Exam 1: Chapters 1-4 – Flashcards

Computing technologies make it possible to have ____, traditional appliances with some type of built-in computer or communications technology.

When data is processed into a meaningful form, it becomes ____.

The term ____ refers to the programs or instructions used to tell the computer hardware what to do.

What is the term for a collection of hardware and other devices that are connected together so that users can share hardware, software, and data, as well as electronically communicate with each other?

Eight bits grouped together are collectively referred to as a ____.

A ____ is the smallest unit of data that a binary computer can recognize.

A ____ is equal to approximately 1,000 bytes.

Video data—such as home movies, feature films, and television shows—4 4 is displayed using a collection of ____.

A(n) ____ instruction might look like a meaningless string of 0s and 1s, but it actually represents specific operations and storage locations.

One measurement of the speed of a CPU is the ____, which is rated in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).

A ____ is an electronic path over which data can travel.

The bus width and bus speed together determine the bus's ____ or bandwidth; that is, the amount of data that can be transferred via the bus in a given period of time.

The term ____ refers to chip-based storage used by the computer.

____ consists of nonvolatile memory chips that can be used for storage by the computer or the user.

Most computers today support the ____ standard, in which the computer automatically configures new devices as soon as they are installed and the PC is powered up.

The ____ is the section of the CPU that performs arithmetic involving integers and logical operations.

Instructions and data flow in and out of the CPU via the ____.

Jill can use the ____ program to locate and delete temporary files, such as installation files, Web browsing history, and files in the Recycle Bin.

A ____ is the hardware where data is actually stored.

A storage medium is inserted into the appropriate ____ to be read from or written to.

Although both the user and the computer use drive letters, folders, etc. to save and retrieve documents in a storage system, they perceive them differently. What term refers to the user's view of the way data is stored?

Although both the user and the computer use drive letters, folders, etc. to save and retrieve documents in a storage system, they perceive them differently. What term refers to the computer's view of the way data is stored?

____ means that data can be retrieved directly from any location on the storage medium, in any order.

Anything (such as a program, letter, digital photograph, or song) stored on a storage medium is referred to as a(n) ____.

Virtually all personal computers come with a(n) ____ that is used to store most programs and data.

Each hard disk is divided into pie-shaped groups of ____.

A strategy for speeding up hard drive performance is ____.

A ____ is a place to store something temporarily.

The time required to move the read/write heads to the cylinder that contains (or will contain) the desired data is called the ____.

A ____ partition contains the data necessary to restore a hard drive back to its state at the time the computer was purchased and is designed to be used only if the computer malfunctions.

Hard discs partitions are sometimes referred to as ____.

CD-ROM discs and DVD-ROM discs are ____ optical discs and come prerecorded with commercial products.

What is the recommended file system for computers running current versions of Windows?

____ optical discs can be recorded on, erased, and overwritten just like magnetic disks.

____ devices are high-performance storage servers that are individually connected to a network to provide storage for the computers connected to that network.

A ____ is a separate piece of hardware containing multiple high-speed hard drives.

____ provide(s) a method of storing data on two or more hard drives that work in combination to do the job of a larger drive.

RAID 0 uses disk ____, which spreads files over several disk drives.

If Rodney wants to be able to record, erase, and overwrite the files on a CD, he should get a ______.

With a ____, the user presses the screen with his or her finger to select commands or otherwise provide input to the computer with which it is being used.

A ____ is designed to scan flat objects one page at a time.

What is an optical code that represents data with a series of vertical bars of varying widths?

____ are used to input data about a person into a computer system so that the individual can be identified based on a particular unique physiological characteristic.

Digital cameras most often use what type of card for storage?

A ____ is the smallest colorable area in an electronic image.

What is the name of the international coding system that can be used to represent text-based data in any written language?

In a printer, the number of ____ affects the quality of printed output.

Printer print speed is typically measured in ____.

____ form images by spraying tiny drops of liquid ink onto the page, one printed line at a time.

Stacey is the office manager for a small business and is looking for a new printer and scanner for her office.After doing some research into printers, Stacey decides to buy a(n) ____ printer, since they are the standard for business documents and are typically faster and have better quality output than other types of printers.

What is the Internet?

What is the World Wide Web?

_____ are businesses or other organizations that provide Internet access to others, typically for a fee.

Which of the following is an example of an IP address?

Which of the following is an example of a URL?

The bus width and bus speed together determine the bus's _______________, also known as bandwidth, that is, the amount of data that can be transferred via the bus in a given period of time.

In order to synchronize all of a computer's operations, a _________, made of a quartz crystal, is located on the motherboard, is used.

Online storage is sometimes referred to by what term?

A ___________ drive is a category of storage devices that uses flash memory media instead of metal magnetic hard disks.

What is the ability of a scanning device to recognize handwritten or typed characters and convert them to electronic form as text, not images?

What is the name for small programs that are used to communicate with peripheral devices such as printers, monitors, scanners, etc?

Which of the following is an example of a domain name?

The key element of the microprocessor is the ____—a device made of semiconductor material that acts like a switch controlling the flow of electrons inside a chip.

The part of the CPU that coordinates the computer's operations is called the _________.

What is the binary representation of the decimal number 13?

One byte can represent ___ different characters and symbols.

One type of PC storage device that uses sequential access is a ____.

A storage method that uses several hard drives working together, typically to increase performance and/or fault-tolerance.

Online storage is sometimes referred to as ____ storage.

A _____ drive is a category of storage devices that uses flash memory media instead of metal magnetic hard disks.