Biology 1050 Practice Quiz 1 – Flashcards
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Which of the following is an important feature of the scientific method?
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Anyone should be able to repeat an experiment.
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__________ is the smallest chemical unit of a type of pure substance.
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An atom
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Diabetes is a disease in which:
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there is an inability to regulate blood sugar.
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Your friend believes astrology should be considered a scientific discipline and you want to explain to her why it is not. Which of the following arguments is the MOST sound reason why astrology is not considered a true scientific discipline?
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Astrology cannot be tested and proved by controlled experiments.
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A hypothesis can best be described as ________.
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a proposed explanation based on observation
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What is the correct sequence of steps in the scientific method?
I. State the problem
II. Analyze and interpret the data
III. Develop a hypothesis
IV. Share the results with other scientists
V. Design and perform an experiment to test the hypothesis
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C. I - III - V - II - IV
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How many hydrogen bonds are explicitly represented in this figure?
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A. 4
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Which of the following is a primary function of fats?
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long term energy storage
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What is the meaning of the phrase "correlation does not imply causation"?
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Just because two variables vary in a similar pattern does not mean that changing one variable causes a change in the other.
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The set of analytical and mathematical tools designed to help researchers gain understanding from the data they gather is called:
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statistics.
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Scientists investigating a drug to cure a disease in domestic hogs conduct experiments. In these experiments, what would be the experimental group?
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hogs that receive the drug being tested.
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In a study of texting while driving, drivers drove an obstacle course of cones in a parking lot, either texting or not texting.The number of cones knocked over during each trip was recorded. Which of the following was the independent variable?
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whether or not the driver was texting
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Thinking scientifically relies on which of the following?
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objective observation and experimentation
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In controlled experiments
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one variable is manipulated while others are held constan
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Which of the following is usually employed before the others by an investigator using the scientific method?
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make observations
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Which of the following is the BEST description of a control group in an experiment?
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The control group is identical to each test group except for one variable.
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The nucleus of an atom is usually made up of:
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A. protons, that which a positive charge, and neutrons, which have no electrical charge.
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If your hypothesis is rejected, then:
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you may still have learned something important about the system you were testing.
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hypothesis
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possible explanation that answers your question should be testable and falsifiable
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falsifiable
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chance that hypothesis is false or unsupported by evidence " all swans are white"
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empirical data
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based on experience that are rational,testable, and repeatable (trore)
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scientific method
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observation, hypothesis,devise a testable prediction, conduct an experiment, and draw conclusions and make revisions
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independent variable
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the condition that is manipulated
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dependent variable
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variable that is affected by the manipulation of the independent variable
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control
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unmanipulated point of comparison
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treatment
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manipulated point of comparison
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Statistics
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set of analytical and mathematical tools designed to help researchers gain understanding from the data they gather
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what is correlation not?
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Causation
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inductive research
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develops theories
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deductive research
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test theories
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anecdotal observations
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people conclude that there is or is not a link between two things
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all living things
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contain a common set of biological molecules ( cells, enzymes, and hormones)
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homeostasis
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roughly constant internal environment
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Form and function
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cells are shaped differently according to what they are needed for
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protons
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positive charge in the nucleus/ same as the atomic number
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neutron
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neutral and in the nucleus
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electron
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negative and on the outer shell- electrons are involved in bonding and reactions
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nucleus
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center of the atom
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CHNOP
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carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and phosphorus
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isotopes
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same number of protons but different number of neutrons and gives a different atomic mass
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atomic number
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number of protons
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mass number/atomic mass
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sum of the number of its protons and neutrons
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electron shells
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electrons move around the nucleus in designated ares called electron shells. an atomic shells have as many as 7 electron shells total. 1 shell= 2 2nd shell = 8
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atom stability
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atoms become stable when there outermost shell is filled to capacity
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covalent bond
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atoms share electrons like ( coworkers sharing the same job)
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diatomic molecule
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when two atoms share electrons (
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organic chemistry
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chemistry of life
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ionic bonding
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lose or gain an electron
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water is
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less dense than oil
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non-polar
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formed through ionic bonding
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polar
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formed through covalent bonding
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freezing is
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0 degrees celsius
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room temperature
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27 degrees celsius
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boiling
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100 degrees celsius
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phase change of water
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ice, water, steam
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cohesion
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stick to what's similar to them
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adhesion
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when two unalike substances stick together
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density
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when molecules pool together
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frozen water
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less dense because molecules are further apart
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liquid water
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more dense because the water molecules are closer together
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hydrophilic
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anything able to dissolve in water ( sugar, salt, flour ...)
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hydrophobic
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anything that won't dissolve in water ( oil/ wax)
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heat capacity
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water molecules will stay bonded until they reach a certain temperature
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water is the
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universal solvant
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macromolecules
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carbohydrates.
lipids.
proteins.
nucleic acids
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carbohydrates
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used for energy/fuel/ contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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monosaccarides
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glucose
sucrose
maltose
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disaccharides
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sucrose/ table sugar
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polysaccharide
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starch, cellulose- glycogen is a polysaccaride- related to the glycemic index its supposed to store sugar in the liver
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insulin
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hormone made in the pancreas - helps moves move glucose from the blood to the cells of the body
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complex carbohydrates
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better than fructose diets -sustained energy
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monomers of proteins
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carbohydrates
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monomers of carbohydrates
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monosaccharides
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danger of low carb diets
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ketosis - stress to the kidneys and heart disease
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glycemic index
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scale from 0-100 tells about the blood sugar level
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high fructose corn syrup- hfcs
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found in a ll non diet soft drinks and many other foods/ polysaccharide -high glycemic index value
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empty calories
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no vitamins and minerals
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fructose
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may be metabolized more like a lipid than a carb
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not all carbohydrates are digestible
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chitin - shell of shrimp and cellulose- stringy plant fiber
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Glycogen belongs in the class of molecules known as:
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polysaccharides
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Which of the following is an important feature of the scientific method?
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Anyone should be able to repeat an experiment.
