Chem 1010 Ch. 10 – Flashcards
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A strong acid tends ________. (to be strongly polar, to form negatively charged ions when dissolved in water, to form positively charged ions when dissolved in water, all of the above)
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all of the above
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For the following acid-base reaction, identify which salt is formed.
HCl + NaOH ⇌ ???? + H2O
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NaCl
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Which of the following statements about buffers is untrue?
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The pH of a buffer solution cannot change.
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An acid and a base react to form a salt, which consists of positive and negative ions. Which forms the positive ions: the acid or the base? Which forms the negative ions?
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The acid forms the negative ion, the base forms the positive ion
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According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as a base?
OH- + NH4+ → H2O + NH3
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OH-
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According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as an acid?
H2O + NH3 → OH- + NH4+
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H2O
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As the pH increases, the hydroxide ion concentration ________.
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gets larger
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Along with the pH scale, there is the pOH scale, which indicates the level of "basicity" in a solution. Accordingly, pOH = -log[OH-]. What is the sum of the pH and the pOH of a solution always equal to?
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the negative of the product of the hydronium and hydroxide ions
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What best describes what happens when an acid such as HCl is mixed with water?
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The proton chemically bonded to the chlorine is transferred to a water molecule and forms a chloride ion and a hydronium ion.
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What is an acid?
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anything that donates hydrogen ions
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Which of the following statements is not true about a neutralization reaction?
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Water is always formed in a neutralization reaction.
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Can an acid and a base react to form an acid?
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Yes. An acid and a base can react to form an acid if the acid is a strong acid and the base is a weak base.
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For the following acid-base reaction, identify what is formed in the space marked.
HF + KOH ⇌ ???? + H2O
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KF
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If the pH of a solution was 7 and you were to increase the hydronium ion concentration 1000x, what would the pH be?
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4
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If the pH of a solution is 10, what is the hydronium ion concentration?
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1 × 10-10 M
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According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as a base?
H2O + NH3 → OH- + NH4+
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NH3
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Does the hydride ion, H⁻, tend to behave as an acid or a base?
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Hydride ion has a pair of electrons and acts like a Lewis base since it has a strong tendency to lend or donate that electron pair
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A weak acid is added to a concentrated solution of hydrochloric acid. Does the solution become more or less acidic?
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Less acidic, since the solution becomes more dilute with a less concentrated solution of hydronium ions being added to the solution
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According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as an acid?
H2O + H2SO4 → H3O+ + HSO4-
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H2SO4
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According to the following reaction, which molecule is acting as a base?
H3O+ + HSO4- → H2O + H2SO4
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HSO4-
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How do you make a proton out of a hydrogen atom?
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remove an electron from a hydrogen atom
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For the following reaction, identify whether the compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base.
H3PO4 + H2O ⇌ _____H2PO4-____ + H3O+
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base
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For the following reaction, identify whether the compound in bold is behaving as an acid or a base.
H3PO4 + H2O ⇌ H2PO4- + ____H3O+______
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acid
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What is a base?
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anything that accepts a hydrogen ion
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What happens to the pH of an acidic solution as water is added?
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The pH will increase as the solution becomes more dilute
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Which of these substances is most basic?
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milk of magnesia
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Which of these substances could not act as a Bronsted-Lowry base?
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NH4+
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Which of these acids forms when wine is left exposed to oxygen for extended periods?
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acetic
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Which of these is the best definition of an Arrehenius base?
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Any substance that produces OH− ions in solution
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Which of these substances is a strong acid?
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HCl
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Which of these statements concerning pH is incorrect?
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If the pH < 7 then the solution is basic
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Which of these pairs represent the products of this dissociation in water?
Mg(OH)2 → ____ + ____
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Mg+2, 2OH−
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Which of these acids is a parent molecule for making aspirin?
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salicylic
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Which of these sets indicating relative acid strength is correct?
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H2CO3> NH3
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Which of these substances is an acid?
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CH3COOH
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The formula of the hydronium ion is
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H3O+.
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Which of these substances is a base?
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NaHCO3
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Which of these sets indicating relative acid strength is correct?
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HCl > CH3COOH
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Which of these substances is a weak acid?
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HCOOH
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Which of these substances is most basic?
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blood
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Which of these substances is most acidic?
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soft drinks
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Which of these statements about strong acids is correct?
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Acids which dissociate 100% into ions.
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Which of these has the smallest [H3O+]?
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pH = 13
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Which of the following substances is a base? (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
sodium bicarbonate, ammonia, all of the above)
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all of the above
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Which of these acids is responsible for the tartness of vinegar?
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acetic
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Which of these acids is a component in vinegar?
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CH3COOH
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Which of these acids is found in stomach acid?
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hydrochloric
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Which of these are properties of acids?
I. sour
II. turn litmus blue
III. dissolve some metals
IV. slippery
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I and III
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Which of these is the primary ingredient in baking soda?
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NaHCO3
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Which of these has the greatest [H3O+]?
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pH = 2
