Chapter 6 "Psychosocial Development" – Flashcards

The ability to control when and how emotions are expressed.

Erikson. Third psychosocial crisis. Children undertake new skills and activities and feel guilty when they do not succeed at them.

A person's understanding of who he is, incorporating self-esteem, physical appearance, personality, and personal traits.

A drive that comes from inside a person. I.e. the need to feel smart or competent.

A drive to pursue a goal that arises from the need to have one's achievement rewarded from outside. I.e. receiving a trophy or a round of applause.

Make-believe friends who exist only in a child's imagination. Combat loneliness and aid emotional regulation.

An illness or disorder of the mind.

Difficulty with emotional regulation that involves... expressing powerful feelings through uncontrolled physical or verbal outbursts.

...turning one's emotional distress inward, as by feeling excessively guilty, ashamed, or worthless.

Play that mimics aggression through wrestling, chasing, or hitting, but in which there is no intent to harm.

Pretend play in which children act out various roles and themes in stories that they create.

Characterized by high behavioral standards, strict punishment of misconduct, and little communication.

Characterized by high nurturance and communication, but little discipline, guidance, or control.

Parents set limits and enforce rules, but are flexible and listen to their children.

Parents are indifferent toward their children and unaware of what is going on in their children's lives.

Biological differences between males and females, in organs, hormones, and body shape.

Differences in the roles and behaviors that are prescribed by a culture for males and females.

Frued. Third stage of development (ages 3-6), when the penis becomes the focus of concern and pleasure.

The unconscious desire of young boys to replace their fathers and win their mothers' exclusive love.

In psychoanalytic theory, the judgmental part of the personality that internalizes the moral standards of the parents.

The unconscious desire of girls to replace their mothers and win their fathers' exclusive love.

An attempt to defend one's self-concept by taking on the behaviors and attitudes of someone else.

A child's cognitive concept or general belief about sex differences, which is based on his or her observations and experiences.

The ability to understand the emotions and concerns of another person, especially when they differ from one's own.

Feelings of dislike or even hatred for another person.

Actions that are helpful and kind but that are of no obvious benefit to the person doing them.

Actions that are deliberately hurtful or destructive to another person.

Hurtful behavior that is intended to get something that another person has and to keep it.

An impulsive retaliation for another person's intentional or accidental action, verbal or physical.

Nonphysical acts (insults or social rejection) aimed at harming the social connection between the victim and other people.

Unprovoked, repeated physical or verbal attack, especially victims who are unlikely to defend themselves.

A disciplinary technique that involves threatening to withdraw love and support and that relies on a child's feelings of guilt and gratitude to the parents.

A disciplinary technique in which a child is separated from other people and activities for a short time.

When a parent talks extensively with the offender helping children to understand why their behavior was wrong.

Intentional harm to or avoidable endangerment of anyone under 18 years of age.

Deliberate action that is harmful to a child's physical, emotional, or sexual well-being.

Failure to meet a child's basic physical, educational, or emotional needs.

Harm or endangerment about which someone has notified the authorities.

Harm or endangerment that has been reported, investigated, and verified.

An effort by child-welfare authorities to find a long-term living situation that will provide stability and support for a maltreated child. A goal is to avoid repeated changes of caregiver or school, which can be particularly harmful to the child.

A form of foster care in which a relative of a maltreated child ,usually a grandparent, becomes the approved caregiver.