Computer Concepts 2016 exam 1 – Flashcards

most graphics software use a process called pixel ____ to create new pixels by averaging the color of nearby pixels

a color image with a color depth of 24 bits or 32 bits

What are factors in the quality of digital video

requires seven bits for each character, plain unformatted text

all of the above: ​digital television ​videoconferencing systems ​video messaging

The number of frames that are displayed per second is measured in _____

the number of times per second that a sound is measured during the recording process, higher quality, higher rate

altering the pixel colors where the edges of the object and the background meet, so that the object appears to merge with the background

MP4 AVI VOB

technique for adding light and shadows to a 3-D image

the process of creating a 3-D solid image by covering a wireframe drawing and applying computer-generated highlights and shadows

transmission speeds are expressed in, the way all data stored and transmitted by digital devices is encoded

bytes

WMA WAV MP3

microprocessors can't directly understand programming languages, so programs have to be converted into ______ that corresponds to the microprocessor's instruction set

A(n) _____________ contains a collection of instructions for actions that the circuitry in a microprocessor can perform

type of computer you should consider purchasing if you want a portable system that is great for consuming content such as ebooks, music, and videos but not great for creating content or multitasking

iOS android windows RT

Durability Dependability Capacity

temporary holding area for data and programs, volatile

refers to the part of a digital device that holds the system board

increased security risk, possible service outage, discontinuation of service

high price of storage

In a microprocessor, it fetches instructions

amount of data a storage device can move per second from the storage medium to RAM

What type of IP address would you want to run a Web server or FTP server from your home?

ISPs, internet service providers, comcast

use many of the same network technologies as the Internet

type of mobile broadband service has maximum download rates of 300 Mbps and upload rates of 75 Mbps

internet addresses are controlled by this protocol, glossary says communications protocol used to transmit web pages, Hypertext Transfer Protocol

on a network, any device that stores or generates data is considered ______ , computers and other devices connected to a network to send or receive data

1,024 or 2^10 bits, used for slow data rates, per second, like dial up connection

1,024 or 2^10 bytes, used when referring to the size of small computer files

1,048,576 or 2^20 bits, used for faster data rates, internet connections

1,048,576 or 2^20 bytes used when referring to the size of picture or video files

2^30 bits, used for really fast network speeds

2^30 bytes, used to refer to storage capacity

2^40 bytes large storage hard drives

2^50 bytes

2^60 bytes

DCE you would use if you wanted to extend a wired network by adding more ports (per teacher, textbook has this wrong)

type of communication protocol that converts data into standard formats that can be used by applications

type of network topology allows for redundant paths between devices that can be used to bypass failed devices

file sharing protocol distributes the role of a file server across a collection of dispersed computers, poses security risk

can be animated

These files are smaller than WAV files, have lower sound quality, Disadvantage is it cannot produce vocals, commands that create this type of music by specifying the note to play, its duration and the instrument that plays it

composed of letters, symbols, numerals that are NOT used in calculations, name, social security number, etc.

software that analyzes the words in a section of text, finds corresponding phonemes, and combines them into sentences for output

process of converting audio and video files from one digital format to another, causes digital videos loss of quality, ex MOV file to Flash video file

instead of storing the color value for each pixel, a file contains instructions that a computer uses to create the shape, size, position, and color for each object in an image, smaller than bitmap

in a digital video, as long as the proportion of horizontal and vertical pixels remain the same the _______ is consistent, Example widescreen 16:9

stored as a grid work of colored dots, resolution dependent because each element is a discrete pixel, is not solely a photo

graphics formats that DON'T offer, they are not, lossy compression

JPEG any data compression technique in which some of the data is sacrificed to obtain more compression;

consists of a set of instructions for creating a picture

width x height

technical term for ripping music tracks

not all all remote storage is considered ____________

is x86 compatible

When a peripheral device is connected or disconnected while the host device is operating

world's largest chipmaker and supplies a sizable percentage of the microprocessors that power desktops and laptops

Intel's original numbering sequence

technology for recording data onto disks or tape, ex: a hard disk drive

are energy efficient

the process in which a computer executes a single instruction, NOT all parts are performed by the microprocessor's control unit, SOME are performed by the microprocessor's control unit and other parts are by the ALU

has a nozzle like print head that sprays ink onto paper to form characters or graphics

paints dots of light on a on a light sensitive drunk, electrostatically charged ink is applied to the drum and transferred to paper

not volatile, stable

can be used as a substitute for a hard disk drive, stores data in erasable, rewritable circuitry, rather than on spinning disks or streaming tape

the most widespread wireless channels for communication networks

protocol that provides a way to transfer files from one computer to another over any TCP/IP network, such as a LAN or the Internet

packet loss of less than 2% is required

data bits are lost in transit, requiring them to be resent, significantly increases the time required for an intact message to arrive at its destination

multiple networks that have different topologies

use unlicensed frequencies that are available for public use, do NOT require applying to the FCC for permissions

spurred the development of sophisticated, distributed protocols such as BitTorrent

wired connection, rated speed and range are very close to actual performance

many contain no power source of their own and depend on the receiving device to provide the power for data exchange

most internet connections are, with upload speeds considerably less than download speeds

is an example of a file hosting service

one of the first packet switching computer networks using TCP/IP and the prototype for the internet, used in colleges

organization that supervises internet addressing, the top-level authority for supervising domain name requests, internet name requests

is technically a measure of capacity.​

an be used to access the Internet from a laptop or desktop computer.​

consumers are generally connected to tier 2 or 3

You can bypass an outage by changing your _______ , maintain lists of all domain names and corresponding IP addresses

Data must be retransmitted

can reach up to 300 feet from your router

faster than TCP but does not perform error checking and cannot reorder packets if they have been received out of order.

cant be used to send data over the internet, the router must keep tract of your activities so it must be public

classified according to their size and geographic scope

a measure of frequency to 1 billion cycles per second, computers are advertised in this speed

In a display device, it is the time it takes for one pixel to change from black to white then back to black

composed of various stand alone parts, such as display unit, system unit, keyboard, connected with wires to make up a desktop computer, NOT a popular for digital devices

attached to a computer with cables or a wireless connection.​

have two rows of pins that connect the chip to the circuit board

have pin cushion like pins arranged across entire surface to connect to circuit board

substances with properties between those of a conductor and insulator

provides a way to compress data and reconstitute it into its original state.​ TIFF, PNG, GIF

in a digital video ___________ reduces the bit rate

method for representing numbers using only two digits: 0 and 1.

method for representing numbers that uses 10 digits

the way to measure bandwith of a channel that carries digital data

router modem hub

type of network topology that connects a peripheral device to a host device

type of internet access involves using cellular data networks

responsible for dividing files into chunks, adding headers containing information for reassembling packets in their original order, and error checking

type of network topology connects multiple devices to a central device

type of network cover a large geographical area and usually consists of several smaller networks, which might use different computer platforms and network technologies.​

technology divides a message into several packets that can be routed independently to their destination.​

network that forms the Internet backbone

Fixed type of Internet access

usually arranged in a star topology with computers wired to central switching circuitry that is incorporated in modern routers

______ is data that is entered into a computer. ______ is the result produced by a computer.​

advantages include display clarity, low radiation emission, portability, and compactness.​

Which of the following is based on computer technology

Originally called microcomputers, designed to meet the computing needs of individuals

Modern refrigerators, washing machines, and other appliances are controlled by integrated circuits called ____________ that combine sensors with processing circuitry

The part of the data bus that runs between the microprocessor and RAM

most popular battery type used in today's electronic devices is

At its time of construction, one of the fastest computers in the world

optical storage technology stores data permanently on a disc, which cannot be subsequently added to or changed.​

is software that helps a peripheral device establish communication with its host device

Digital data can be __________ that have been converted into discrete digits such as 0s and 1s.​

color display devices represent color using this, use of red, green and blue light that can be combined to create the full spectrum of colors

The process of converting information, such as text, numbers, photos, or music, into digital data that can be manipulated by electronic devices

compressed files have this at the end of their file name

AAC, MP3, Ogg, WAV, WMA

music, speech, and other sounds represented in binary format for use in digital devices

data consists of numbers that can be used in arithmetic operations

enables people to control software with spoken commands, as well as dictate text into a word processing document

In the context of bitmap graphics editing, what technique employs algorithms that pull pixels from one area of an image and then apply them to another area

Most music for portable media players is stored in _______ audio file formats

what are Internet addresses are controlled by

processors manufactured by AMD are x86 compatible

virtual endpoint for data entering and leaving a digital place, not a physical port or physical circuit

The number of colors available in a graphic

What is a type of bitmap format

the software that compresses a video stream when a video is stored, and decompresses the file when the video is played

why hard disk drives are so popular

What is an example of an expansion port

The main circuits on the system board that carry data

type of network connects smart devices or consumer electronics within a range of about 30 feet (10 meters) and without the use of wires or cables

the symbols that represent people, events, things, and ideas

Digital photographs are stored as ______

computer programs such as operating or utility software that help the COMPUTER carry out essential tasks

technically a measure of capacity

Which of the following file extensions is NOT a vector graphic ​.svg ​.eps ​.tif ​.ai

What is another term for vector graphics software

The primary purpose of ________ software is to help the computer system monitor itself in order to function efficiently

Which type of network topology connects a peripheral device to a host device

a series of instructions for a computing task can be loaded into a computer's memory

the time your battery lasts before it must be replaced

Most music for portable media players is stored in _______ audio file formats