Biology Exam 2 Ch. 8 – Flashcards

The creation of genetically identical offspring by a single parent, without the participation of sperm and egg, is called

With the exception of identical twins, siblings who have the same two biological parents are likely to look similar, but not identical, to each other because they have

Sister chromatids are

Prior to mitosis, each chromosome of a eukaryotic cell consists of a pair of identical structures called

What must happen before a cell can begin mitosis

The centrosomes move away from each other and the nuclear envelope breaks up during which phase of mitosis

The chromosomes line up in the center of the cell during which phase of mitosis?

The sister chromatids separate and begin moving toward opposite poles of the cell during which phase of mitosis

The chromosomes arrive at the poles and nuclear envelopes form during which phase of mitosis

At the end of the mitotic (M) phase, the cytoplasm divides in a process called

Which of the following statements correctly describes the timing of DNA synthesis?

Eukaryotic cells spend most of their cell cycle in which phase

Which of the following occurs during interphase

The process by which the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell divides to produce two cells is called

Looking into your microscope, you spot an unusual cell. Instead of the typical rounded cell shape, the cell has a very narrow middle separating two bulging ends. It sort of looks like the number 8! Then you realize that this cell is

During mitosis, the chromosomes move because

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up on a plane equidistant from the two spindle poles

At the start of mitotic anaphase

During which phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope re-form

A cell is treated with a drug that prevents the formation of intracellular (within the cell) vesicles. Which of the following processes would be blocked

Which of the following is a feature of plant cell division that distinguishes it from animal cell division

Mature human nerve cells and muscle cells

A benign and a malignant tumor differ in that

Two chromosomes in a nucleus that carry genes controlling the same inherited characteristics are

Which of the following statements regarding mitosis and meiosis is false

At the conclusion of meiosis I, the daughter cells are

In meiosis II

During which stage of meiosis do synapsis and crossing over occur

Which of the following options correctly describes the behavior of a tetrad during anaphase I of meiosis

Independent orientation of chromosomes at metaphase I results in an increase in the number of

Although in humans there are 22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes, only three different chromosomal trisomies are commonly seen in newborns. Of the remaining 19 autosomes, many trisomies have not been seen in newborns. Why not?

Nondisjunction occurs when

reproduction is a means of creating new individuals solely by mitosis, the form of cell division that creates genetically identical daughter cells. Sexualreproduction, in contrast, generates genetically unique offspring. To accomplish this, an organism must producegametes-- sperm and egg -- through the process of meiosis. The cells produced this way will be haploid, meaning that they contain a single set of chromosomes. Such cells are produced only in thegonads.

The term binary fission is best applied to

Chromatids are

DNA replication occurs in

In the telophase of mitosis, the mitotic spindle breaks down and the chromatin uncoils. This is essentially the opposite of what happens in

At which point do centrosomes begin to move apart to the opposite poles of the cell in a dividing human liver cell?

The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes move toward separate poles of the cell is

During cell division, what role do centrosomes play?

One event occurring during prophase is

The kinetochores are

Cytokinesis refers to

A cleavage furrow forms in an animal cell during

How many pairs of autosomes do humans have

After fertilization, the resulting zygote begins to divide by

When we say that an organism is haploid, we mean that

What is the typical result when a diploid cell undergoes meiosis

Crossing over occurs during

An organism has a haploid chromosome number n = 4. How many tetrads will form during meiosis

The function of meiosis is to make