment matches the trainee as closely as possible.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 18

Closed skills are highly influenced by managers, peers, and the work environment.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 19

_____ refers to the learner\'s involvement with the training material and assessing their progress toward learning.  Automatization Self-regulation Elaboration Generalization

Accepted Answer

Self-regulation

Question 20

_____ refers to individual control over one\'s thinking.  Modeling Instrumentality Valence Metacognition

Accepted Answer

Metacognition

Question 21

Intellectual skill as a learning outcome primarily includes the capability to _____.  State or describe previously stored information Apply generalizable concepts and rules to solve complex problems Execute a physical action with precision and timing Choose a personal course of action

Accepted Answer

apply generalizable concepts and rules to solve complex problems

Question 22

In general, it is best to promote a performance orientation among trainees.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 23

Most educational theories historically have been developed exclusively to educate children.  T or F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 24

Developing a computer program that meets customer specifications is an example of an intellectual skills learning outcome.  T or F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 25

_____ is a learning process that involves identifying learned material in long-term memory and using it to influence performance.  Generalizing Semantic encoding Retrieval Gratifying

Accepted Answer

Retrieval

Question 26

_____ refers to practicing a task continuously without breaks.

Accepted Answer

Massed practice

Question 27

Logical verification to increase self-efficacy typically involves _____.  Perceiving a relationship between a new task and a task already mastered Trying out the observed behaviors to see if they result in the same reinforcement that a model received Motivating trainees by having employees who have mastered the learning outcomes demonstrate them Determining the degree of support for using newly acquired capabilities

Accepted Answer

Perceiving a relationship between a new task and a task already mastered

Question 28

Behavior modeling is a training method that is primarily based on _____.  Goal setting theory Social learning theory Expectancy theory Reinforcement theory

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory

Question 29

The working storage and semantic encoding processes of learning both relate to short-term memory.  T or F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 30

Adult learning theory assumes that adults enter a learning experience with a subject-centered approach to learning.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 31

Which of the following statements is true of closed skills?  They require the trainee to adapt the general principles to fit a wide range of circumstances.  They refer to training objectives that are linked to general learning principles.   They refer to skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on the job.  They are more difficult to train than open skills.

Accepted Answer

They refer to skills that are to be identically produced by the trainee on the job.

Question 32

In the context of adult learning theory (andragogy), group discussions would likely be less appropriate than the traditional lecture method.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 33

For more complex tasks, relatively long rest periods appear to be beneficial for learning.  T or F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 34

The stimulus generalization approach emphasizes near transfer of training.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 35

Juan, an operations manager, has been assigned to train a group of older employees in the logistics department. He has to train them to use new computer software. He begins by reminding them that they were quick in learning the old software. Juan is trying to _____.  Increase the employees\' self-efficacy Deter expectancies of employees Create motor reproduction Raise the valence of the behavior

Accepted Answer

increase the employees\' self-efficacy

Question 36

Learner-learner interaction is most appropriate when learners have to _____.  Master a task that is completed alone Maximize their critical thinking and analysis skills Acquire personal knowledge based on experience Enhance their self-awareness and self-assessment

Accepted Answer

acquire personal knowledge based on experience

Question 37

Good decisiveness, practical application of ideas, and hypothetical deductive reasoning are characteristics of individuals with a(n) _____ learning style.

Accepted Answer

converger

Question 38

_____ use concrete experience and reflective observation and are good at generating ideas and seeing a situation from multiple perspectives.  Divergers Assimilators Convergers Accommodators

Accepted Answer

Divergers

Question 39

In expectancy theory, the belief that performing a given behavior is associated with a particular outcome is called _____.  Valence Instrumentality Maintenance Generalizing

Accepted Answer

instrumentality

Question 40

Which of the following is a disadvantage of communities of practice (COPs)?  Employees are reluctant to participate without an incentive and fear sharing their knowledge with others.  COPs are not naturally occurring in companies; hence, they have to be forced.  Social interaction is discouraged; hence, learning occurs off the job.  COPs make it tedious for employees to share best practices, learn from one another, and improve business processes.

Accepted Answer

Employees are reluctant to participate without an incentive and fear sharking their knowledge with others

Question 41

In error management training, trainees are instructed that errors hamper learning and should largely be avoided.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 42

Which learning outcomes relate to the ability to design and code a computer program that meets customer requirements?  Cognitive strategies Attitudes Intellectual Skills Motor skills

Accepted Answer

Intellectual Skills

Question 43

Identical elements are more appropriate for open skills as opposed to closed skills.  T or F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 44

_____ relates to the learner\'s decision regarding what information to attend to, how to remember, and how to solve problems.   Cognitive strategy Motor skill Attitude Verbal information

Accepted Answer

Cognitive strategy

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