hth ch 14 – Flashcards

small square of latex for cunnilingus or anilines

dark, warm, moist, places , especially the mucous membranes lining the reproductive organs

Venereal diseases

sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

through education, responsible action, simple preventive strategies, and prompt treatment

1. HIV/AIDS 2. Hepatitis 3. Syphilis 4. Chlamydia 5. Gonorrhea 6. Herpes 7. Human papillomavirus (HPV)

newly infected with an STI each year

refers to the transfer of bodily fluids such as vaginal secretions, blood, and semen

Sexual intercourse - Oral—genital contact - Hand—genital contact - Anal - Mouth-to-mouth contact - Contact with fluids from body sores

Americans have an STI

25

unaware they have genital herpes

most common STI's in U.S.

men symptoms: -painful and difficult urination -frequent urination -watery pus-like discharge from penis -epididymitis or inflammation near testicles Women symptoms: -yellowish discharge -spotting between periods -occasional spotting after intercourse

WOMEN

Infertility -Blindness -Heart disease -Cancer -Liver and brain damage -death

Chlamydia -Gonorrhea -Syphilis -Trichomoniasis -Chancroid

can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and ectopic (tubal) pregnancy in women

UTI( URINARY TRACT INFECTION)

can cause kidney damage if left untreated

caused by pathogen neisseria Gonorrhoae

linings of urethera, genital tract, pharynx, and rectum

Can cause arthritis, rashes, eye infections, PID, epididymitis, urethritis, and gonococcal conjunctivitis or gonorrheal infection of blood or joints in infants of infected mothers

Usually asymptomatic for Gonorrhea

Microscopic exam of discharge can diagnose infection Oral antibiotics can cure the disease

Most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge -Caused by unhealthy species of normal vaginal bacteria

- Caused by treponema pallidum bacterium -highest in adults aged 20-39 -high among african americans & men who have sex with men -

Primary phase: 10-90 days after exposure •Painless ulcers, called chancres; highly contagious -Secondary phase: 3-6 weeks after chancre •Flulike symptoms and highly contagious skin rash -Late, or tertiary, phase •Damage to organs, dementia, cardiovascular damage, blindness, and death

Diagnosed by examination of infected tissues and with blood tests -Treated by antibiotics but damage from late stages of infection can be permanent

sore found at site of syphillis infection. chancre in men found: penis or scrotum chancre in women found: internal on vaginal wall or high on cervix where chancre is not readily apparent and likelihood is not great

congenital syphillis; can cause death, severe birth defects such as blindness, deafness, or disfigurement. developmental delays and seizures.

a sample from chancre is collected to identify the bacteria or blood test

pennicillin

cervical cancer

may reduce viral shedding between herpes outbreaks

veneral warts, or condylomas

HPV

Gardasil and Cervarix

Doesn't protect against genital warts, but may be more effective in protections against cervical cancer

Protects against four types of HPV virus that account for 90 percent of genital warts and 70 percent of cervical cancers •Most effective before the onset of sexual activity •Approved for boys and men

Small bump on the skin or a large, warty growth -Cauliflower-like mass -May cause irritation and bleeding, painful urination

cryosurgery (freezing) •Electrocautery (burning) •Laser surgery • Acid treatments

in the sub-Saharan africa

kaposi's sarcoma (cancer), blood infections, or any of the 21 other indicator diseases.

CD4 cells (also known as helperT cells)

defined as a virally caused inflammation of the liver. There are seven known forms but A, B and C have the highest incidence.

contracted from eating food or water contaminated with human feces

spread through bodily fluids, during unprotected sex or via contact with blood of an infected person

manifests many years after exposure, and resistant forms of this strain are emerging. Becomes chronic in 85% of cases

Specific kinds of sexual contact -Direct exposure to infected blood -HIV-infected women to fetus or to infant during breastfeeding -Not through casual contact

Saliva -Tears -Sweat -Mucous -Urine/Feces

between 2-16 weeks

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)

antiretroviral therapy (ART)