Ch 14 practice exam – The brain and cranial nerves – Flashcards

Which of these is not one of the main divisions of the adult brain? A) cerebrum B) diencephalon C) prosencephalon D) mesencephalon E) pons

Which of the following lies between the cerebrum and the brain stem? A) medulla oblongata B) pons C) mesencephalon D) diencephalon E) cerebellum

The floor of the diencephalon is formed by the A) hypothalamus. B) thalamus. C) brain stem. D) mesencephalon. E) myelencephalon.

The cerebellum and pons develop from the A) telencephalon. B) diencephalon. C) mesencephalon. D) metencephalon. E) myelencephalon.

Sensory information is processed and relayed to the cerebrum by the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) midbrain. D) thalamus. E) cerebellum.

The tracts that connect the cerebellum to the brain stem are located in the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) mesencephalon. D) diencephalon. E) thalamus.

Autonomic centers that control blood pressure, heart rate, and digestion are located in the A) medulla oblongata. B) pons. C) mesencephalon. D) diencephalon. E) cerebellum.

A neural cortex is found on the surface of the A) cerebral hemispheres. B) pons. C) cerebellum. D) all of the above E) A and C only

The ________ provides the principal link between the nervous and endocrine systems. A) cerebellum B) medulla oblongata C) cerebrum D) pons E) hypothalamus

The thin partition that separates the first and second ventricles is the A) falx cerebri. B) septum pellucidum. C) septum insula. D) interventricular foramina. E) cerebral aqueduct.

Each lateral ventricle communicates with the third ventricle through a(n) A) aqueduct of Sylvius. B) cerebral aqueduct. C) aqueduct of midbrain. D) interventricular foramen. E) medulla oblongata.

The third and fourth ventricles are linked by a slender canal designated as the A) central canal. B) tentorium cerebelli. C) mesencephalic aqueduct. D) interventricular foramina. E) pontine canal.

The ventricle associated with the pons and upper medulla is the A) first. B) second. C) third. D) fourth. E) lateral.

The dural sinuses are located in the A) paranasal cavity. B) arachnoid. C) pia mater. D) dural folds. E) tentorium cerebelli.

What structure is covered by many blood vessels and adheres tightly to the surface of the brain? A) pia mater B) arachnoid C) dura mater D) cranial plexus E) choroid plexus

The dural fold that projects into the longitudinal fissure between cerebral hemispheres is called the A) dural sinus. B) falx cerebri. C) tentorium cerebelli. D) falx cerebelli. E) choroid plexus.

What contains a spiderweblike network of cells and fibers through which cerebrospinal fluid flows? A) subdural space B) dural sinus C) falx cerebri D) subarachnoid space E) pia mater

Which of the following is not a function of cerebrospinal fluid? A) provides cushioning for delicate neural tissues B) provides buoyant support for the brain C) acts as a transport medium for nutrients D) provides ATP for impulse transmission E) acts as a transport medium for waste products

Cerebrospinal fluid A) is secreted by ependymal cells. B) is formed by a passive process. C) is normally produced twice as fast as it is removed. D) has almost the same composition as blood plasma. E) both B and D

Absorption at the arachnoid granulations returns CSF to the A) third ventricle. B) arterial circulation. C) venous circulation. D) fourth ventricle. E) central canal.

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the subarachnoid space through the A) interventricular foramina. B) aqueduct of Sylvius. C) dural sinus. D) lateral and median apertures. E) falx cerebri.

Cerebrospinal fluid enters the blood circulation at the A) jugular veins. B) dural drain. C) superior sagittal sinus. D) tentorium cerebelli . E) frontal sinus.

Which of the following is a property of the blood-brain barrier? A) The capillary endothelial cells are interconnected by tight junctions. B) It is generally permeable to lipid-soluble compounds. C) Astrocytes surround the CNS capillaries. D) It is absent in portions of the hypothalamus. E) all of the above

The nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus A) are located in the medulla oblongata. B) relay somatic sensory information to the thalamus. C) pass motor information to the cerebellum. D) both A and B E) A, B, and C

The pons contains A) sensory and motor nuclei for four cranial nerves. B) nuclei concerned with the control of respiration. C) tracts that link the cerebellum with the brain stem. D) both B and C E) A, B, and C

Overseeing the postural muscles of the body and making rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium are functions of the A) cerebrum. B) mesencephalon. C) cerebellum. D) pons. E) medulla oblongata.

The cerebellar hemispheres are separated by a band of cortex called the A) flocculonodular lobe. B) arbor vitae. C) folia. D) vermis. E) pyramid.

The white matter of the cerebellum forms the A) flocculonodular lobe. B) arbor vitae. C) folia. D) vermis. E) pyramid

The tract that links the cerebellum with the pons is the A) superior cerebellar peduncle. B) inferior cerebellar peduncle. C) middle cerebellar peduncle. D) longitudinal fibers. E) obverse fibers.

The medulla oblongata relays auditory information to the A) substantia nigra. B) red nuclei. C) cerebral peduncles. D) superior colliculi. E) inferior colliculi.

The regions of the mesencephalon that issue subconscious motor commands that affect upper limb position and background muscle tone are the A) tecta. B) red nuclei. C) cerebral peduncles. D) superior colliculi. E) inferior colliculi.

Nerve fiber bundles on the ventrolateral surface of the mesencephalon are the A) tegmenta. B) corpora quadrigemina. C) cerebral peduncles. D) superior colliculi. E) inferior colliculi.

Which of the following is a property of the mamillary bodies? A) control reflex eating movements B) process olfactory information C) located in posterior hypothalamus D) shaped like little breasts E) all of the above

Stimulation of the reticular formation results in A) increased consciousness. B) sleep. C) coma. D) decreased cerebral function. E) B, C, and D

Which of the following is a function of the thalamus? A) secrete cerebrospinal fluid B) secrete melatonin C) process sensory info and relay it to the cerebrum D) store memories E) regulate food intake

Which of the following is (are) true of the epithalamus? A) contains the choroid plexus and pineal gland B) forms the roof of the diencephalon C) processes sensory infor and relays it to the cerebrum D) all of the above E) A and B only

The anterior nuclei of the thalamus A) are part of the limbic system. B) secrete pituitary hormones. C) secrete melatonin. D) receive axon collaterals from the optic nerve. E) both B and C

The medial nuclei of the thalamus A) are part of the limbic system. B) connect emotional centers in the hypothalamus with the frontal lobe. C) produce the hormone oxytocin. D) process visual information. E) process olfactory information.

The ventral nuclei of the thalamus A) receive input from basal ganglia. B) receive input from cerebellum. C) receive general sensory input. D) A, B and C. E) B and C only

The posterior nuclei of the thalamus include the A) pulvinar. B) lateral geniculate. C) medial geniculate. D) A, B and C E) B and C only

The optic tracts carry visual information from the retina to the A) pulvinar. B) lateral geniculates. C) medial geniculates. D) supraoptic nuclei. E) paraventricular nuclei.

The ________ relay auditory information to the auditory cortex. A) pulvinar B) lateral geniculates C) medial geniculates D) supraoptic nuclei E) paraventricular nuclei

The ________ integrate(s) sensory information for projection to the cerebral cortex. A) pulvinar B) lateral geniculates C) medial geniculates D) supraoptic nuclei E) paraventricular nuclei

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus? A) produces ADH B) controls autonomic centers C) regulates body temperature D) secretes oxytocin E) all of the above

The mamillary bodies of the hypothalamus A) regulate lactation. B) secrete oxytocin. C) control feeding reflexes. D) control heart rate and blood pressure. E) secrete antidiuretic hormone

The tectum of the mesencephalon contains the A) substantia nigra. B) red nuclei. C) superior and inferior colliculi. D) cerebral peduncles. E) basal ganglia.

The ________ receive visual input from the lateral geniculates. A) substantia nigra B) red nuclei C) cerebral peduncles D) superior colliculi E) inferior colliculi

Which of the following is not a component of the limbic system? A) amygdaloid body B) cingulate gyrus C) globus pallidus D) hippocampus E) fornix

Which of the following is not a property of the limbic system? A) contains cerebral and diencephalic components B) functions in maintaining homeostasis in cold weather C) located between the border of the cerebrum and diencephalon D) links conscious functions of the cerebral cortex with unconscious functions of the brain stem E) functions in emotions, learning, and memory

The ________ is important in storage and recall of new long-term memories. A) amygdaloid body B) cingulate gyrus C) mamillary bodies D) hippocampus E) fornix

A tract of white matter that connects the hippocampus with the hypothalamus is the A) amygdaloid body. B) cingulate gyrus. C) mamillary bodies. D) hippocampus. E) fornix.

The two cerebral hemispheres are separated by the A) longitudinal fissure. B) central sulcus. C) transverse fissure. D) parieto-occipital sulcus. E) postcentral sulcus

Divisions of the cerebral hemispheres that are named after the overlying skull bones are A) fissures. B) sinuses. C) lobes. D) sulci. E) gyri.

The cerebral area posterior to the central sulcus is the A) parietal lobe. B) temporal lobe. C) frontal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) insula

The superior border of the temporal lobe is marked by the A) insula. B) longitudinal fissure. C) central sulcus. D) lateral sulcus. E) parieto-occipital sulcus

The region of the cerebral cortex superior to the lateral sulcus is the A) parietal lobe. B) temporal lobe. C) frontal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) A and C

The region of the cerebral cortex that is medial and deep to the temporal lobe is the A) parietal lobe. B) temporal lobe. C) frontal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) insula

The primary motor cortex is the surface of the A) insula. B) precentral gyrus. C) postcentral gyrus. D) arcuate gyrus. E) corpus callosum

The surface of the postcentral gyrus contains the ________ cortex. A) primary sensory B) primary motor C) visual D) olfactory E) auditory

The visual cortex is located in the A) frontal lobe. B) parietal lobe. C) temporal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) insula.

The auditory cortex is located in the A) frontal lobe. B) parietal lobe. C) temporal lobe. D) occipital lobe. E) insula

Cortical regions that interpret sensory information or coordinate motor responses are called ________ areas. A) commissural B) sensory C) association D) somesthetic E) processing

The region of the brain responsible for predicting the consequence of events or actions is the A) prefrontal cerebral cortex. B) occipital association cortex. C) reticular formation. D) temporal lobe. E) cerebral ganglia

The sense of taste projects to the gustatory cortex located in the ________ and ________. A) insula; parietal lobe B) frontal lobe; temporal lobe C) insula; frontal lobe D) precentral gyrus; prefrontal cortex. E) corpus callosum; fornix

The corpus callosum is composed of A) arcuate fibers. B) longitudinal fasciculi. C) association fibers. D) commissural fibers. E) projection fibers

The internal capsule of the cerebrum is composed of A) arcuate fibers. B) longitudinal fasciculi. C) association fibers. D) commissural fibers. E) projection fibers

Within each hemisphere, deep to the floor of the lateral ventricle, you will find the A) anterior commissures. B) basal nuclei. C) motor association areas. D) visual cortex. E) auditory cortex.

Which of the following is not one of the basal nuclei? A) caudate nucleus B) globus pallidus C) putamen D) hippocampus E) amygdaloid body

The ________ is located at the tip of the tail of the caudate nucleus. A) amygdaloid body B) claustrum C) putamen D) globus pallidus E) corpus striatum

The putamen and globus pallidus are frequently considered to be subdivisions of the A) caudate nucleus. B) claustrum. C) lentiform nucleus. D) corpus striatum. E) limbic system.

The cardiovascular reflexes are based in the A) cerebrum. B) mesencephalon. C) cerebellum. D) medulla oblongata. E) spinal cord.

The highest levels of information processing occur in the A) cerebrum. B) diencephalon. C) cerebellum. D) medulla oblongata. E) corpus callosum.

Higher-order functions A) can be adjusted over time based on experience. B) involve complex interactions among areas of the cortex. C) combine both conscious and unconscious info processing. D) all of the above E) B and C only

The basal nuclei A) plan and coordinate voluntary muscle activity. B) provide the general pattern and rhythm for movements such as walking. C) coordinate sensory information. D) control the secretions of the pituitary gland. E) control respiration and blood pressure.

The adult human brain contains almost ________ of the body's neural tissue. A) 15 percent B) 25 percent C) 68 percent D) 97 percent E) none of the above

Male brains are typically ________ compared to female brains. A) larger B) smaller C) the same size D) very smooth E) more convoluted

The medulla oblongata regulates A) blood pressure. B) food intake. C) respiration. D) both A and B E) both A and C

The ________ filters and relays sensory information to cerebral cortex. A) cerebrum B) thalamus C) pons D) medulla oblongata E) cerebellum

During embryonic development, which of the following secondary brain vesicles will form the cerebrum? A) telencephalon B) diencephalon C) mesencephalon D) metencephalon E) myelencephalon

Specialized ________ cells form the secretory component of the choroid plexus. A) epididymal B) ependymal C) appended D) both A and B E) both B and C

As you ascend from the medulla oblongata to the cerebrum, the functions of each successive level become A) more complex. B) simpler. C) better understood. D) less crucial to visceral functions. E) both A and D

Which of the following help to protect the brain? A) the blood-brain barrier B) the bones of the skull C) the cranial meninges D) the CSF E) all of the above

Ependymal cells work to A) surround the capillaries of the choroid plexus. B) secrete CSF into the ventricles. C) remove waste products from CSF. D) all of the above E) B and C only

The choroid plexus produces CSF at a rate of about A) 500 mL/day . B) 250 mL/day. C) 50 mL/day. D) 1000 mL/day. E) 150 mL/day

As CSF circulates, ________ between it and the interstitial fluid of the CNS is unrestricted between and across the ependyma. A) osmosis B) perfusion C) diffusion D) convection E) conduction

The cells that cover the outer surfaces of CNS endothelial cells are the A) blastocytes. B) astrocytes. C) monocytes. D) leukocytes. E) lymphocytes.

Which antibiotic enters the CNS without difficulty because it easily crosses the blood-brain barrier? A) tetracycline B) doxycycline C) sulfadiazine D) periostat E) actisite

The respiratory rhythmicity center is located in A) the pons. B) the cerebrum. C) the medulla oblongata. D) the cerebellum. E) all of the above

The cerebellum can be permanently damaged by stroke or temporarily affected by drugs or alcohol. The resulting disturbance in motor control is known as A) ataxia. B) aphasia. C) dysphagia. D) A or C E) B or C

Damage to the substantia nigra causes a decrease in the neurotransmitter dopamine. This causes a gradual, generalized increase in muscle tone, which is the main symptom of A) Parkinson disease. B) rabies. C) Alzheimer disease. D) myasthenia gravis. E) tetanus

________ centers receive information from many association areas and direct extremely complex motor activities such as speech. A) Frontal B) Integrative C) Communication D) Terminal E) Vocal

You suspect your friend has damage to cranial nerve I when he is unable to A) smell his food. B) smile. C) blink his eyes. D) nod his head. E) all of the above

________ is a condition resulting from an inflammation of a facial nerve. A) Cerebral palsy B) Bell palsy C) Addison disease D) any of the above E) A or B

________ is a disorder affecting the ability to speak or read. A) Aphasia B) Ataxia C) Apraxia D) Bell palsy E) all of the above

________ is a temporary cerebral disorder accompanied by abnormal movements, unusual sensations, and/or inappropriate behavior. A) Dyslexia B) Apraxia C) Aphasia D) Parkinson disease E) A seizure

A(n) ________ is a printed record of the brain's electrical activity over a period of time. A) electrocardiogram B) electroencephalogram C) x-ray D) MRI E) CT scan

The only sensation that is received directly by the cerebrum is A) olfaction. B) gustation. C) hearing. D) vision. E) dizziness.

The control of heart rate and blood pressure is based in the A) cerebrum. B) cerebellum. C) diencephalon. D) medulla oblongata. E) heart.

Which of these dural folds is mismatched with its location? A) falx cerebri; transverse fissure B) tentorium cerebelli; covering cerebellum C) falx cerebelli; between cerebellar hemispheres D) A and C only E) None are mismatched.

The layer of the meninges that closely follows every gyrus and sulcus is the A) pia mater. B) dura mater. C) arachnoid membrane. D) neural cortex. E) subarachnoid mater

Damage to the corpora quadrigemina would interfere with A) control of autonomic function. B) regulation of body temperature. C) visual and auditory reflex movements of the head and neck. D) conscious control of skeletal muscles. E) control of breathing.

If the corpus callosum is surgically cut, A) the two cerebral hemispheres operate independently. B) symptoms of the "disconnection syndrome" appear. C) objects touched by the left hand can be recognized but not verbally identified. D) conscious decisions are made without regard to sensations from the left side. E) all of the above

A person with a damaged visual association area may be A) unable to see rows of letters. B) declared legally blind. C) unable to recognize letters but able to identify whole words and their meanings. D) able to see letters but unable to associate them into words. E) unable to understand spoken words

There are ________ pairs of cranial nerves. A) 2 B) 6 C) 12 D) 22 E) 31

Droopy eyelids and double vision can result from injury to the ________ nerve. A) optic B) oculomotor C) trochlear D) olfactory E) abducens

The cranial nerves that innervate the eye muscles are A) I, II, and III. B) III, IV, and VI. C) II, III, and IV. D) II and VI. E) III and V.

The cranial nerve that has three major branches is the A) abducens. B) facial. C) vagus. D) trigeminal. E) glossopharyngeal.

Sensory innervation of the lower teeth and gums is by the ________ nerve. A) ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal B) maxillary branch of the trigeminal C) mandibular branch of the trigeminal D) glossopharyngeal E) hypoglossal

Gustatory information reaches the brain by way of A) cranial nerve I B) cranial nerve II C) cranial nerve X D) cranial nerve IV E) cranial nerve IX

Difficulty in swallowing may be a sign of damage to which cranial nerve(s)? A) vagus B) facial C) glossopharyngeal D) A, B, and C E) A and C only

A reflex that is used to assess the sensory function of the trigeminal nerve is the ________ reflex. A) corneal B) tympanic C) auditory D) vestibulo-ocular E) consensual

The tympanic reflex A) produces rapid blinking when something comes into contact with the cornea. B) restricts the movement of auditory ossicles. C) triggers a blink in response to sudden noises. D) causes the eyes to move in the opposite direction of a rotational movement of the head. E) causes the pupil of the eye to constrict when subjected to a bright light.