Questions from Quiz and Test from Chapter 12 – Flashcards
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Which of the following is not a type of RNA?
nRNA (nuclear RNA)
MRNA (messenger RNA)
rRNA (ribosomal RNA)
tRNA (transfer RNA)
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nRNA (nuclear RNA)
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Each amino acid in a protein is specified by
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a codon.
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The three-nucleotide codon system can be arranged into _____ combinations.
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64
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The process of obtaining a copy of the information in a gene as a strand of messenger RNA is called
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transcription.
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The site where RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA molecule to start the formation of an RNA molecule is called a(n)
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promoter.
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The process of taking the information on a strand of messenger RNA and building an amino acid chain that will become all or part of a protein molecule is called
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translation.
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If an mRNA codon reads UCA, its complimentary anticodon will be
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AUG.
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Where an mRNA leaves the cell's nucleus, it next becomes associated with
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a ribosome.
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Regarding the activity level of genes,
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some genes are always off unless a repressor is not bound.
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True or False
Repressors block transcriptions by binding to the DNA
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True
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The use of information in DNA to direct the production of particular proteins is called
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gene expression.
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True or False
The coding portions of most eukaryotic genes are embedded as introns with long sequences of non-coding exons.
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False
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The direct result of transcription is
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mRNA
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The direct result of translation is
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a protein
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Which of the following is not associated with transcription?
rRNA
mRNA
RNA polymerase
DNA
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rRNA
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Which of the following is not associated with translation?
rRNA
mRNA
RNA polymerase
DNA
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DNA
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In the process of translation, the amino acids are arranged to form specific proteins because they are attached to
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tRNA
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A(n) _____ is composed of 2 subunits, one nested into the other like a fist in the palm of your hand.
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ribosome
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Which of the following unctions as the "blueprint" copies of nuclear genes?
rRNA
mRNA
tRNA
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mRNA
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During translation, the mRNA molecule
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moves between the two subunits of the ribosome.
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DNA leaves the nucleus
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never.
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The genetic code is made up of
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mRNA codons.
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True or False
The codon GCU specifies the amino acid alanine.
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True
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_____ forms hairpin loops due to the hydrogen bonding that forms between its nucleotides with an amino acid attached to it's free -OH end.
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tRNA
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True or False
RNA polymerase binds to a strand of DNA and moves along the strand to make mRNA.
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True
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True or False
During transcription, both strands of DNA serve as a template for the synthesis of mRNA.
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False
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True or False
Each amino acid is specified by a codon.
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True
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True or False
Genes can be turned on by the binding of a repressor.
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False
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After transcription, the mRNA molecule must _______ before it is translated into a protein molecule.
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have its introns removed
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True or False
The genetic code is universal.
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True
