Early Greeks – Flashcards
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What did the Mycenaeans learn from the Minoans?
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Working with bronze, building ships, use of the sun and stars for navigation at sea, and religious practices.
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Why is the time period around 6oo BC in ancient Greece Called the Dark Age?
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people forgot how to read and write
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Early Greeks lived by
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trading, farming of grapes and olive oil, fishing
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Who could be citizens of most Greek city-states
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free, native born, land owning MEN
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The Greek alphabet was based on which of these alphabets?
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Phoenician
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The Mycenaeans come to Greece from
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Central Asia
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The Minoans made their living as
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traders
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Mycenaeans could pay their taxes in
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wheat, livestock or honey
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A peninsula means "almost island" because
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It is a piece of land surrounded by water on three out of four sides.
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Nearly 3/4 of Greece's terrain is covered in
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mountains
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In ancient Greece, what was an open area called that served as a market and meeting place for people?
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An agora
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In ancient Greece, which BEST describes the rights of a citizen?
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one could own property, vote, hold office, and defend themselves in court.
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The Minoan people live on the island of Crete, in the city of
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Knossos
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Which of the following BEST describes the rights of women in the Minoan civilization?
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like the other civilizations we have studied, women had very few rights.
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Unlike the Minoans or the Mycenaeans, the Dorians were
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skilled warriors that used bronze and gold weapons.
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Which of the following stories recounts the Mycenaeans during the Trojan War?
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Odyssey
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Grapes, Olives, Barley
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were all grown and harvested in Greece.
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Athens, Sparta, and Troy are located where?
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Greece
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oligarchy
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a form of government where few people hold power
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people who take power by force and rule with total authority
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tyrants
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created a new council of 500 citizens to help the assembly this person is credited with making the government of Athens a democracy.
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Cleisthenes
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citizens share running of the government
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democracy
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cancelled farmers debt, trusted Athenian noble freed those that had become slaves
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Solon
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Spartan term for serf or slaves
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helot
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Athenian tyrant that won support of the poor by dividing large estates and by loaning the people money
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Peisistratus
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King Darius
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Persian king who reorganized government to make it work better. Darius divided the empire into 20 provinces called satrapies.
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satrapies
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the 20 states into which Darius divided the Persian Empire, Provinces created by the Persian ruler Darius; 20 provinces within the empire that each had a royal governor (satrap), tax collector, and a military commander. A common flaw with empires was the difficulty to control due to their large size and population. With satrapies, Darius made it easier to control.
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Battle of Marathon
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Athenian army defeated the strong Persian force. An athlete called Pheidippides ran 26 miles from Marathon to Athens with the news., (490 B.C.E.) Battle where the Persians who invaded Greece were defeated on the Plain of Marathon by an Athenian army., 490 BC. Persians went across Aegean Sea and landed, waiting for the Greeks who had half as many men to attack. Greeks didn't. Persians started reloading ships and the Greeks attacked and beat the Persians. No Spartans.
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Persian Wars
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A series of wars between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire (5th century B.C.), Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through Darius's punitive expedition that failed at Marathon. Chronicled by Herodotus. (131)
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Marathon races
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Named for the famous run of Pheidippides and are just over 26 miles long
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The fall of the Persia Empire
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Persia was weakened by fighting with Greeks. After Darius and Xeres, other rulers raised taxes to gain more wealth. High taxes angered people and caused rebellions. At the same time, Persian Royal family fought over who would be king.
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Themistocles
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Athenian leader who helped lead the Athenian navy during the Persian Wars; this led to the defeat of the Persian fleet at the Battle of Salamis.
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Battle of Salamis
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Greek fleet attacked the Persian fleet in the straight of Salamis not far from Athens Greeks destroyed almost the entire Persion fleet.
