Chap 12 – Flashcards
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Receptors for the general senses are found . . .
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. . . widely distributed throughout the body.
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Receptors for the special senses are found . . .
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. . . primarily in the head.
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The brain interprets input from sensory receptors as . . .
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. . . perception.
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Sensory receptors include . . .
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mechanoreceptors; chemoreceptors; photoreceptors.
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The ability to ignore your socks around your ankles demonstrates . . .
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. . . sensory adaptation.
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The sequence of information flow in response to biting into a slice of pizza is . . .
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. . . sensory receptors activated, impulse sent to CNS, sensation, perception.
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Max returns to his dorm room late at night to find his roommate throwing up. The smell is at first so bad that Max wants to vomit too, but after helping his roommate clean up, the odor seems to fade. Max has experienced . . .
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. . . sensory adaptation.
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Sensory impulses are stimulated at receptors by . . .
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local changes in their cell membrane potentials.
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Chemoreceptors
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Olfactory receptors which provide smell
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A sensation is ______, and projection of a sensation is the ______.
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a feeling that results from sensory stimulation; brain causing it to seem to come from the receptors being stimulated
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Which of the following are paired correctly?
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(All of the above); Baroreceptors—stimulated by blood pressure changes; Pain receptors—stimulated by damage to tissues; Thermoreceptors—stimulated by temperature changes
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Henry has hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy. He lacks . . .
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. . . nociceptors.
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The war veteran experiences an intense burning sensation seeming to come from where his foot had been amputated. He most likely has . . .
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. . . reflex sympathetic dystrophy.
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Another name for pain receptors is . . .
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. . . nociceptors.
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Pain impulses are first processed in the . . .
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. . . gray matter of the posterior horn.
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Fibers of the spinothalamic tract transmit pain and temperature information to the . . .
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. . . thalamus.
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A pole vaulter keeps track of his position in mid-air through . . .
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. . . proprioceptors.
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Pain receptors differ from other somatic receptors by . . .
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. . . adapting very little, if at all.
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Temperature senses use two types of . . .
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. . . free nerve endings
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Pain receptors
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respond to factors that can damage tissue
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The Golgi tendon organ is stimulated more when . . .
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. . . muscle tension increases.
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As a result of the tympanic reflex . . .
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. . . vibrations are transmitted less effectively to the inner ear.
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Taste receptors
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Modified epithelial cells
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Which is not a primary taste sensation?
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Pungent
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The hearing receptors are most closely associated with the . . .
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. . . spiral organ.
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The range of human hearing is about . . .
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. . . 20-20,000 vibrations per second.
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Which is part of the inner tunic of the eye?
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Retina
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The lens of the eye thickens when the . . .
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. . . ciliary muscles contract.
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Visual sensations from images focused on the side of the retina are blurred because . . .
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. . . there are more rods than cones in this region.
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The color receptors in the retina are most sensitive to light waves that are . . .
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. . . red, green, and blue.
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Stereoscopic vision results when the . . .
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. . . images in the eyes are different.
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Arnold enters a darkened movie theater on a sunny summer afternoon. It takes many minutes for his eyes to adapt to the darkness because . . .
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. . . it takes some time for the retina to rebuild its rhodopsin stores from opsin and retinal.
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Rhodopsin is found in _____ cells.
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rod
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Light is refracted when it passes . . .
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. . . between media of different optical densities at an oblique angle.
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As they extend from the retina to the brain, the nerve fibers . . .
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. . . from the nasal half of each retina cross over.
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Anosmia
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loss of smell
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If you were a physician evaluating a young person who has conductive deafness, which of the following would you consider in your differential diagnosis?
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A torn tympanic membrane
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If a person's right visual cortex is damaged, the injury will most likely affect vision from the . . .
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. . . nasal side of one eye and the temporal side of the other eye.
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Umami
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The taste receptor that amino acids such as glutamic acid activate
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Alkaloids
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Bitter receptors sense
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Jenny slumps up a plate of beef lo me in at a Chinese restaurant. "That tastes great, but I can't quite describe it." What type of taste sensation is she experiencing?
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Umami
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Movement of hair cells in the semicircular canals signals . . .
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the direction of motion
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Treatment for cataract is usually removal of the . . .
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. . . lens
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Glaucoma is usually caused by . . .
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. . . accumulation of aqueous humor.
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Farsightedness after the age of forty-five is most likely caused by . . .
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. . . loss of lens capsule elasticity.
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A person who is colorblind lacks . . .
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. . . one type of photopigment.
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The painkiller sold as Ziconotide comes from a . . .
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. . .snail
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Opiate drugs used to treat pain come from a . . .
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. . . plant.
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Lorelei thinks of the days of the week and months of the year as particular colors. She has . . .
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. . . synesthesia.
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Smell and taste disorders may be caused by . . .
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a side effect of a drug; allergies; a head injury.
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A cochlear implant treats . . .
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. . . sensorineural deafness.
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Otosclerosis affects the . . .
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. . . auditory ossicles.
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Astigmatism
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A curvature defect of the lens or cornea in which some parts of an image are in focus on the retina and other parts are blurred and vision is distorted
