anatomy chapter 15 homework (urinary system) – Flashcards
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Which of the following is NOT a correct description of the hilum of the kidney?
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The hilum is on the most superior surface of the kidney
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Which part of the nephron is involved in filtration?
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glomerular capsule
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Which of these is NOT normally found in urine?
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glucose
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What part of the kidney attaches to the ureter?
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renal pelvis
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Which part of the nephron receives fluid from the glomerular capsular space?
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proximal convoluted tubule
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What part of a nephron is responsible for reabsorbing all the nutrients and most of the water?
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proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)
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Which of these is a nitrogenous waste associated with muscle tissue?
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creatinine
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What is one reason urinary tract infections are more common in females?
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The female urethra is only 1.5 inches long.
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What causes the internal urethral sphincter to open?
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pressure from the contracting bladder
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Which of these must you consciously relax for micturition to occur?
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external urethral sphincter
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Which fluid compartment contains the greatest fluid volume?
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intracellular fluid (ICF)
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What is the primary action of antidiuretic hormone?
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It causes kidney-collecting ducts to reabsorb more water.
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What is the mechanism of aldosterone?
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It causes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion
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There are three regions of the kidney; the outermost region is known as the ________
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renal cortex
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The functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine is the ________.
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nephron
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Which one of the following terms describes the location of the kidneys?
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retroperitoneal
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Starting from the glomerular capsule, the correct order of the renal tubule regions is ________
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proximal convoluted tubule, nephron loop (loop of Henle), distal convoluted tubule
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The nonselective, passive process performed by the glomerulus that forms blood plasma without blood proteins is called
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glomerular filtration
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The tube connecting each kidney to the urinary bladder is the
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ureter
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The process of emptying the urinary bladder is known as voiding or
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micturition
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he voluntarily controlled sphincter fashioned by skeletal muscle at the point where the urethra passes through the pelvic floor is called the
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external urethral sphincter
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In males, the urethra is part of both the urinary system and
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reproductive system
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About two-thirds of body fluid is found within living cells; this fluid is called the
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intracellular fluid or ICF
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The hormone released by the posterior pituitary to prevent excessive water loss in the urine is
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antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
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The chemical buffer system that includes carbonic acid and its salt, which ties up the H+ released by strong acids, is called the
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bicarbonate buffer system
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The need to urinate frequently at night, which plagues over 50% of the elderly, is called
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nocturia
