Psych Unit 8 Test – Flashcards
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Which of the following is the best example of the use of the availability heuristic?
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Making a judgement according to past experiences that are most easily recalled.
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Language researcher Ashcroft noted that comparative human language has many shared features. Which of the following did he NOT include in his list of common important shared features.
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Flexibility
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Framing experiments have demonstrated that most humans are...
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more loss aversive than risk aversive
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The word "predates" contains _____ phonemes and ____ morphemes.
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7; 3
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Mr. Nydam suffers amnesia and is unable to remember playing golf on a particular course. Yet the more he plays the course, the course the more his game improves. His experience illustrates the need to distinguish between:
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Explicit and implicit memory
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A listener hearing a recording of Japanese, Spanish, and north american children babbling would:
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not be able to tell them apart
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Failing to see that an article of clothing can be inflated as a life preserver is an example of:
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functional fixedness
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Although Jordan could not recall the exact words of a poem he had recently heard, he clearly remembered the meaning of the poem. This best illustrates the importance of:
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semantic encoding
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During her evening Spanish language exams, Janica so easily remembers the French vocabulary she studied that morning that she finds it difficult o recall the Spanish vocabulary she rehearsed that afternoon. Her difficulty best illustrates:
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proactive interference
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After Teresa was verbally threatened by someone in a passing car, she was questioned as to whether she recognized the man who was driving the car. Several hours later, Teresa mistakenly recalled that the driver was a male rather than female. Teresa experience best illustrates:
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The misinformation effect
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Researchers taught chimpanzee Washoe and the gorilla Koko to communicate by using:
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sign language
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Which of the following examples of the use of the representativeness Heuristic?
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judging that a young person is more likely to be the instigator of an argument than an older person, because you believe younger people are more likely to start fights.
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We more quickly recognize that a blue jay is a bird than that a penguin is a bird because a blue jay more closely resembles our ___________ of a bird.
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prototype
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The sentence "blue jeans wear false smiles." has correct __________ but incorrect ___________.
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Syntax; semantics
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The two-word stage of language development typically begins at the age of __________ months.
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24
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According to the three box/information processing model, stimuli from the outside environment is first stored in...
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sensory memory
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The neo-Freudian who believed that memories are the window to the unconscious was...
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Alfred Adler
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College students are more likely to choose a condom that is said to be effective when informed that it has a 95 percent success rate than when told it has a 5 percent failure rate. This best illustrates:
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framing
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One of the ways memories are physically stored in the brain is by what process?
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Long term potentiation; which strengthens connections between neurons.
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The happier Judy is, the more readily she recalls experiences with former teachers who are warm and generous. This best illustrates that the emotional states can be:
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retrieval cues
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Mr. Krohn, a carpenter, is frustrated because he misplaced his hammer and need to pound in the last nail in the bookcase he is building. He overlooks the fact that he could use the tennis trophy sitting above the workbench to pound in the nail. Which concept best explains why Mr. Krohn overlooked the trophy?
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functional fixedness
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Native German speakers who pronounce the English word 'this' as 'dis' are demonstrating their difficultly with an English:
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phoneme
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Mrs. BcBride can't consciously recall how frequently she criticized her children because it would be too anxiety-arousing to do so. Sigmunf Freud would have suggested that her poor memory illustrates:
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repression
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After suffering damage to the hippocampus, a person would probably:
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lose the ability to store new facts
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To find tabasco sauce in a large grocery store, you would systematically search every shelf in every store aisle. This best illustrates problems solving by means of:
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an alogrithm