Human anatomy – Urinary System Anatomy – Flashcards

urinary system consists of (4) : (and pipes)

The kidneys which are positioned ________ lie on either side of the vertebral column, high on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity

covers the kidney

Outer layer of kidney; houses the glomerulus

part of internal anatomy of kidney. contains renal pyramids and renal columns. ions are balanced in the nephron loop

urine travels through, no blood vessels

blood travels up them and is filtered in the nephrons. many blood vessels are present. then urine is transferred into the pyramids

filters blood; individual processing units that filter out impurities, collect wastes, & purify blood for circulation

apex of renal pyramid

after the papilla, urine collects here before entering the major calyx

collects urine; culminate in renal pelvis

Places where major calyces converge, portion of the kidney that narrows to become the ureter

A duct leading from the kidney to the urinary bladder.

Describe the network of blood vessels in the kidney (4 steps)

responsible for oxygenation gradient

site of most of the filtration, most components of urine separated here

Where urine concentrated; after this point it can no longer be modified; the location in the kidney where processed filtrate, called urine, is collected from the renal tubules and moves it to the minor calyx

How much fluid is processed by the kidneys each day? How much of that is excreted?

which region of the kidney is more watery? which is more salty?

Which limb of the nephron loop requires energy to move fluid

-Positioned retroperitoneally -Lie on either side of the vertebral column -High on posterior wall of abdominal cavity

95% water; Usually contains urea, uric acid, creatinine; May contain trace amounts of amino acids and varying amounts of electrolytes; Volume varies with fluid intake

Function of ____ :Removal of metabolic wastes from the blood and excretion to the outside of the body; Regulation of RBC production, blood pressure, calcium ion absorption, and the pH, volume, and composition of blood

-Muscle Ducts -Transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder -Location: Distal to renal pelvis, Run inferiorly

occur when calcium magnesium, or salts in the urine crystalizes; mineral and acid salts; convey pain through T11-L2 (ipsilateral lower quadrant of anterior abdominal wall and groin; "from loin to groin")

3 places where kidney stones tend to constrict the ureters :

hollow organ with strong muscular walls; Temporary resevoir for urine: Enters through ureters, Exits through urethra; Located in pelvis when empty, can extend up into abdominal wall as it fills

Tube that leads urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body; extends out of the Urinary bladder

are at the angles of the bladder trigone; This area has a different embyological origin; ureters arrive at the bladder at an oblique angle, these are the two superior verticies of the trigone

muscular lining of the bladder is called

a triangular area at the internal floor of the bladder which has an opening at each of the three angles

Steps for elimination of Urine (9 steps)