A&P Chapter 20 – Flashcards

What is the main chemical stimulus for cerebral autoregulation?

Identify the incorrect statement regarding the fundamental causes of edema. A deficiency of albumin (hypoproteinemia) produces edema by reducing the reabsorption of tissue fluid. Capillary reabsorption does not depend on oncotic pressure. Obstruction of lymphatic vessels can interfere with fluid drainage and lead to the accumulation of tissue fluid distal to the obstruction. Kidney failure leads to water retention and hypertension, thus raising capillary blood pressure and filtration rate. Since albumin is produced by the liver, liver diseases such as cirrhosis tend to lead to hypoproteinemia and edema.

Which of the following is not a mechanism that assists venous return? Pressure generated by the heart Gravity The skeletal muscle pump Central venous pressure being greater than pressure in the venules Cardiac suction

Which vessels have the thickest tunica media?

The outermost wall of an artery or vein is called the __________ and in large arteries and veins contains the __________.

Which of the following has the most important effect on blood velocity? Blood viscosity Vessel radius Blood osmolarity Hematocrit Vessel length

Which of the following decreases blood pressure? Norepinephrine Antidiuretic hormone Angiotensin II Aldosterone Atrial natriuretic peptide

Where is the vasomotor center located?

Which of the following are powerful vasoconstrictors? Norepinephrine and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Norepinephrine and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) Epinephrine and angiotensin II Epinephrine and aldosterone Epinephrine and antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

What is taken up by the capillaries at their venous end?

Which of the following does not lead to edema?

What type of shock can be produced by hemorrhage, severe burns, or dehydration?

What type of shock occurs when bacterial toxins trigger vasodilation and increase capillary permeability?

A bee sting can trigger a massive release of histamine, which causes __________ and a(n) __________ in arterial blood pressure.

Which of the following is a portal system? Heart → artery → vein → heart Heart → artery → arteriole → capillary bed → arteriole → capillary bed → venule → vein → heart Heart → artery → artery → arteriole → capillary bed → venule → vein → heart Heart → artery → arteriole → capillary bed → venule → vein → vein → heart

Approximately what percent of fluid that exits the capillaries at the arterial end renters the capillaries at the venous end?