Molecular Biology Chapter 14 Practice Questions – Flashcards

What is the main chemical energy currency in cells?

Which of the following processes involves a membrane?

Which of the following drives the production of ATP from ADP and Pi by ATP synthase?

In the electron transport chain, as electrons move along a series of carriers, they release energy that is used to:

The organelles that produce ATP in eukaryotic cells:

Which of the following organisms do not have mitochondria in their cells?

In mitochondria, with the complete breakdown of glucose, about how many molecules of ATP can be produced for each molecule of glucose oxidized?

TRUE OR FALSE: Mitochondria can change their location, shape, and number in the cell to suit the needs of a cell.

Which of the following is NOT true of mitochondria?

TRUE OR FALSE: The outer membrane of a mitochondrion is permeable to all small molecules, including small proteins.

In a eukaryotic cell, where are most of the proteins for the electron transport chain located?

Which of the following is not a direct source of fuel for mitochondria?

The electron transport chain accepts high-energy electrons from:

Which of the following statements is true about the electron transport chain?

The movement of electrons through the electron transport chain:

In mitochondria, what is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

The electron transport chain pumps protons:

It is energetically favorable for protons to flow in which direction?

When protons move down their electrochemical gradient into the mitochondrial matrix, they:

ATP synthase:

What occurs when ATP synthase pumps H+ across a membrane against the electrochemical proton gradient?

TRUE OR FALSE: The proton gradient can drive the active transport of metabolites into and out of the mitochondrion.

What is the ratio of ATP and ADP concentrations in the cytosol of a cell?

Why does a single molecule of NADH result in the production of more ATP molecules than a single molecule of FADH2 via oxidative phosphorylation?

Cellular Respiration:

In the electron transport chain, what provides the main reservoir for protons that are pumped across the membrane?

Which of the following statements is NOT true of electron transfer in the electron transport chain?

When the difference in redox potential between two pairs of molecules is highly positive, then the transfer of the electrons is:

As electrons move through the electron transport chain, they are passed from:

Which of the following is true?

NADH has a strong tendency to:

Ubiquinone has a redox potential of +30 mV, while cytochrome c has a redox potential of +230 mV. In the electron transport chain, electrons flow from:

When O2 accepts electrons in the electron transport chain, O2 becomes _______. (oxidized or reduced)

Photosynthesis allows plant to capture energy from sunlight to produce:

TRUE OR FALSE: In chloroplasts the pigment chlorophyll donates electrons to an electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane.

Stage 1 of photosynthesis is in large part equivalent to what?

In the electron transport chain in chloroplasts, which molecule serves as the final electron acceptor?

Chlorophyll molecules absorb which color of light most strongly?

When a chlorophyll molecule captures light energy, what form does the energy take?

In photosynthesis, what drives generation of ATP by ATP synthase?

Which photosystem is able to boost electrons to the very high energy level needed to make NADPH from NADP+?

When an electron is removed from the reaction center of photosystem II, how is the missing electron then replenished?

TRUE OR FALSE: The chlorophyll special pair in photosystem I actually serve as the final electron acceptor in the photosynthetic electron-transport chain.

TRUE OR FALSE: Combining CO2 and H2O to make a carbohydrate is an energetically very favorable reaction.

What provides the fuel to convert CO2 into sugars in chloroplasts?

During very active periods of photosynthesis, the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate generated by carbon fixation in the stroma is stored as:

The first living cells on Earth-both prokaryotes and primitive eukaryotes-most likely generated ATP by what process?

.In Earth's history, with the rise of cyanobacteria, what molecule began accumulating in the atmosphere for the first time?

.What electron acceptor allows an organism to completely break down organic molecules into CO2 and H2O and thereby release a large amount of energy that can be harnessed by the cell to do work?

TRUE OR FALSE: The storage of energy in a proton gradient derived from electron transport is a recent evolutionary development.

Nitrogen fixation...