Ankle and Lower Leg – Flashcards
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Which of the following is not a sign of anterior compartment syndrome:
Deep aching pain
Weakness in gastrocnemius
Increased compartment pressure due to swelling
Reduced tension in foot
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Weakness in gastrocnemius
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Anterior Compartment Syndrome
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Increased pressure within one of the compartments of the lower leg
Can cut off all nerve supply to the foot
Caused by direct trauma and overuse
S/S - deep aching pain, tightness, sw, decrease circulation and sensation, decrease ability to dorsiflex foot, numb toes
TX - ice and elevation, don't compress, immediate referral to doc; may need surgery to cut fascia to release pressure
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Neuromuscular control of the ankle specifically uses ____ exercises to prevent ankle injuries.
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Balance
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The most common mechanism of injury of the foot complex is:
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Plantar flexion and Inversion
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Third degree inversion ankle sprains are often associate with:
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Total rupture of lateral ligaments
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Which of the following is not an example of a functional test you should perform with an athlete after an injury:
Hop on injured foot
Run figure 8's
Walk on toes
Walk on lateral borders of feet
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Walk on lateral borders of feet
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A condition that occurs when the tissue fluid pressure has increased because of the confines of the fascia and/or bone resulting in compression of muscles, nerves, and blood vessel is called:
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Compartment syndrome
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Shin splints are often associated with all of the following except:
Overuse
Tibia weakness
Muscle weakness
Improper shoeware
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Tibia weakness
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In the lower leg there are ___ separate compartments containing muscles, tendons, blood vessel, and nerves.
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Four
Anterior - dorsiflexion, tibialis anterior, toe extensors
Superficial Posterior - plantar flexion, gastrocnemius, soleus
Lateral - eversion, peroneus longus, peroneus brevis
Deep posterior - inversion, tibialis posterior, toe flexors
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Stress fractures are associated with
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Complaints of pain that increases after activity
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The shin is vulnerable to contusion because
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The tibia is close to the surface of the skin
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Eversion ankle sprains are associated with which of the following:
Tearing of calcaneofibular lig
Tearing of deltoid lig
Lig contusion
Fibula fracture
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Tearing of deltoid lig
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The difference between a 2nd and 3rd degree ankle sprain is the:
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increased amount of tissue damage with a 3rd degree sprain
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The most frequently fractured bone of the ankle complex is the:
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Tibia
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T/F
Proper footwear can prevent some of the common ankle injuries.
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True
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T/F
The ankle joint is capable of dorsiflexion, plantar felsion, inversion, and eversion.
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True
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T/F
The distal end of the tibia becomes enlarged, rounded, and projecting as it approaches the ankle, thus forming the lateral malleolus.
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False
Medial Malleolus
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T/F
A tight heel cord forces the foot in dorsiflexion, making it more susxeptible to a lateral ankle sprains.
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False
Plantar Flexion
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T/F
The best way to prevent ankle injury is through strengthening and ankle bracing.
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True
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T/F
Tape that constricts soft tissue can cause serious injury by disrupting the biomechanics of the other joints in the foot.
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True
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T/F
The Achilles tendon rupture is a common injury in older athletes.
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F
Younger
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T/F
Treatment for a compartment syndrome include ice, compression, and elevation.
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False
Don't compress
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T/F
Mild tearing for lateral lig with the little loss of motion or function is characteristic of a 2nd degree ankle sprain.
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False
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T/F
If not properly evaluated, a compartment syndrome can lead to permanent disability due to the pressure on nerves and blood vessels.
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True
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T/F
The use of a BAPS board to strengthen the ankle is a good preventative tools for an athlete.
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True
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3 lateral ankle ligaments
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Anterior Tibiofibular
Anterior Talofibular
Calcaneofibular
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3 reasons why ankle eversion sprains are less common than inversion ankle sprain
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Bony block
Strong lig
Mechanism of injury
