Nursing Theorist: Sister Callista L. Roy (The Adaptation Model) – Flashcards
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When was Callista Roy born?
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October 14, 1939
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Where was Roy born?
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Los Angeles, California
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What organization did Roy join?
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Sisters of Saint Joseph Carodelet
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Who did Roy work with that would influence her to develop her model with the goal of nursing being the PROMOTION OF ADAPTATION?
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Dorothy E Johnson
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1. Introduction to Nursing: An Adaptation Model 2. Essentials of the Roy Adaptation Model 3. Theory Construction in Nursing: An Adaptation Model 4. Essentials of the Roy Adaptation Model 5. Roy Adaptation Model: The Definitive Statement
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Roy's Published Journals
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A set of part connected to function as a whole for some purpose
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System
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Comprises a zone indicating the range of stimulation that will lead to a positive response. Can also be describes as integrated, compensatory or compromised
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Adaptation Level
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The degree of wholeness achieved by adapting to changes in needs
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Integrity
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> Refers to the "way a person responds as a physical being to stimuli from the environment" > Involve the body's basic needs and ways of dealing with adaptation in regards to 4 Complex Processes: SENSES, FLUIDS AND ELECTROLYTES, NEUROLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTIONS > 5 Basic Needs including OXYGENATION, NUTRITION, ELIMINATION, ACTIVITY AND REST, AND PROTECTION > Goal: PHYSIOLOGICAL INTEGRITY
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Physiological Mode
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> Refers to psychological and spiritual characteristics of the person > Consists of all the beliefs and feelings that one has formed about oneself, including body image and self-ideals > Formed from both internal perception and perceptions of others > Changes overtime and guides one's actions > Incorporates two components: - Physical - Personal > Goal: PSYCHOLOGICAL/PHYSIC INTEGRITY
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Self-Concept Mode
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> Refers to the primary, secondary or tertiary roles the person performs in society > Defined as "the functioning unit of society who has a set of expectations about how a person occupying one position behaves towards a person occupying another position" > Deals with knowing where one stands as a member of society > Goal: SOCIAL INTEGRITY
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Role Function Mode
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> Refers to the coping mechanisms arising form close relationships, resulting form "the giving and receiving of love, respect and value" > These contributive and receptive behaviors occur between the person and the most significant other or between the person and his/her support system > Goal: AFFECTIONAL ADEQUACY
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Interdependence Mode
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This coping mechanism occurs through neural, chemical and endocrine processes. Automatic responses to stimuli
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Regulator Subsystem
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The internal process associated with the Regulator Subsystem. Refers to "the established structures, values and daily activities whereby participants accomplish the primary purpose of the group and contribute to the common purpose of society"
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Stabilizer Subsystem
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This coping mechanism occurs through cognitive-emotive processes. Perceptual and information processing learning, judgement and emotion are emphasized in this subsystem.
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Cognator Subsystem
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This internal process is associated with the Cognator Subsystem. Refers to cognitive and emotional strategies that allow a person to change to higher level of potential
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Innovator Subsystem
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> Data is gathered about the person's behavior as an adaptive system in regards to the 4 adaptive modes > Broken down into 2 categories: - Observable. Ex: Vital Signs - Non-observable. Ex: Emotions and Feelings
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Assessment of Behavior
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> Defined as any change in the internal and external environment that induces a response in the adaptive system > The nurse analyzes subjective/objective behaviors and look more deeply for the possible causes of a particular set of behaviors > 3 categories: -Focal -Contextual -Residual
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Assessment of Stimuli
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Internal/external phenomena immediately requiring the attention and response of the person.
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Focal Stimuli
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All stimuli present in the situation that contribute to the effect of the focal stimulus.
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Contextual Stimuli
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Any other phenomena that arises from a person's internal/external environment. This may affect the focal stimulus but the effects are relatively unclear.
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Residual Stimuli
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Formulation of statements that interpret data about the adaptation status of the person, including the behaviors and most relevant stimuli
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Nursing Diagnosis
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Establishment of clear statements of the behavioral outcomes for nursing care which is realistic and attainable. This is done together with the client.
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Goal Setting (Planning)
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Determination of how best to assist the person in attaining the established goals.
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Intervention (Implementation)
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Judging the effectiveness of the nursing intervention in relation to the behavior after it was performed in comparison with the goal established.
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Evaluation
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> Considered as a biopsychosocial being > In constant interaction with a changing environment > Uses innate and acquired mechanisms to adapt > Considered to be an adaptive system described as a whole comprised of parts > Functions as a unity with some purpose > Main task is to maintain integrity against environmental stimuli
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Person
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> Promotes adaptation in the 4 adaptive modes for the individual(s). > Eliminates ineffective coping mechanisms > Serves as facilitators of adaptation > Assesses patient behavior(s) for adaptation > Helps patients react positively to stimuli
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Nursing
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> _________ and illness are inevitable dimensions of a person's life > Represented by a ________-illness continuum > A state and a process of being and becoming integrated and whole > Defined as the state in which humans continually adapt to stimuli > The result of a process where _____ and illness can coexist > Humans must be able to maintain health in order to reach completeness and unity within themselves
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Health
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> The source of a variety of stimuli that either threaten or promote the person's unique wholeness > A stimulus or input that requires a person to adapt > Can be positive or negative > 3 categories: Focal, Contextual and Residual
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Environment
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> Useful as it outlines the features of the discipline and provides direction for practice > The model considers goals, values, the client and the practitioner interventions
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In Practice
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The model is a valuable tool to analyze overlap and distinctions between the professions of nursing and medicine.
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In Education
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The model does generate many testable hypothesis related to practice and theory.
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In Research
