Mastering Biology Ch 8 Quiz – Flashcards
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How many NADH are produced by glycolysis?
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Two NADH molecules are produced by glycolysis.
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In glycolysis, ATP molecules are produced by _____.
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substrate-level phosphorylation A phosphate group is transferred from glyceraldehyde phosphate to ADP.
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Which of these is NOT a product of glycolysis?
water
ATP
pyruvate
NADH + H+
FADH2
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FADH2 is a product of the citric acid cycle.
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In glycolysis, what starts the process of glucose breakdown?
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ATP. Some ATP energy is used to start the process of glucose oxidation.
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In glycolysis there is a net gain of _____ ATP.
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2. It takes 2 ATP to produce 4 ATP.
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For each glucose that enters glycolysis, _____ NADH enter the electron transport chain.
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10. For each glucose molecule that enters glycolosis, a total of 10 NADH are produced -- 2 are produced in glycolysis, 2 are produced in acetyl CoA production, and 6 are produced in the citric acid cycle.
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In cellular respiration, most ATP molecules are produced by _____.
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oxidative phosphorylation
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The final electron acceptor of cellular respiration is _____.
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Oxygen.Oxygen is combined with electrons and hydrogen to form water.
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During electron transport, energy from _____ is used to pump hydrogen ions into the _____.
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NADH and FADH2 ... intermembrane space
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The proximate (immediate) source of energy for oxidative phosphorylation is _____.
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kinetic energy that is released as hydrogen ions diffuse down their concentration gradient
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Select the correct sequence of steps as energy is extracted from glucose during cellular respiration.
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glycolysis → acetyl CoA → citric acid cycle → electron transport chain
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What is the correct general equation for cellular respiration?
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C6H12O6 + 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy
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Which of the following processes takes place in the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell?
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glycolysis
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In what organelle would you find acetyl CoA formation, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain?
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mitochondrion
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Which statement describes glycolysis?
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This process splits glucose in half and produces 2 ATPs for each glucose.
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Which statement describes the citric acid cycle?
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This process produces some ATP and carbon dioxide in the mitochondrion.
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Which statement describes the electron transport chain?
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This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration.
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Why is the Krebs cycle called a cycle?
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The final product of the process serves as an initial reactant in the process.
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What is the purpose of fermentation?
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to convert NADH back into NAD+
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Imagine you could inject molecules into the leg muscles of a sprinter, right before a race. Which of the following would be most useful?
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NAD+
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Some people trying to lose weight have gone on the "Atkins diet," in which they eat mostly high-protein, low-carbohydrate foods such as meat, cheese, and eggs. The amino acids in these protein-rich diets, such as alanine, glycine, and serine, can be converted to pyruvate by deamination (removal of the amino group).
Based on this scenario as well as your knowledge of cellular respiration, how many ATP, NADH, and FADH2 molecules will be generated from one molecule of alanine during the mitochondrial matrix reactions? Hint: Only consider the reactions from the point at which the alanine carbons enter cellular respiration.
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one FADH2, four NADH, and one ATP
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At the end of glycolysis, the original carbons of the glucose molecule form
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two molecules of pyruvate.
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________ is the first stage in glucose metabolism and does not require oxygen.
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Glycolysis
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All of the following are true statements about ATP EXCEPT that it is
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synthesized only within mitochondria.
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________ is the process by which hydrogen ions move via a concentration gradient through ATP-synthesizing enzymes, resulting in the production of ATP.
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Chemiosmosis
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Which kind of metabolic poison would interfere with the glycolysis stage of cellular respiration?
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An agent that closely mimics the structure of glucose but is not capable of being metabolized
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During the final events of cellular respiration, oxygen combines with ________ to form ________.
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electrons and hydrogen ions; water
