Chapter 16 – Running Water – Flashcards
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Which of the following statements is true?
-High volume is associated with erosion.
-Low gradient is associated with deposition.
-High stream velocity near the mouth is associated with erosion.
-Small channel size is associated with deposition.
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Low gradient is associated with deposition.
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Zone of erosion
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- mountains
- big boulders on the bed
- headwaters
- steep gradient
- small channel size
- small volume of water
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Zone of transportation
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- trunk stream
- meander
- moderate channel size
- moderate volume of water
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Zone of deposition
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- mouth
- gentle slope
- large channel size
- large volume of water
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At which of the following locations is erosion occurring?
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- A
- C
- E
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At which of the following locations is deposition occurring?
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- B
- D
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Which of the following statements about deposition and erosion around meander loops is true?
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- Erosion occurs where water is moving the fastest along the outside of the loop.
- Deposition occurs where water is moving the slowest along the inside of the loop.
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Which portion of the stream is the most likely to become an oxbow lake in the near future?
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- D
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Dendritic pattern
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Uniform bedrock
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Radial pattern
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Volcanic cones and domes
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Rectangular pattern
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Highly jointed bedrock
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Trellis pattern
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Areas of alternation weak and resistant bedrock
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Indistinct or multiple drainage patterns
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Alternating weak and resistant bedrock, isolated peaks
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Direction and location of streamflow controlled primarily by geology
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- Solid bedrock that is fractured in some areas
- Areas of hard rocks interspread with areas of softer rock
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Direction and location of streamflow controlled primarily by slope
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- Peaks surrounded by valleys
- Layers of sedimentary, similar rock
- Solid igneous bedrock of uniform composition and slope
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What causes meandering streams to downcut and become incised meanders?
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uplift of the land the stream is flowing on
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Which of the following is likely to occur to an incised meander after it reaches equilibrium with its new base level?
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The incised meander will cause only minor erosion of the canyon walls.
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Which of the following statements accurately describe the erosional processes of meanders that are incising and meanders that are in equilibrium?
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- Meanders in equilibrium erode primarily in a side-to-side manner.
- Incising meanders erode primarily by downcutting.
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How does the number of tributaries change for a stream that has had part of its flow captured (A in the example) and a stream that has pirated another stream (B in the example)?
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The number of tributaries for the captured stream (A) decreases and the number of tributaries for the pirating stream (B) increases.
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Using the example below, determine how flow will change as a result of stream piracy. The arrows indicate the original flow directions and the dotted line indicate where headward erosion has occurred.
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Water would now flow from point A to point C.
