BIO 137 Exam 2 – Flashcards
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Which of the following statements about independent assortment and segregation is correct?
- The law of segregation requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
- The law of segregation is accounted for by anaphase of mitosis.
- The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
- The law of independent assortment is accounted for by observations of prophase I.
- The law of segregation requires having two or more generations to describe.
answer
The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
question
What process is responsible for the independent assortment of alleles?
answer
meiosis
question
How do cells acquire homologous chromosome pairs that carry the alleles that are independently assorted?
answer
fusion of gametes
(one chromosome is from dad one chromosome is from mom. together they make a homologous pair. To become together the mom (gamete) and dad (gamete) come together to form a zygote. )
SEGREGATION= alternate versions of alleles separate
INDEP. ASSORTMENT= it doesn't matter how the pairs line up (a and A and independent of b and B)
question
which are true of genes?
- are traits
- made of nucleotides
-made of amino acids
- are proteins
answer
gene is a sequence of DNA (DNA is made up of nucleotides)
question
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the process of independent assortment?
- Alleles found on separate chromosomes segregate based upon their origin.
- Dominant alleles segregate with recessive alleles.
- Genes located on the same chromosome assort as an independent unit.
- Alleles of different genes segregate from one another in a random manner.
answer
Alleles of different genes segregate from one another in a random manner.
*** the alleles on the SAME chromosome DO NOT go through indep. assortment because they are connected by a centromere.)
SEGREGATION= alleles separate
INDEP. ASSORTMENT= it doesn't matter how the pairs line up (a and A and independent of b and B)
question
The principle of independent assortment is best illustrated by events that take place during ___
answer
metaphase I, during which nonhomologous chromosomes segregate independently of each other.
question
The individual with genotype AaBbCCDdEE can make many kinds of gametes. Which of the following is the major reason?
- recurrent mutations forming new alleles
- crossing over during prophase I
- the tendency for dominant alleles to segregate together
- segregation of maternal and paternal alleles
- different possible assortment of chromosomes into gametes
answer
different possible assortment of chromosomes into gametes
question
Which of the following statements about independent assortment and segregation is correct?
The law of segregation requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
The law of segregation is accounted for by anaphase of mitosis.
The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
The law of independent assortment is accounted for by observations of prophase I.
The law of segregation requires having two or more generations to describe.
answer
The law of independent assortment requires describing two or more genes relative to one another.
SEGREGATION= alleles separate
INDEP. ASSORTMENT= it doesn't matter how the pairs line up (a and A and independent of b and B)
question
Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in which of the following phases of cell division?
- anaphase of mitosis
- prophase I of meiosis
- anaphase I of meiosis
- anaphase II of meiosis
- metaphase II of meiosis
answer
anaphase 1 (in anaphase 2 the sister chromatids separate which is not the definition- that alternate versions of an allele separate)
SEGREGATION= alternate versions of alleles separate
INDEP. ASSORTMENT= it doesn't matter how the pairs line up (a and A and independent of b and B)
question
Which chromosomal event in meiosis explains Mendel's principal of segregation?
- Crossing over between homologs during prophase I
- Separation of homologs at metaphase I
- Independent assortment of nonhomologous chromosomes at metaphase I
- Separation of homologs at anaphase I
answer
Separation of homologs at anaphase I
SEGREGATION= alleles separate
INDEP. ASSORTMENT= it doesn't matter how the pairs line up (a and A and independent of b and B)
question
Which chromosomal event in meiosis explains Mendel's principle of independent assortment?
- Homologs separate during meiosis I.
- Crossing over between homologs during meiosis I
- Separation of sister chromatids during meiosis II
- Nonhomologous chromosomes line up independently during meiosis I.
answer
Nonhomologous chromosomes line up independently during meiosis I.
SEGREGATION= alleles separate
INDEP. ASSORTMENT= it doesn't matter how the pairs line up (a and A and independent of b and B)
