EMT Chapter 12 – Flashcards

Inadequate circulation of the blood throughout the body is called? hypotesion shock perfusion hypoxia

what are the three components of the perfusion triangle? arteries, veins, capillaries plasma, red blood cells, platelets heart, brain, lungs heart, blood vessels, blood

you suspect your patient is in shock you note the patients skin is pale. This is likely due to ? an increased heart rate peripheral vasodilation peripheral vasoconstriction hypothermia

shock i due to severe infection is called? septic sock neurogenic shock anaphylactic shock hypovolemic shock

your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. this will likely lead to? hypovolemic shock cardiogenic shock neurogenic shock septic shock

foods, medications, and insects are common causes of septic shock anaphylactic shock cardiogenic shock neurogenic shock

your patient is in shock but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation this is called? compensated shock decompensated shock late shock irreversable shock

as you approch a patient lying at the side of the roadway you observe severe bleeding from the leg. What should your first action be? check for a pulse control the bleeding open the airway administer oxygen

when should nonlifesaving interventions be preformed for your multisystem trauma patient? en route to the hospital prior to transport during the primary assessment immediately after the injuries are discovered

to protect vital organs the body compensates by directing the flow away form the organs that are more tolerant of low flow such as? the skin the heart the brain the lungs

pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during? septic shock neurogenic shock cardiogenic shock anaphylactic shock

which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause obstructive shock? liver laceration Cardiac Tamponade Simple Pneumothroax spinal cord injury

Distributive shock occurs when: a. an injury causes restriction of the heart muscle and impairs its pumping function. b. severe bleeding causes tachycardia in order to distribute blood to the organs faster c. temporary but severe vasodilation causes a decrease in blood supply to the brain d. widespread dilation of the blood vessels cause blood to pool in the vascular beds

in an acute injury setting neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by hypovolemia tachycardia diaphoresis hypothermia

hypovolemic shock caused by sever burns is the result of a loss of plasma platelets whole blood red blood cells

when assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock it is important to remember that a.the patient's respirations are deep during the early stages of shock b. blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock c. multiple fractures are the most common cause of hypovolemic shock d. irreversible shock often responds well to prompt blood transfusion

when treating an 80 year old patient who is in shock it is important to remember that a. compensation from the respiratory system usually manifests with increased tidal volume b. the older patients; central nervous system usually reacts more briskly to compensate for shock c. medications older patients take for hypertension often cause and unusually fast heart rate d. changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying which increases risk for vominiting

A 25 year old unrestrained female struck the steering wheel with her chest when her car hit a tree while traveling at a high rate of speed. she has signs and symptoms of shock which you suspect are the result of intrathoracic bleeding which of the following interventions will provide the patient the greatest chance of survival High flow oxygen administration full mobilization of her spine intravenous fluid administration rapid transport to a trauma center

which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax? early administration of high flow oxygen rapid administration of intravenous fluids decompression of the injured side of the chest positive pressure ventilation with bvm

a 20 year old male has a large laceration to his wrist he is holding a blood soaked towel over the wound but in continues to bleed rapidly you should apply pressure to the brachial artery apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist administer high flow supplemental oxygen wrap the towel with pressure bandages

regulation of blood flow is determined by oxygen intake systolic pressure cellular need diastolic pressure

the action of hormones such as epinephrine and norepinephrine stimulates _______ to maintain pressure in the system and as a result perfusion of all vital organs an increase in hear rate an increase in the strength of cardiac contractions vasoconstriction in nonessential areas all of the above

basic causes of shock include poor pump function blood or fluid loss blood vessel dilation all of the above

non cardiovascular causes of shock include respiratory insufficiency and sepsis metabolism anaphylaxis hypovolemia

neurogenic shock is caused by a radical change in the size of the vascular system massive vasoconstriction low volume fluid collecting around the spinal cord causing compression of the cord