Medical terminology ch 8 – Flashcards

Process by which nutrient material is taken into the bloodstream

Enzyme that breaks down starch. Ptyalin is a salivary amylase and amylopsin is a pancreatic amylase.

Building up of the body substance in the constructive phase of metabolism.

Lack of appetite.

Surgical removal/excision of the appendix.

Inflammation of the appendix.

Accumulation of serous fluid in the peritoneal cavity.

Pertaining to or conveying bile.

Orange-colored bile pigment produced by the separation of hemoglobin into parts that are excreted by the liver cells.

The tongue is covered by hairlike papillae entangled with threads produced by Aspergillus niger or Candida albicans fungi. Could be caused by poor hygene or antibiotic therapy.

Intestine

Pertaining to the cheek

Literally "a casting down"; a breaking of complex substances into more basic elements.

Pertaining to the abdomen

Abnormal condition of the lip as seen in riboflavin and other B-complex deficiencies.

Surgical excision of the gallbladder.

Inflammation of the gallbladder.

Surgical incision of the common bile duct.

Milky fluid of intestinal digestion composed of lymph and emulsified fats.

Chronic degenerative liver disease characterized by changes in the lobes; parenchymal cells and the lobules are infiltrated with fat.

Surgical excision of part of the colon.

Malignancy of the colon; sometimes called colorectal cancer.

Pertaining to the colon

Thin, lighted flexible instrument that is moved through the colon during a colonoscopy.

Visual examination of the colon via a colonoscope

Literally means "the creation of a new opening into the colon". Performed for the purpose of evacuating the bowel and can be required for multiple reasons. It can be permanent or temporary.

Infrequent passage of unduly hard and dry feces; difficult defecation.

Chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any part of the gastointestinal tract but most commonly occurs in the ileum.

Evacuation of the bowel.

Act or process of swallowing.

Pain in a tooth; toothache

One who specializes in dentristry

Type, number, and arrangement of teeth in the dental arch.

Frequent passage of unformed watery stools.

Process by which food is changed in the mouth, stomach and insteadines by chemical, mechanical and physical action so that it can be absorbed by the body.

Inflammation of the diverticula in the colon.

Pertaining to the duodenum; the first part of the small intestine.

An intestinal disease characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane.

Difficulty in digestion; indigestion.

Difficulty in swallowing.

Vomiting.

Pertaining to the small intestine.

Inflammation of the small intestine.

Protein substance capable of causing chemical changes in other sumstances without being changed itself.

Pertaining to the region above the stomach.

Belching.

Pertaining to the esophagus

Body waste expelled from the bowels.

Fibrous, encapsulationed connective tissue tumor.

Gas in the digestive tract. Average person passes 400 - 1200mL of gas each day.

Surgical removal of part or the whole stomach.

Pertaining to the stomach

Study of the stomach and the intestines.

Doctor who specializes in diseases and irregularities of the stomach and intestine.

Pertaining to the stomach and esophagus.

Condition that occurs when the sphincter between the esophagus and stomach is weak or relaxes inappropriately allowing stomach contests to go back up into the esophagus.

To feed liquid or semiliquid food via a tube. (Stomach or nasogastric)

Inflammation of the gums.

Surgical incision into the tongue.

Formation of glycogen from glucose.

Bad breath.

Vomiting of blood.

Passage of stools that contain red blood rather than tarry stools.

Mass of dilated, tortuous veins in the anorectum; can be internal or external.

Inflammation of the liver.

Tumor of the liver.

Abnormal protrusion of an organ or a part of an organ through the wall of the body cavity that normally contains it.

Surgical repair of a hernia

Intravenous infusion of a hypertonic solution to sustain life; used in patients whose gastrointestinal tracts are not functioning properly.

Excessive vomiting.

Pertaining to the region below the stomach.

Inflammation of the ileum.

Creation of a new opening through the abdominal wall into the ileum.

Disorder that interferes with the normal functions of the large intestine; characterized by a group of symptoms, including crampy abdominal pain, bloating, constipation and diarrhea.

Pertaining to the lip.

Surgical incision into the abdomen.

To wash out a cavity. Used to remove or dilute the gastric contents in cases of acute poisoning or ingestion of caustic substances.

Substance that acts to loosen the bowels.

Pertaining to the tongue.

Destruction of fat.

Surgical process of transferring the liver from a donor to a patient.

Process of bad or inadequate absorption of nutrients from the intestinal tract.

Chewing

Black, tarry feces caused by the action of intestinal juices on blood.

Pertaining to the peritoneal fold encircling the small intestines and connecting the intestines to the posterior abdominal wall.

The inclination to vomit.

Surgical process of transferring the pancreas from the donor to the patient.

Inflammation of the pancreas

Paralysis of the intestines that causes distention and symptoms of acute obstruction and prostration.

Pertaining to gastric digestion

Pertaining to the area around the tooth.

Inflammation and degeneration of the gums and surrounding bone, which frequently causes loss of the teeth.

Wavelike contraction that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body, especially in the alimentary canal.

Pertaining to the pharynx

Closed sac in the crease of the sacrococcygeal region caused by a developmental defect that permits epithelial tissue and hair to be trapped below the skin.

After a meal

Physician who specializes in the study of the anus and the rectum.

Instrument used to view the anus and rectum.

Pertaining to the gatekeeper, the opening between the stomach and the duodenum.

Hernia of part of the rectum into the vagina

Inflammation of the salivary gland. (sigh-al-add-eh-ni-tis)

Instrument used to view the sigmoid.

Enlargement of the spleen.

Inflammation of the mouth.

Below the tongue.

Open lesion of sore of the epidermis or musous membrane.

Inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the large intestine. Also called colitis or proctitis.

Shaped like a worm; vermiform appendix

Twisting of the bowel on itself that causes an obstruction.

Ejection of stomach contents through the mouth.

Pertaining to

Enzyme

Hernia

Surgical excision or removal

vomitting

Shape

Formation, production

Condition

Nature of, quality of

Destruction, to separate

Enlargement, Large

Tumor

Appetite

To digest

to eat, to swallow

Suture

Instrument for examining

Contraction

New opening

Incision

Pertaining to

To suck in

Gland

Nourishment

Starch

A building up

Appendix

Appendix

Gall, Bile

Cheek

A casting down

Pertaining to the abdomen

Lip

Common bile duct

Orange-yellow

Colon

Colon

Colon

To press together

Bladder

To remove dregs

Tooth

Through

Diverticula

Duodenum

Difficult

to vomit

Small Intestine

Intestine

Above

A breaking out

Esophagus

Fibrous tissue

Stomach

Gums

Tongue

Sweet, sugar

Breath

Blood

Vein liable to bleed

Liver

Hernia

Excessive

Deficient, below

Ileum, or a twisting

Ileum

Lip

Abdomen

To loosen

Tongue

Fat

Bad

To chew

Middle

Nest

Tooth

Pancreas

To disable, paralysis

To digest

Pharynx

Hair

After

Meal

Anus & rectum

Pylorus, Gatekeeper

Rectum

Saliva

Sigmoid

Spleen

Mouth

Below

Worm

To roll

Before meals (ante cibum)

Albumin/globulin (ratio)

Barium

Blood Alcohol Concentration

Barium Enema

Bowel Movement

Bathroom Privileges

Bowel Sounds

CarcinoEmbryonic Antigen

Carbohydrate

Cholesterol

Chronic Ulcerative Colitis

Escherichia coli

Endoscopic Retrograde CholangioPancreatography

Gallbladder

GastroEsopageal Reflux Disease

Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase

Gastrointestinal

Glucose Tolerance Test

Hepatitis-Associated Antigen

Hepatitis A Virus

Hepatitis B Immune Globulin

Hepatitis B Virus

Hydrochloric acid

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Lower Esophageal Sphincter

Mucosal-associated-lymphoid type (lyphoma)

Non-A, Non-B hepatitis virus

Nasogastric

Ammonia

Nothing by mouth

Nausea & Vomiting

Ova & Parasites

After meals (post cibum)

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

Postprandial (after meals)

Peptic Ulcer Disease

Recommended dietary or daily allowance

Total Parenteral Nutrition

Upper GastroIntestinal