Bio Ch35 Pretest abc – Flashcards
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Root hairs are important to a plant because they _____.
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increase the surface area for absorption
( Root hairs are extensions of individual epidermal cells on the root surface that increase the absorptive surface area of the root tremendously.)
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Which of the following is correctly matched with its tissue system?
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cortex ... ground tissue system
( The cortex is composed of ground tissue.)
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Most of the photosynthesis in a plant occurs in the _____ cells of the leaves.
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parenchyma
( Cells of this type often contain chloroplasts, the organelles responsible for photosynthesis.)
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How do cells in a meristem differ from cells in other types of plant tissue?
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They continue to divide.
( Meristem is embryonic tissue, and it retains the ability to divide.)
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The primary growth of a plant adds _____ and secondary growth adds _____.
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height ... girth
( Apical meristems elongate shoots and roots through primary growth. Lateral meristems add girth to woody plants through secondary growth.)
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Wood is composed primarily of _____.
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secondary xylem
( Heartwood is older secondary xylem that no longer functions in transport; the lignified walls of its dead cells form a central column that supports the tree.)
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Other than the transport of materials, what is another function that vascular tissue performs in a leaf?
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The tissue functions as a skeleton that reinforces the shape of the leaf.
[ Veins in leaves (vascular bundles) transport materials and provide support.]
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Cell division in the vascular cambium adds to the girth of a tree by adding new _____ to the layer's interior and _____ to the layer's exterior.
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xylem ... phloem
( The vascular cambium produces xylem at its interior and phloem at its exterior.)
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Cellular differentiation is responsible for _____.
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one daughter cell becoming a sieve tube while the other becomes a companion cell
( Cell differentiation occurs as different genes are switched on and off.)
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At which level in the hierarchy of plant structure is the polarity of a plant determined?
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cells
( The first division of the one-celled zygote establishes the polarity of the future plant.)
