Biology 2 ch 3 – Flashcards
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Plasma membranes are permeable to
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Nonpolar molecules such as CO2
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The nucleus of a cell
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Contains DNA
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The function of the nucleolus is
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To manufacture ribosomal RNA
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Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
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Stores ions in muscle cells
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The two main functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum are the production of
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A membrane and proteins secretes by the cell
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The Golgi apparatus
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Stores, modifies, and packages proteins
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The function of mitochondria is
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Cellular respiration
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Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means that
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The plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others
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Small, nonpolar, hydrophobic molecules such as fatty acids
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Easily pass through a membrane's lipid bilayer
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Which of the following substances would have the most trouble crossing a biological membrane by diffusing through the lipid bilayer?
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Na+
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Oxygen crosses a plasma membrane by
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Passive transport
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Diffusion does not require the cell to expand ATP. Therefore diffusion is considered a type of
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Passive transport
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Osmosis can be defined as
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The diffusion of water
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A cell that neither gains nor loses water when it is immersed in a solution is
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Isotonic to its environment
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Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires __________ and moves a substance __________ its concentration gradient
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Transport proteins... Down
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The molecules responsible for membrane transport are
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Proteins.
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The process of a white blood cell engulfing a bacterium is
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Phagocytosis
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A major function of glycoproteins and glycolipids in the cell membrane is to
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Allow the body to recognize its own tissues and organs
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Most of the functions of the cell membrane are performed by
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Proteins
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Relaying a message from a membrane receptor to a molecule that performs a specific function within a cell is called
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Signal transduction
