Anatomy Endocrine System Test Practice Questions – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Which of the following would result from the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex?
answer
An increase in the plasma sodium concentration
question
Which of the following hormones is produced by chromaffin cells?
answer
Epinephrine
question
A healthy individual with plasma glucose levels of ____________ would be expected to show ___________ plasma insulin.
answer
100mg/dl ; normal
question
The disease condition resulting from excessive growth hormone from childhood is known as:
answer
Gigantism
question
The pancreas is located:
answer
Immediately inferior to the stomach, between the duodenum and spleen
question
What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?
answer
The presence of a receptor for that particular hormone
question
Gluconeogenesis is activated in the liver due to the action of:
answer
Both glucagon and cortisol
question
Virtually all of the amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through intracellular ________________.
answer
Second messengers
question
Which of the following is true regarding cortisol?
answer
It promotes break down of fat and protein
question
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are produced in the:
answer
Hypothalamus
question
Cretinism is a condition resulting from:
answer
Hyposecretion of the thyroid beginning in childhood
question
Decreased insulin secretion by the pancreas would result in each of the following except:
answer
An increase in the conversion of glucose into glycogen by the liver.
question
Which of the following is not a steroid based hormone?
answer
Epinephrine
question
Which of the choices below is not a factor in target cell activation by a hormone?
answer
Type of hormone
question
Which of the following makes it possible for even a small quantity of hormone to have a strong effect on its target cell?
answer
Enzyme amplification
question
The amino acid tryptophan is used in the synthesis of what?
answer
melatonin
question
Which pancreatic islet cell is correctly matched with its hormonal product?
answer
Beta cells: insulin
question
Cortisol has all of the following effects EXCEPT:
answer
Decreased plasma glucose
question
Suckling and breast-feeding have their most direct positive-feedback effect on the release of:
answer
Prolactin
question
A patient with a ____________ deficiency would most likely present with muscle cramps and spasms and tingling in the extremities. Blood tests would show hypocalcemia (low plasma calcium levels).
answer
Parathyroid hormone
question
T4 and T3 are _______ hormones that are mainly transported ________ in the blood.
answer
monoamine ; bound to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG)
question
ADH_____________.
answer
Release is inhibited by alcohol
question
Mineralocorticoids are products of the _________.
answer
Zona reticularis (in the adrenal cortex)
question
Diabetes insipidus is caused by _________________.
answer
ADH hyposecretion
question
Aldosterone exerts its effects on the __________ by stimulating ____________.
answer
Kidney tubules ; sodium reabsorption
question
The adrenal medulla secretes _______ to enhance the ________ response of the autonomic nervous system.
answer
Epinephrine & norepinephrine ; sympathetic
question
The transcription of new mRNA would be a function of hormones secreted from:
answer
Zona glomerulosa
question
The parathyroid glands are located on the ____________ surface of the thyroid gland.
answer
posterior
question
Hypoglycemia, dehydration, light-headedness, and low blood pressure would likely be signs of ________________.
answer
adrenal insufficiency
question
Oxytocin ________________.
answer
Release is an example of positive feedback control mechanisms
question
Which of the following statements about diabetes mellitus is FALSE?
answer
Both type I and type II DM are characterized by lack of, or low levels of insulin.
question
Which of the following is NOT a cause of Cushing syndrome?
answer
Excess cortisol secretion
question
The nervous system reacts to stimuli ______ compared to the endocrine, adapts _______ compared to the endocrine, and has _______ effects compared to the endocrine system.
answer
quickly; quickly; specific
question
When plasma calcium levels are _______, the hormone ________ will stimulate ________ to restore the levels to normal.
answer
Below 9 mg/dl ; PTH ; osteoclasts
question
Graves' disease can result in all of the following EXCEPT:
answer
Lower metabolic rates
